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Siberian child and adolescent mental health: prevalence estimates and psychosocial factors.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of child and adolescent mental health problems in Siberia and to investigate the effects of psychosocial factors. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study with the stratified randomised sample of schoolchildren provided prevalence estimates. Second study involved 1,382 adolescent self-reports and 1,864 parent reports of three through 17 year old children. METHODS: Psychopathology measure was the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, in the first study it was supplemented by psychiatric assessment. Psychosocial factors included

Screening University Students for Health Checks With an Electronic Health Questionnaire in Finland: Protocol for a Retrospective, Register-Based Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Health questionnaires and health checks are an established part of preventive health care services in Finland. However, only very limited research of these has been conducted. The Finnish Student Health Service (FSHS) provides primary health care services to all bachelor's and master's degree university students (approximately 134,500 students) in Finland. FSHS's statutory health examination process of university entrants includes an electronic health questionnaire (eHQ) and, based on the students' eHQ responses, a subsequent health check if necessary. To our knowledge, no previous

Health inequalities in cancer care: a literature review of pathways to diagnosis in the United Kingdom.

This literature review discusses current health disparities in cancer care in the United Kingdom, spanning access to services, diagnosis, and outcomes. These inequities stem from a complex interplay of factors such as health literacy, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age, gender, geography, and lifestyle choices. Health literacy plays a crucial role in timely healthcare seeking and diagnosis, while cultural beliefs significantly shape perceptions and behaviours. Socioeconomic barriers often result in delayed diagnosis and inferior outcomes due to limited access to preventive measures and high-

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… Service (NHS), prompting the introduction of the Core20PLUS5 initiative: a targeted strategy by the NHS in England to reduce health inequalities, particularly focusing on the most deprived 20% of the population, known as the Core20. 19 Within cancer care, the initiative emphasises improving early cancer … This study highlights a notable gap in engaging Black men with health services, suggesting avenues for improvement through community involvement and collaboration with cultural leaders. Understanding socioeconomic disparities is essential in addressing disparities in cancer outcomes. …

"A patchwork of services"--caring for women who sustain severe perineal trauma in New South Wales--from the perspective of women and midwives.

BACKGROUND: Current research into severe perineal trauma (3rd and 4th degree) focuses upon identification of risk factors, preventative practices and methods of repair, with little focus on women's experiences of, and interactions with, health professionals following severe perineal trauma (SPT). The aim of this study is to describe current health services provided to women in New South Wales (NSW) who have experienced SPT from the perspective of Clinical Midwifery Consultants (CMC) and women. METHODS: This study used a descriptive qualitative design and reports on the findings of a component…

Mental health needs of homeless and recently housed individuals in Canada: A meta-ethnography.

Homeless individuals are disproportionately likely to experience mental health conditions, and typically face many systemic barriers to access mental health services. This study sought to determine the mental health needs of homeless and recently housed individuals in Canada. A meta-ethnography was conducted to synthesise existing qualitative data and translate themes across a broader context. Thirty-five studies on the experiences of 1511 individuals with a history of homelessness were included. Themes were interpreted by comparing and contrasting findings across multiple contexts. Distinct, …

Schizophrenia: management and care in the community.

The move to community care has resulted in many more individuals with severe mental health needs relying on community services. Community facilities did not receive the proceeds from hospital closures and this had led to inadequate provision and facilities for individuals with severe mental health needs. There also appears to have been a lack of effective interventions and skills for dealing with this specific client group. The National Framework Strategy (Department of Health, 1999) for mental health outlines ways to modernize mental health services and aims to ensure that they will be more a…

Epidemic schistosomiasis in the delta of the Senegal River Basin, Senegal: responses of the health care system.

Since 1988, the delta of the Senegal River Basin has experienced an exceptional epidemic of intestinal schistosomiasis, following the development of large irrigation projects. Urinary schistosomiasis was also rapidly spreading. The response of the health care system to the epidemics is described. Control was integrated in the existing health care system, according to the general health policy of Senegal. Control was based on passive detection, treatment, health education and information. The availability of praziquantel was assured. Priority was given to the development of health services in g…

Positioning palliative oncology in health care in Caribbean and Sub-Saharan African countries: Leveraging social and economic opportunities.

Each year, millions of people around the world experience serious health-related suffering from life-threatening and life-limiting illnesses and require palliative care. Palliative care is a human right to adequate and timely interventions for the well-being of patients with serious illnesses and their families. The World Health Assembly incorporated palliative care as a component of universal health care, reinforcing the World Health Organization's mandate to support governments in integrating the service into primary health care. Yet, fewer than half of the countries across the globe have re

"Will I survive this?": A qualitative exploration of the wider impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health and well-being of pregnant and parenting youth and their children in Canada.

BACKGROUND: Pregnant and parenting youth in Canada face multiple challenges in fulfilling their parenting responsibilities while meeting their own unique needs. The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated public health restrictions exacerbated their challenges by reducing access to support networks, limiting opportunities to promote growth and well-being, and destabilizing their financial and economic standing. The impacts of the pandemic on the mental, physical, and emotional health of individuals are well-documented in the literature. However, there is limited research on how the pandemic influ

Self-reported Function, Health Resource Use, and Total Health Care Costs Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Glaucoma.

