Результаты поиска

Данные МРТ о вирусе Ла-Кросс-Энцефалит в педиатрии.

В этом ретроспективном когортном исследовании описываются результаты магнитно-резонансной съемки (MRI) 56 пациентов с доказанным или вероятным вирусным энцефалитом La Cross. Анализ первых изображений пациентов в ходе госпитализации с помощью МРТ выявил такие результаты, как расширение лептоминирования, вовлечение таламуса и базаловой ганглии. Кроме того, были отмечены различные выводы, касающиеся множественных пунктатов и часто встречающейся аномалии сигнала височной доли, имитирующей HSV.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
This retrospective cohort study describes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in 56 patients with proven or probable La Crosse virus e … a. Additionally, distinct findings of multiple punctate foci and frequent signal abnormality of the temporal lobe mimicking HSV were noted.

CT and MRI appearance of mitochondrial encephalopathy.

A case is reported of a 20-year-old female presenting with confusion and progressive sensory aphasia. CT and MRI showed bilateral and symmetric acute necrosis of the basal ganglia and of the left temporal and occipital lobe, besides chronic spinocerebellar degeneration. The imaging findings suggested a mitochrondrial encephalopathy. Genetic examination confirmed a MELAS syndrome (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactate acidosis and stroke like episodes).

Supraclinoid carotid dissection in a pediatric patient.

The authors present the case of a 13-year-old boy with a left temporal lobe infarction that developed during a 400-m run. Magnetic resonance (MR) angiography showed segmental narrowing of the left supraclinoid internal carotid artery (ICA) and a duplicated left middle cerebral artery (MCA). MR angiographic source images revealed a crescent-shaped left carotid lumen, indicative of a supraclinoid carotid dissection.

The preserved temporal crescent: the clinical implications of an "endangered" finding.

Sixteen consecutive patients with a partially or completely preserved temporal crescent (PTC) in right or left eye were identified by Goldmann kinetic perimetry. PTC etiologies were stroke, birth injury, trauma, aneurysm, and migraine. PTC eludes detection by automated static perimetry of the central visual field, but its ascertainment with Goldmann perimetry usually implies contralateral occipital lobe ischemia sparing a small portion of anterior primary visual cortex.

Transcription Factors and Hypopituitarism.

Several homeodomain factors are found in the developing anterior pituitary lobe. The production of these developmental transcription factors has distinct temporal and spatial patterns. By interacting with each other, as well as with other extrinsic and intrinsic signals, they control cell determination and specification. Here, we discuss transcription factors that have been shown to have an in vivo role in pituitary cell-type specification.

A case of reflex sympathetic dystrophy (complex regional pain syndrome, type I) resolved by cerebral contusion.

We present a case of refractory reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) (complex regional pain syndrome, type I) whose symptoms (ongoing pain, allodynia, hyperhydrosis and temperature abnormalities) were resolved after the patient suffered a traumatic cerebral contusion in the left temporal lobe, which caused no neurological deficit. This case suggests that symptoms of some RSD patients may largely sustained by a complex network involving the brain.

Case study: obsessive-compulsive disorder after severe traumatic brain injury in an adolescent.

The neurological underpinnings of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are still largely undetermined. We report a prospective case study of a young subject who developed OCD and impulsive aggression after traumatic brain injury. The implications are that frontal and temporal lobe lesions may be sufficient to precipitate OCD in the absence of clear striatal injury and that compulsivity and impulsivity may represent different psychophysiological states.

[Central deafness without aphasic disorders due to bilateral temporal lesion].

The authors report the case of a 68 years-old man with two strokes with an interval of 12 years in each hemisphere. In the last one, the patient presented total and persistent central deafness without any aphasic disorders, except verbal comprehension interference due to the deafness. During the first weeks he also had complex auditory hallucinations. Computerized tomography showed alterations suggesting old bilateral temporal lobe infarctions.

Analysis of functional MRI signal complexity based on permutation fuzzy entropy in bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder is a manifestation of an emotional disease and is associated with emotional and cognitive dysfunction. The entropy-based method has been widely used to study the complexity of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) signals in mental diseases; however, alterations in the brain rs-fMRI signal complexities in bipolar disorder patients remain unclear, and previously used entropy methods are sensitive to noise. Here, we performed a work using permutation fuzzy entropy (PFEN), which has better performance than previously used methods, to analyze the brain complexity of bipolar disor

Computational Feature Analysis of Body Movements Reveals Hierarchical Brain Organization.

Social species spend considerable time observing the body movements of others to understand their actions, predict their emotions, watch their games, or enjoy their dance movements. Given the important information obtained from body movements, we still know surprisingly little about the details of brain mechanisms underlying movement perception. In this fMRI study, we investigated the relations between movement features obtained from automated computational analyses of video clips and the corresponding brain activity. Our results show that low-level computational features map to specific brain

Development of infant sustained attention and its relation to EEG oscillations: an EEG and cortical source analysis study.

