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Propranolol mitigates sleep apnea-related cardiac responses during CPAP withdrawal: a randomized placebo-controlled cross-over clinical study.

BACKGROUND: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) causes hemodynamic and autonomic changes during sleep that may promote cardiovascular dysfunction. The extent of heart rate acceleration following respiratory events is associated with mortality in OSA patients. Beta blockers may blunt hemodynamic sequelae of OSA but their impact on heart rate, breathing, sleep and vascular function have not been systematically studied. METHODS: We performed a double-blind randomized crossover study of long-acting propranolol long-acting (LA, 80 mg) vs. placebo interceded by a 1-week washout in OSA patients. In these p…

Current and novel device-led approaches for targeted obstructive sleep apnea screening, diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management.

INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder associated with serious health consequences and major economic burdens. Current diagnosis and treatment approaches are insufficient for the growing global burden of OSA. Novel device-led technologies may enable more efficient and personalized OSA management. AREAS COVERED: This review explores the potential role of screening tools such as regulatory-cleared wearables and discusses recent advancements in simplified home sleep testing and automated scoring software. Current and emerging OSA treatment monitoring systems, t…

Impact of prolonged obstructive sleep apnea syndrome disease course on retinal-choroidal microcirculation: a WF-SS-OCTA study.

PURPOSE: This study used wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (WF-SS-OCTA) to evaluate changes in macular vascular density in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) at different stages of disease duration, aiming to elucidate the effects of prolonged disease course on retinal and choroidal microcirculation. METHOD: This cross-sectional study included 54 patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) who were newly diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG). Patients were divided according to disease duration into a < 10-year group (Group 1: 29 patient…

Iron deficiency anemia is associated with renal function decline in obstructive sleep apnea: a multi-institutional cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease through mechanisms including intermittent hypoxia and systemic inflammation. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) may synergistically worsen renal vulnerability in patients with OSA through overlapping hypoxic and oxidative pathways; however, this relationship remains poorly characterized. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study utilized the TriNetX Research Network to identify and analyze adult patients with a first diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) between 2010 and 2022. After propensi…

Novel Type IV Monitoring Device With Advanced Oximetry Indicators Offers Accurate Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults.

BACKGROUND: Type IV sleep monitors offer a low-burden option for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) screening, yet their accuracy is often limited by motion artifacts and variability in signal-processing methods. The PM50-B is a wrist-worn Type IV device that combines high-sampling-rate (200 Hz) photoplethysmography (PPG)-based oximetry with wrist actigraphy to reduce motion artifacts and employs an adaptive SpO2 waveform-based desaturation detection algorithm. This study aimed to validate the diagnostic performance of the PM50-B against reference sleep studies. METHODS: In this prospective observ…

Baseline inflammatory markers, CPAP adherence, impacts on cardiovascular events, and mortality in obstructive sleep apnea: retrospective naturalistic study.

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a known risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Chronic low-grade inflammation has been identified as a pathophysiological link. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy successfully treats OSA and has positive effects beyond improving breathing patterns during sleep. However, its potential impact on CV morbidity and mortality remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between CV risk, the risk of incident malignancies, and the probability of patient death based on inflammatory parameters, anthropometry…

Drug-induced sleep endoscopy in the identification of obstruction sites causing obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome in children.

BACKGROUND: Evidence for drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) versus multilevel surgery guided by clinical examination is sparse in pediatrics. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study included all children undergoing DISE for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) between September 2021 and April 2025 in a tertiary pediatric center. Clinical examination of obstruction sites was performed in consultation, and treatment was proposed. The data were compared against the intraoperative anatomic data collected during DISE and associated procedures. OBJECTIVE: To assess the surgical contribution of DISE compar…

Immediate Load-Implant-Supported Mandibular Advancement in a Collapsed Bite to Treat Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: Patients who are edentulous or have severe loss of occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) present unique challenges in managing obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS: This case report describes the full-mouth rehabilitation of a 62-year-old female with an extremely collapsed bite and OSA symptoms. A digital workflow was utilized to plan a mandibular advancement prosthesis supported by dental implants. Key treatment steps included: recording a protrusive centric relation bite, increasing the OVD by 5 mm, and performing immediate implant placement with immediate loading of a provision…

Dementia risk associated with comorbid obstructive sleep apnea and anxiety/depression: A nationwide retrospective cohort study in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: This study examined whether comorbid obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and anxiety/depression increase dementia risk compared with either condition alone or neither. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (2000-2015). Adults with OSA and/or anxiety/depression were identified and grouped into four cohorts. Propensity score matching (1:1) was applied for age, sex, comorbidities, and index date. Dementia incidence was assessed using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier methods. RESULTS: Among 12,496 matched participants, …

White matter plasticity and cognitive improvement in obstructive sleep apnea following CPAP therapy: an automated fiber quantification study.

OBJECTIVE: To employ automated fiber quantification (AFQ) for the longitudinal assessment of segmental white matter microstructure in patients with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) before and after short-term continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, and to evaluate associations with clinical metrics. METHODS: 54 untreated male patients with moderate-to-severe OSA and 51 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent polysomnography, neuropsychological assessment, and diffusion MRI. To evaluate treatment efficacy, 19 OSA patients underwent a follow-up MRI exam…

Aberrant cerebral iron deposition mediates cognitive dysfunction in obstructive sleep Apnea: evidence from a severity-stratified QSM study.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: Excessive cerebral iron deposition has been implicated in cognitive dysfunction across several neurological disorders. We evaluated severity-dependent patterns of cerebral iron accumulation in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and assessed their potential role in mediating cognitive impairment. METHODS: The cohort comprised 139 OSA patients, stratified by severity (68 mild-moderate [OSA-M: apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) 5-30 events/hour] and 71 severe [OSA-S: AHI > 30 events/hour]), and 48 healthy controls. All underwent polysomnograph…

Systemic depletion of CD11b+ cells improves metabolic function in murine model of sleep apnea induced by intermittent hypoxia.

