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Plant-Based Diets and Their Role in Preventive Medicine: A Systematic Review of Evidence-Based Insights for Reducing Disease Risk.

Plant-based diets have gained increasing attention for their potential role in preventive medicine, particularly in reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from 32 longitudinal studies to evaluate the impact of plant-based diets on disease prevention and health outcomes. The review identifies consistent patterns, including improved metabolic health, weight management, cardiovascular risk reduction, and positive effects on gut microbiome composition and inflammation. Howev

Микроэкология и тренировка: целевое воздействие на ось микробиота-Гут-Брэйна для лечения заболеваний центральной нервной системы.

Кишечная микробиота (ГМ) может играть решающую роль в развитии и развитии заболеваний центральной нервной системы (ЦНС). Микроэкология и упражнение могут влиять на состав и функции ГМ, оказывая тем самым позитивное воздействие на НКЦ. Ожидается, что комбинированные физические упражнения и микроэкология позволят более комплексно и эффективно решать проблемы, связанные с заболеваниями CNS, через ось микробиота-гут-мозгов (MMBA), потенциально превысив результаты отдельных мероприятий. Однако в настоящее время по этой теме не проводится соответствующих обзоров. В этом обзоре мы изучаем взаимосвязь

Examining the potentials of stem cell therapy in reducing the burden of selected non-communicable diseases in Africa.

Stem cell therapy (SCT) is a promising solution for addressing health challenges in Africa, particularly non-communicable diseases (NCDs). With their regenerative potential, stem cells have the inherent capacity to differentiate into numerous cell types for tissue repair. Despite infrastructural, ethical, and legal challenges, SCT holds immense promise for managing chronic illnesses and deep-seated tissue injuries. The rising prevalence of NCDs in Africa highlights the need for innovative strategies and treatment options. SCT offers hope in combating conditions like burns, osteoarthritis, diab

Gene Modified CAR-T Cellular Therapy for Hematologic Malignancies.

With advances in the understanding of characteristics of molecules, specific antigens on the surface of hematological malignant cells were identified and multiple therapies targeting these antigens as neoplasm treatments were developed. Among them, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, which got United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for relapsed/refractory (r/r) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as well as for recurrent acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) within the past five years, and for r/r mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) this year, represents one of the most ra

Radioligand Therapy in Cancer Management: A Global Perspective.

Radioligand therapy (RLT) is a targeted treatment modality that combines a tumour-specific ligand with a therapeutic radionuclide. Once administered, the radiopharmaceutical binds selectively to cancer-associated targets, delivering cytotoxic radiation directly to tumour cells while sparing surrounding tissues. Two RLT agents, [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE (Lutathera®) and [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 (Pluvicto®), have received regulatory approval for the treatment of advanced gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, respectively. As of July 2025, more tha

Cellular based treatment modalities for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver and is unfortunately associated with an overall poor prognosis and high mortality. Early and intermediate stages of HCC allow for treatment with surgical resection, ablation and even liver transplantation, however disease progression warrants conventional systemic therapy. For years treatment options were limited to molecular-targeting medications, of which sorafenib remains the standard of care. The recent development and success of immune checkpoint inhibitors has proven to be a breakthrough in the treatment of

Recent Perspectives on Cardiovascular Toxicity Associated with Colorectal Cancer Drug Therapy.

Cardiotoxicity is a well-known adverse effect of cancer-related therapy that has a significant influence on patient outcomes and quality of life. The use of antineoplastic drugs to treat colorectal cancers (CRCs) is associated with a number of undesirable side effects including cardiac complications. For both sexes, CRC ranks second and accounts for four out of every ten cancer deaths. According to the reports, almost 39% of patients with colorectal cancer who underwent first-line chemotherapy suffered cardiovascular impairment. Although 5-fluorouracil is still the backbone of chemotherapy reg

Belantamab Mafodotin: From Clinical Trials Data to Real-Life Experiences.

Despite the recent approval of novel immunotherapies, such as immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, Multiple Myeloma (MM) remains incurable, and the acquisition of triple-refractoriness leads to really dismal outcomes in even earlier lines of therapy. More recently, innovative therapeutic strategies targeting B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), highly expressed on the plasma cell surface, are drawing different future landscapes in terms of effectiveness and outcomes. Belantamab Mafodotin, a first-in-class anti-BCMA antibody-drug conjugate, demonstrate

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EHA-EU MCL network guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of mantle cell lymphoma.

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a relatively rare B-cell lymphoma subtype, with a higher incidence among males and a median age of 70 years at diagnosis. MCL is characterized by clinically diverse behavior, from indolent disease to extremely aggressive, related to the presence of biological risk factors such as proliferation rate and TP53 mutations. Most often, patients present with disseminated disease, necessitating systemic treatment. Immunochemotherapy has historically been the mainstay of treatment, but recent data indicate that addition of novel agents, especially covalent Bruton tyrosine

Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Status and Future Prospects.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent primary liver cancer with poor prognosis. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiofrequency ablation are three conventional therapeutic options that will help only a limited percentage of HCC patients. Cancer immunotherapy has achieved dramatic advances in recent years and provides new opportunities to treat HCC. However, HCC has various etiologies and can evade the immune system through multiple mechanisms. With the rapid development of genetic engineering and synthetic biology, a variety of novel immunotherapies have been employed to treat advance

Current Treatment Strategies for Multiple Myeloma at First Relapse.

