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Endocrinological and endometrial factors in recurrent miscarriage.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the endocrinological and endometrial factors in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage DESIGN: Prospective, case study SETTING: Recurrent miscarriage clinic, Jessop Hospital for Women, Sheffield PARTICIPANTS: One hundred and forty-four women with unexplained recurrent (> or =3) miscarriages METHODS: A blood sample was obtained in early follicular phase (day 3-5) to measure follicle stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, prolactin, androgens and thyroid function; daily blood/urine samples were obtained from mid-follicular phase to measure luteinising hormo…

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog plus an oral contraceptive containing desogestrel in women with severe hirsutism: effects on hair, bone, and hormone profile after 1-year use.

To evaluate the usefulness of D-Trp-6-luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) (triptorelin), a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) an … es were evaluated and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), 17-OH-progesterone (17-OHP), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were determined. After 1 year of follow-up study, the combination of a GnRHa plus OC resulted …

The pars tuberalis of the ewe: no effect of season or ovariectomy on the distribution, density or presence of immunoreactive cells.

This study investigated whether season or long-term ovariectomy influence the presence, distribution and density of immunoreactive cells in the ovine pars tuberalis. Three groups of ewes were used: breeding season (BS; n=5), anoestrous (AS; n=8) and ovariectomised (OVX; n=4). Two rams were also investigated for possible sex-dependent differences. Employing standard immunocytochemical techniques, paraformaldehyde-fixed sagittal pars tuberalis and pars distalis sections were immunoreacted against luteinising hormone, luteinising hormone beta-subunit, thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, growt…

Pituitary responses to thyrotropin releasing hormone stimulation in depressed women with thyroid gland disorders.

From an endocrine outpatient clinic and psychiatric outpatient clinic in Kaunas, Lithuania, 41 women with major depression were selected for … TSH responses. In all three groups basal TSH correlated positively with TSH response to TRH. Basal prolactin (PRL) responses to TRH infusion were similar in all three groups. However, the four AIT women with enhanced TSH responses also showed enhanced PRL responses. Indeed, in the AIT group, but only in this group, PRL responses were correlated with both T …

Effects of pantoprazole on endocrine function in healthy male volunteers.

METHOD: In a randomized, double-blind, two-period crossover study, pantoprazole 40 mg or placebo were given orally to 12 male volunteers for 2 weeks each. There was a wash-out period of at least 1 week between the two treatment periods. The effects of pantoprazole or placebo on cortisol and testosterone (primary criteria), and tri-iodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyronine-binding protein, parathyroid hormone, insulin, glucagon, renin, aldosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteotrophic hormone, prolactin and somatotrophic hormone were compared. In addition, intragast…

Menstrual disorders in patients with chronic renal failure.

Forty females, age 14 to 35 years (mean 28.6 years) with chronic renal failure (CRF) were included in the study. Their menstrual patterns were noted. The function of their hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis was assessed by the serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinising hormone (LH), prolactin (PrL), estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) at different phases of the menstrual cycle in patients who continued to have normal menses (Group 1) and at weekly intervals for six weeks in patients with menstrual disturbances (Group II). The mean hormone levels during the initial contact …

Hormones and neurotransmitters control cyclic AMP metabolism in choroid plexus epithelial cells.

The choroid plexus is a major site of CSF production. When primary cultures of bovine choroid plexus epithelial cells were exposed to 1 micrograms/ml cholera toxin, a 50-fold increase of intracellular cyclic AMP was found 1 h later. Exposure of cells to 10(-5) M isoproterenol, 10(-4) M prostaglandin E1, 10(-5) M histamine, and 10(-5) M serotonin caused increases of intracellular cyclic concentrations of 100-, 50-, 20-, and 4-fold, respectively. From 5 to 15 min were required for these maximal responses to occur. Many other molecules including prolactin, vasopressin, and corticotropin did not a…

Possible DA agonist properties of naloxone.