Intermittent hypoxia (IH), a hallmark feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), is associated with a range of physiological alterations that contribute to metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance. IH induces adipose tissue inflammation and macrophages may play a key role in such homeostatic derangements. To examine the role of monocytes/macrophages in OSA, CD11b-diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) transgenic mice were treated with diphtheria toxin to selectively eliminate these cells and assess changes in the metabolic function of IH-exposed mice. Transgenic homozygous male and female DTR mice…

Plasma Proteomic Profiles Predict Subsequent Obstructive Sleep Apnea Diagnosis in Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Early detection of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults with metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) remains a clinical challenge. Plasma proteomics provides a non-invasive tool for identifying individuals at elevated risk prior to symptom onset. We quantified 2911 plasma proteins in 17 375 OSA-free MASLD subjects from the UK Biobank (UKB). Participants were split into training and validation sets. Cox regression and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) with forward feature selection were used to identify and rank predictive proteins. Model performance was ass…

Incretin-Based Therapies in Obesity-Related Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Narrative Review of Evidence Tiers and Mechanistic Plausibility.

Obesity-related obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common, clinically heterogeneous, and tightly linked to cardiometabolic dysfunction, impaired daytime function, and reduced quality of life. Positive airway pressure (PAP) remains the standard device-based treatment for moderate-to-severe disease because it immediately stabilizes the upper airway, but it does not directly reverse the obesity that drives disease in many patients and its long-term effectiveness is often constrained by adherence. This narrative, non-systematic review synthesizes direct OSA-specific randomized evidence, indirect obe…

Optic Nerve Thickness Assessed by Ocular Ultrasonography in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Association with Disease Severity and Nocturnal Hypoxemia.

OBJECTIVES: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with various ocular complications, yet ultrasonographic evaluation of optic nerve thickness and its relationship with nocturnal hypoxemia remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate optic nerve thickness and globe dimensions using ocular ultrasonography in patients with different OSA severities and to investigate their associations with polysomnographic parameters. METHODS: In this prospective observational study, 108 participants (30 controls, 24 mild OSA, 20 moderate OSA, and 34 severe OSA) underwent overnight polysom…

Автосоматический синдром снотворного синдрома спящей апноэ из-за нового варианта c.980_984dup в COL1A2: A Case Report.

Осложненный синдром апноэ (OSAS) — сложное расстройство, характеризующееся коллапсом верхних дыхательных путей во время сна. Хотя история семьи часто свидетельствует о наследственной предрасположенности к ОСУС, нет никаких доказательств того, что это на самом деле моногенное расстройство. До настоящего времени не было описано ни одного случая, когда пациент с наследственным OSA из-за патогенной мутации в цепи коллагенов типа I альфа-2 (COL1A2). Пациенткой была 72-летняя женщина, которая страдала бессонницей с 35 лет. С тех пор ОСУС подозревалось, но было подтверждено только в возрасте 67 лет п

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a complex disorder characterized by the collapse of the upper airway during sleep. Although a family history often suggests a hereditary predisposition to OSAS, there is little evidence that it is actually a monogenic disorder. To date, no case of a patient with hereditary OSAS due to a pathogenic mutation in the co…

Evaluation of sleep quality and obstructive sleep apnea in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Sleep is essential for metabolic homeostasis and overall health. NAFLD, recently reclassified as MASLD, is the most prevalent chronic liver disease globally (~ 25% prevalence) and is strongly linked to metabolic comorbidities. Growing evidence associates adverse sleep conditions including short sleep duration, OSA, and circadian misalignment with NAFLD onset and progression. However, data from Iranian and Middle Eastern populations remain scarce, and no study has simultaneously evaluated sleep quality and OSA risk in a large Iranian NAFLD cohort. This study aimed to address this ga

Post-operative oropharyngeal rehabilitation suppress oxidative stress and inflammation in obstructive sleep apnea patients with transoral robotic surgery.

PURPOSE: To demonstrate the effects of postoperative oropharyngeal rehabilitation on inflammatory mediators and antioxidant capacity in adults with obstructive sleep apnea. METHODS: This quasi-experimental study enrolled participants without blinding between January 2020 and December 2022. Patients with obstructive sleep apnea were divided into a conservative treatment group (n = 17), surgery group (n = 23), or surgery combined with oropharyngeal rehabilitation (surgery + rehabilitation) group (n = 19). Polysomnography data and the concentration of inflammatory mediators and antioxidant capac…

Cardiovascular effects after five nights without continuous positive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: Although continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) effectively prevents sleep apnea and reduces blood pressure, many patients do not use CPAP every night. This trial investigates cardiovascular effects after sleeping five nights without CPAP. METHODS: We randomized 100 patients (67 men and 33 women with a mean age 64 ± 9 years) using CPAP treatment for moderate-to-severe sleep apnea to either withdraw treatment for five nights ( n  = 50) or to continue with CPAP ( n  = 50). The primary outcomes were arterial stiffness and 24 h blood pressure. RESULTS: The 24 h SBP increased by a…

The apnea interval: Ventilation interruption during tracheal intubation and its association with cardiac arrest resuscitation care and outcome.

BACKGROUND: Guidelines for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation recommend advanced airway management without interrupting chest compressions. However, the extent and impact of interrupting ventilation is unknown. We described the apnea interval that occurs during tracheal intubation and its association with clinical outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a cohort investigation of adult ventricular fibrillation (VF) OHCA patients who underwent attempted tracheal intubation prior to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in a metropolitan EMS system (2017-2020). Apnea interval was def…