IMPORTANCE: The effect of glaucoma on nonglaucomatous medical conditions and resultant secondary health care costs is not well understood. OBJECTIVE: To assess self-reported medical conditions, the use of medical services, and total health care costs among Medicare beneficiaries with glaucoma. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Longitudinal observational study of 72,587 Medicare beneficiaries in the general community using the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (2004-2009). Coding to extract data started in January 2015, and analyses were performed between May and July 2015. MAIN OUTCOMES

Diagnostics barriers and innovations in rural areas: insights from junior medical doctors on the frontlines of rural care in Peru.

BACKGROUND: Worldwide, rural communities face barriers when accessing health services. In response, numerous initiatives have focused on fostering technological innovations, new management approaches and health policies. Research suggests that the most successful innovations are those involving stakeholders at all levels. However, there is little evidence exploring the opinions of local health providers that could contribute with further innovation development and research. The aims of this study were to explore the perspectives of medical doctors (MDs) working in rural areas of Peru, regardin…

Integration of sexually transmitted infection and HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis services in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Persons living in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) face disproportionate risk from overlapping epidemics of HIV and bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for prevention is gradually being scaled up globally including in several settings in SSA, which represents a key opportunity to integrate STI services with HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). However, there is limited literature on how to successfully integrate these services, particularly in the SSA context. Prior studies and reviews on STI and PrEP services have largely focused on high incom

Family planning services quality as a determinant of use of IUD in Egypt.

BACKGROUND: Both availability and quality of family planning services are believed to have contributed to increasing contraceptive use and declining fertility rates in developing countries. Yet, there is limited empirical evidence to show the relationship between the quality of family planning services and the population based prevalence of contraceptive methods. This study examined the relationship between quality of family planning services and use of intrauterine devices (IUD) in Egypt. METHODS: The analysis used data from the 2003 Egypt Interim Demographic and Health Survey (EIDHS) that i

Transportation Insecurity, Chronic Illnesses, and Healthcare Access: Associations with Telehealth Utilization, Homecare Visits, and Well-Being.

Background/Objectives: Transportation insecurity and chronic health conditions can substantially influence healthcare access and alternative in-person healthcare utilization in urban areas. Alternative healthcare delivery models, such as telehealth services and professional homecare visits, may help address mobility-related barriers. This study examines how transportation insecurity, chronic health status, and healthcare access challenges are associated with homecare visits and telehealth utilization, while also assessing differences in health and well-being perceptions among individuals with …

A qualitative study examining the health system's response to COVID-19 in Sierra Leone.

The paper examines the health system's response to COVID-19 in Sierra Leone. It aims to explore how the pandemic affected service delivery, … ies. Prioritising the well-being of health workers and the continued provision of essential routine health services is important. The socio-economic impact of public health measures on the population needs to be considered before measures are implemented.

Rethinking the relationship between sex work, mental health and stigma: a qualitative study of sex workers in Australia.

AIMS: Sex workers may experience stigma both related to their occupation as well as to mental health issues that they face. There is limited research on the lived experience of sex workers managing mental health and stigma. This study examined the experiences of sex workers in Australia in relation to stigma surrounding sex work, and sex workers' mental health, including self-management and experiences of accessing mental health services. METHOD: Six focus groups and two interviews were conducted with 31 sex workers. Data collection was co-moderated by a sex worker and a university-based rese…

Developing a national treatment strategy for personality disorder in Ireland.

The position paper 'The development of services for treatment of personality disorder in Adult Mental Health Services' was published by the College of Psychiatrists of Ireland Personality Disorder Special Interest Group (PDSIG) in 2021. Following this, we are advocating for the development of a national treatment strategy for personality disorders in Ireland. As part of this process, we have examined international evidence and best practice guidelines for establishing personality disorder services. Key recommendations from the literature include access to services, continuity of care, a multid…

Provision of Quality Contraceptive Services: Updates From National Guidelines.

In 2024, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the US Department of Health and Human Services Office of Population Affairs updated national guidelines on provision of quality contraceptive services and sexual and reproductive health care. New recommendations systematically promote care that is person-centered and accessible for all people. Contraceptive services may be addressed through a stepwise approach in which the clinician asks about an individual's contraceptive preferences based on their needs, desires, and prior experiences and then collaboratively works with the patient

Facility characteristics preferred by older men seeking medical male circumcision services in Kenya: qualitative findings from the 'Tasco' study (May 2014-June 2016).

Primary healthcare facilities are central to the implementation of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) as points of access to integrated health services in line with the Kenya AIDS Strategic Framework II (2020/21-2024/25). Knowledge of factors that explain men's uptake of VMMC and sexual health services at these facilities and preferences of where to get the services remain poorly understood. Using qualitative methodologies, we examined factors that determined facility choice for VMMC services and reasons for preferring the facility among men aged 25-39 years who previously underwent VM…

Transgender Youth Experiences and Perspectives Related to HIV Preventive Services.

BACKGROUND: In the United States, transgender youth are at especially high risk for HIV infection. Literature regarding HIV prevention strategies for this vulnerable, often-hidden population is scant. Before effective, population-based HIV prevention strategies may be adequately developed, it is necessary to first enhance the contextual understanding of transgender youth HIV risk and experiences with HIV preventive services. METHODS: Two 3-day, online, asynchronous focus groups were conducted with transgender youth from across the United States to better understand participant HIV risk and ex