Naloxone is widely if not universally considered to be a pharmacologically 'pure' opiate (mu) receptor antagonist virtually devoid of agonist action when administered in moderate dosages. However, naloxone (NX) appears to possess a striking number of DA agonist properties. Thus, some investigators have found NX capable of inducing stereotyped rearing and locomotor activity in habituated rats (a controversial finding), and decrease serum prolactin levels, improve Parkinsonism, enhance copulatory performance in sexually sluggish animals, and increase striatal HVA levels, in mimicry of centrally …

Association between gestational and lactational DCBQ exposure and developmental toxicity in female offspring: Potential role of gut microbiota dysbiosis.

2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (DCBQ), a novel Disinfection by-product (DBPs), can enter the gut through various pathways and perturb the gut microbiota, which plays a critical role in offspring development. This study established a rat model of gestational and lactational DCBQ exposure to investigate developmental toxicity of DCBQ through gut microbiota and metabolomics. The results showed that DCBQ induced gut dysbiosis in both maternal and offspring rats, accompanied by significant metabolic disturbances. The affected pathways included prolactin signaling, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and o…

Integrated proteomic and metabolomic profiling reveals molecular signatures in cataract patients.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize systemic molecular signatures in the serum of patients with age-related cataracts and explore sp … nstrated strong correlation between proteome and metabolome, with co-enrichment in pathways such as prolactin signaling and diabetic cardiomyopathy. ELISA validation confirmed decreased levels of PGK1 and PPIA in an independent cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal systemic molecular alterations in age-related cataracts, highlighting oxidative stress an …

Left Ventricular Recovery Following Bromocriptine Initiation at Different Stages of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: A Report of Two Cases.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare yet potentially life-threatening form of heart failure that occurs during late pregnancy or within the months following delivery. Bromocriptine, which suppresses prolactin secretion, has emerged as a promising adjunctive therapy for PPCM; however, the optimal timing of its initiation remains uncertain. We describe two patients with PPCM who received bromocriptine at different stages of the disease course. The first patient was a 30-year-old woman who presented 33 days after delivery with cardiogenic shock, a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) o…

Diffuse Infiltrating Perisellar Mass Mimicking Polyneuritis Cranialis.

BACKGROUND: Subacute oculomotor dysfunction encompasses a broad differential diagnosis, including autoimmune, infectious, vascular, and neop … posterior pituitary region, with anatomical correlation to multiple cranial nerves. Mildly elevated prolactin levels suggested a stalk effect. Histological analysis confirmed DLBCL (NOS, GCB type). Treatment with corticosteroids followed by dose-adjusted R-CHOP resulted in complete clinical remission and radiologically confirmed tumor regression. CONCLUSIO …

Kisspeptin and early pregnancy: Insights from animal models into hormonal regulation and miscarriage.

Miscarriage, defined as spontaneous pregnancy loss before 20 weeks of gestation, affects 10-15% of pregnancies in women under 30, rising to … maternal immune responses and in coordinating hormonal cues, including progesterone, oestrogen, and prolactin, necessary for uterine receptivity. Despite shared features of placentation signal and endocrine regulation, significant species-specific differences exist (e.g. mice lack hCG, exhibit embryo-dependent decidualization, have less invasive trophoblast …

Short Stature Due to a Novel Compound Heterozygous Mutation of the POU1F1 Gene.

We describe a 19-month-old male with GH deficiency, central hypothyroidism, and hypoprolactinemia due to a novel mutation of POU1F1. The patient presented with short stature and a compound heterozygous mutation of POU1F1: the pathogenic nonsense variant was inherited from his mother [c.514C > T (p.Arg172)] and a variant of unknown significance from his father [c.182G > T (p.Gly61Val)]. He had a recumbent length of 69 cm (Z score -5.27) and a weight of 7.94 kg (Z score -3.09) at 19 months. Further evaluation showed free T4 0.8 ng/dL (10.3 pmol/L) [reference range: 0.88-4.8 ng/dL (11.3-61.8 pmol…

Management for prolactinomas of postmenopausal female patients: a retrospective single-center study.