Multiple myeloma (MM), the second most common hematologic cancer, remains an incurable malignancy, characterized by an initial response to therapy followed by successive relapses. The upfront treatment typically involves induction therapy, autologous stem cell transplantation for eligible patients, and long-term maintenance therapy. It is important to note that the anticipated duration of myeloma response diminishes with each subsequent relapse. Therefore, the first relapse represents a critical juncture in treatment, where refractoriness to key drug classes emerges as a significant challenge.

The 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome: Genotypic and phenotypic classification and targeted therapy.

EMS(8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome, EMS) is an aggressive hematological neoplasm with/without eosinophilia caused by a rearrangement of the FGFR1 gene at 8p11-12. It was found that all cases carry chromosome abnormalities at the molecular level, not only the previously reported chromosome translocation and insertion but also a chromosome inversion. These abnormalities produced 17 FGFR1 fusion genes, of which the most common partner genes are ZNF198 on 13q11-12 and BCR of 22q11.2. The clinical manifestations can develop into AML (acute myeloid leukemia), T-LBL (T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma),

CAR T cells for pediatric CNS tumors: Clinical experience and reverse translational opportunities.

Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in children and young adults. Despite decades of research, effective treatments for these tumors are still lacking and new therapeutic options are urgently needed. While chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies have revolutionized the treatment of hematologic malignancies, these cellular therapies are only beginning to show evidence of activity in CNS tumors. In this review, we will discuss current CAR T cell clinical trials with a focus on trials in the pediatric CNS tumor space. In addition,

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Advances of RNAs in Precision Medicine of Gastrointestinal Tumors.

Gastrointestinal tumors present a significant challenge for precision medicine due to their complexity, necessitating the development of more specific diagnostic tools and therapeutic agents. Recent advances have positioned coding and non-coding RNAs as emerging biomarkers for these malignancies, detectable by liquid biopsies, and as innovative therapeutic agents. Many RNA-based therapeutics, such as small interfering RNA (siRNA) and antisense oligonucleotides (ASO), have entered clinical trials or are available on the market. This review provides a narrative examination of the diagnostic and

Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Children: Emerging Paradigms in Genetics and New Approaches to Therapy.

Purpose of reviewAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) in children remains a challenging disease to cure with suboptimal outcomes particularly when compared to the more common lymphoid leukemias. Recent advances in the genetic characterization of AML have enhanced understanding of individualized patient risk, which has also led to the development of new therapeutic strategies. Here, we review key cytogenetic and molecular features of pediatric AML and how new therapies are being used to improve outcomes.Recent findingsRecent studies have revealed an increasing number of mutations, including WT1, CBFA2T

Targeted Delivery of Drugs and Genes Using Polymer Nanocarriers for Cancer Therapy.

Cancer is one of the primary causes of worldwide human deaths. Most cancer patients receive chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but these treatments are usually only partially efficacious and lead to a variety of serious side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new therapeutic strategies. The emergence of nanotechnology has had a profound impact on general clinical treatment. The application of nanotechnology has facilitated the development of nano-drug delivery systems (NDDSs) that are highly tumor selective and allow for the slow release of active anticancer drugs. In recent years, veh

Genomic profiling enables personalized strategies to overcome drug resistance in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow. It is a complex and heterogeneous disease that primarily affects older adults and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in treatment, including proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and monoclonal antibodies, MM remains largely incurable, with most patients experiencing relapse and disease progression. The disease’s biological complexity is driven by a multitude of genetic and molecular alterations, which contr

Safety of solid oncology drugs in older patients: a narrative review.

The older population represents ∼50%-60% of the population of newly diagnosed patients with cancer. Due to physiological and pathological aging and the increased presence of comorbidities and frailty factors, this population is at higher risk of serious toxicity from anticancer drugs and, consequently, often under-treated. Despite the complexity of these treatments, a good knowledge of the pharmacology of anticancer drugs and potentially risky situations can limit the emergence of potentially lethal toxicities in this population. This review focuses on optimizing systemic oncology treatments f

Myelodysplastic Syndromes: 2026 Update on Diagnosis, Risk-Stratification and Management.

DISEASE OVERVIEW: The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogeneous group of myeloid disorders characterized by peripheral blood cytopenias and increased risk of transformation to acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). MDS occurs more frequently in older males and in individuals with prior exposure to cytotoxic therapy. DIAGNOSIS: Diagnosis of MDS is based on morphological evidence of dysplasia upon visual examination of a bone marrow aspirate and biopsy. Information obtained from additional studies such as karyotype, flow cytometry, and molecular genetics is usually complementary and may he

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… Indeed, even today there is a debate of whether we need bridge therapy prior to SCT [ 168 ]. …