The current study examined the relation between infant sustained attention and infant EEG oscillations. Fifty-nine infants were tested at 6 (N = 15), 8 (N = 17), 10 (N = 14), and 12 (N = 13) months. Three attention phases, stimulus orienting, sustained attention, and attention termination, were defined based on infants' heart rate changes. Frequency analysis using simultaneously recorded EEG focused on infant theta (2-6 Hz), alpha (6-9 Hz), and beta (9-14 Hz) rhythms. Cortical source analysis of EEG oscillations was conducted with realistic infant MRI models. Theta synchronization was found ov

Family-based case-control study of homotopic connectivity in first-episode, drug-naive schizophrenia at rest.

Family-based case-control design is rarely used but powerful to reduce the confounding effects of environmental factors on schizophrenia. Twenty-eight first-episode, drug-naive patients with schizophrenia, 28 family-based controls (FBC), and 40 healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state functional MRI. Voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC), receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), and support vector machine (SVM) were used to process the data. Compared with the FBC, the patients showed lower VMHC in the precuneus, fusiform gyrus/cerebellum lobule VI, and lingual gyrus/cerebellu

Alteration of the Intra- and Cross- Hemisphere Posterior Default Mode Network in Frontal Lobe Glioma Patients.

Patients with frontal lobe gliomas often experience neurocognitive dysfunctions before surgery, which affects the default mode network (DMN) to different degrees. This study quantitatively analyzed this effect from the perspective of cerebral hemispheric functional connectivity (FC). We collected resting-state fMRI data from 20 frontal lobe glioma patients before treatment and 20 healthy controls. All of the patients and controls were right-handed. After pre-processing the images, FC maps were built from the seed defined in the left or right posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) to the target regio

Default Mode Network alterations in alexithymia: an EEG power spectra and connectivity study.

Recent neuroimaging studies have shown that alexithymia is characterized by functional alterations in different brain areas [e.g., posterior … ortex and right PCC, (ii) right frontal lobe and right PCC, and (iii) right parietal lobe and right temporal lobe. Finally, mediation models showed that the association between alexithymia and EEG connectivity values was directed and was not mediated by psychopathology severity. Taken together, our results could reflect the neurophysiological substrate of some …

Pareidolia in Parkinson's disease without dementia: A positron emission tomography study.

BACKGROUND: Pareidolia, which is a particular type of complex visual illusion, has been reported to be a phenomenon analogous to visual hallucinations in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies. However, whether pareidolia is observed in Parkinson's disease (PD) or whether there are common underlying mechanisms of these two types of visual misperceptions remains to be elucidated. METHODS: A test to evoke pareidolia, the Pareidolia test, was administered to 53 patients with PD without dementia and 24 healthy controls. The regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose was measured using 18F-fluor

Impact of brain tumour location on emotion and personality: a voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping study on mentalization processes.

Patients affected by brain tumours may show behavioural and emotional regulation deficits, sometimes showing flattened affect and sometimes experiencing a true 'change' in personality. However, little evidence is available to the surgeon as to what changes are likely to occur with damage at specific sites, as previous studies have either relied on single cases or provided only limited anatomical specificity, mostly reporting associations rather than dissociations of symptoms. We investigated these aspects in patients undergoing surgery for the removal of cerebral tumours. We argued that many o

Abnormal white matter integrity in long-term abstinent alcohol dependent patients.

A number of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have reported substantial white matter (WM) abnormalities in alcohol-dependent patients. … significant changes in AD and RD were still observed in some clusters in the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes of detoxified alcoholics even after 27.8 months.

Modality dependent cross-modal functional reorganization following congenital visual deprivation within occipital areas: a meta-analysis of tactile and auditory studies.

Cross-modal responses in occipital areas appear to be essential for sensory processing in visually deprived subjects. However, it is yet unclear whether this functional recruitment might be dependent on the sensory channel conveying the information. In order to characterize brain areas showing task-independent, but sensory specific, cross-modal responses in blind individuals, we pooled together distinct brain functional studies in a single based meta-analysis according only to the modality conveying experimental stimuli (auditory or tactile). Our approach revealed a specific functional cortica

Prediction of aphasia outcome using diffusion tensor tractography for arcuate fasciculus in stroke.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The AF is an important neural tract in language function. We investigated aphasia outcome according to DTT findings for AF in the early stage of stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five consecutive patients with aphasia and stroke and 12 control subjects were recruited. The AQ of K-WAB was used for the assessment of aphasia in the early stage of stroke (10-30 days) and at approximately 6 months after onset. We classified the patients into 3 groups according to the severity of left AF injury: type A, the AF was not reconstructed; type B, the AF was disrupted; and type

The neural correlates of cognitive control: successful remembering and intentional forgetting.

The ability to control how we process information by remembering that which is important and forgetting that which is irrelevant is essentia … ork together. Results indicated that encoding-related processes in the left inferior PFC and medial-temporal lobe (MTL) contribute to subsequent memory success, whereas inhibitory processes in the right superior frontal gyrus and right inferior parietal lobe contribute to subsequent forgetting success. Furthermore, connectivity analyses found a negative correla …