PURPOSE: To evaluate outcomes of prolactinoma management in postmenopausal women, focusing on treatment withdrawal strategies in premenopausal-diagnosed patients and treatment response in postmenopausal-diagnosed patients. METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed postmenopausal patients with prolactinomas treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2014 to 2024. Patients were stratified by diagnosis timing (premenopausal vs. postmenopausal), with premenopausal-diagnosed cases further divided by treatment status. RESULTS: Among premenopausal-diagnosed patients (n = 53), 35 attempted…

Association of male sleep quality with semen parameters and pregnancy outcomes in infertile couple.

BACKGROUND: Sleep quality has been increasingly recognized as an important determinant of overall health, yet its influence on male fertilit … and hormone concentrations, including follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, prolactin, and testosterone. Poor male sleep quality was also linked to a lower probability of achieving clinical pregnancy (odds ratio = 4.67, 95% confidence interval = 3.08 to 7.09, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Poor male sleep quality is associated with impai …

The Impact of Commonly Used Medications on Erectile Dysfunction: Which Drugs Deserve Particular Attention?

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common but often underrecognized side effect of numerous medications prescribed for chronic conditions, particularly cardiovascular, psychiatric, and neurological disorders. This article reviews the impact of various drug classes on erectile function, focusing on mechanisms and clinical implications. Antipsychotics, widely used in schizophrenia, frequently cause ED through dopamine inhibition and increased prolactin levels, affecting libido and erectile capacity. Beta-blockers, especially older non-selective agents, contribute to ED by causing vascular constricti…

FGFR1 variation in the divergent settings of congenital hypopituitarism and pituitary tumours.

PURPOSE: Pituitary tumours are relatively common, and familial in approximately 5% of cases. However, germline genetic contributions to pitu … nd characterising variants with a population allele frequency < 0.05%. RESULTS: One patient with a prolactin-secreting pituitary tumour and his daughter with combined pituitary hormone deficiency shared a rare germline variant in FGFR1, c.386 A > C, p.(D129A). In our broader study, we identified an additional individual with the FGFR1 D129A variant and dem …

Молекулярная и клеточная основа физиологических изменений беременности и ее последствий для нейрологовых и офтальмических патологий.

Беременность олицетворяет глубокие неврологические, гормональные и анатомические преобразования в материнском мозге, подготавливая их к уходу и сближению младенцев. Нейроимация свидетельствует о таких структурных изменениях, как сокращение содержания серых веществ и реорганизация белых веществ во время беременности, за которыми следует частичное послеродовое выздоровление. Эти адаптации модернизируются изменяющимися уровнями эстрадиола, прогестерона, пролактина и окситоцина, которые координируют нейропластичность и поведенческий уровень готовности. На молекулярном и клеточном уровнях гормоны б

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Pregnancy orchestrates profound neurological, hormonal, and anatomical transformations in the maternal brain, preparing it for caregiving an … overy postpartum. These adaptations are modulated by fluctuating levels of estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, and oxytocin, which coordinate neuroplasticity and behavioral readiness. At the molecular and cellular levels, pregnancy hormones drive synaptic remodeling, neurogenesis, and glial activity. Together, these changes support maternal motivation, atta …

In vitro regulation of gene expression of pregnancy-associated proteins and cytokines in bovine endometrial epithelial cells and bovine trophoblastic cells by infection with Neospora caninum.

Abortion caused by the parasite Neospora caninum is an important threat to the livestock industry worldwide. Trophoblasts and caruncular cel … parasite interaction at the uteroplacental region. N. caninum infection increased the expression of prolactin-related protein 1 (PRP1), pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 1 (PAG1), and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-10) in BUECs and of IL-8 in BT cells. Bovine IFN-γ inhibited IL-8 and TNF-α expression in BUECs and IL-8 in BT cells. In contrast, the expression …