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Усиление стрессовой ситуации в области питания способствует стойкости в хламидио-трахоматисе.

Стойкость, жизнеспособное, но не воспроизводимое состояние роста, причастна к болезням, вызванным трахоматисом хламидии. Голодание отдельных питательных веществ приводит к поверхностно аналогичному стойкому состоянию, что подразумевает конвергенцию общей внутриклеточной среды. Мы использовали двойную последовательность RNA-патогена в условиях как железа, так и триптофана для систематической характеристики стойкого хламидиального транскриптома и определения общего вклада реакции на транскрипцию стрессовой системы камеры в формировании внутриклеточной среды. Расшифровка инфицированных клеток нос

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Persistence, a viable but non-replicating growth state, has been implicated in diseases caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Starvation of distinct nutrients produces a superficially similar persistent state, implying convergence on a common intracellular environment. We employed host-pathogen dual RNA-sequencing under both iron- and tryptophan-starved condition…

Characterization of an α-Glucosidase Enzyme Conserved in Gardnerella spp. Isolated from the Human Vaginal Microbiome.

Gardnerella spp. in the vaginal microbiome are associated with bacterial vaginosis, in which a lactobacillus-dominated community is replaced with mixed bacteria, including Gardnerella species. Co-occurrence of multiple Gardnerella species in the vaginal environment is common, but different species are dominant in different women. Competition for nutrients, including glycogen, could play an important role in determining the microbial community structure. Digestion of glycogen into products that can be taken up and further processed by bacteria requires the combined activities of several enzymes…

[China prime diet quality score].

OBJECTIVE: To Develop the China Prime Diet Quality Score(CPDQS) and evaluate the relationship between dietary quality and health-related out … the values of each CPDQS components were set according to the dietary recommendations of foods and nutrients. According to the recommended amount of all kinds of foods under energy requirements of 2000 kcal in the Balanced Diet Pagoda, the basic score for each kind of food was 0-4, and the total score of the 22 components ranges from 0 to 100. Dietary qual …

Impact of wastewater on the microbial diversity of periphyton and its tolerance to micropollutants in an engineered flow-through channel system.

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play an important role in retaining organic matter and nutrients but to a lesser extent micropollutants. Therefore, treated wastewater is recognized as a major source of multiple stressors, including complex mixtures of micropollutants. These can potentially affect microbial communities in the receiving water bodies and the ecological functions they provide. In this study, we evaluated in flow-through channels the consequences of an exposure to a mixture of stream water and different percentages of urban WWTP effluent, ranging from 0% to 80%, on the microbia…

Is Supplementation with Micronutrients Still Necessary during Pregnancy? A Review.

INTRODUCTION: Proper nutrition during pregnancy is important to prevent nutritional imbalances that interfere with pregnancy. Micronutrients play critical roles in embryogenesis, fetal growth, and maternal health, as energy, protein, vitamin, and mineral needs can increase during pregnancy. Increased needs can be met by increasing the intake of dietary micronutrients. Severe micronutrient deficiency or excess during pregnancy can have negative effects on fetal growth (intrauterine growth retardation, low birth weight, or congenital malformations) and pregnancy development (pre-eclampsia or ges…

Assessing the Validity of the Past-Month, Online Canadian Diet History Questionnaire II Pre and Post Nutrition Intervention.

Dietary intake tools are used in epidemiological and interventional studies to estimate nutritional intake. The past-month Canadian Diet His … low-up (post-intervention). Paired sample t-tests were conducted to compare means for the following nutrients (grams and %kcal): calories, protein, carbohydrates, total fat, saturated fat, unsaturated fat and sodium. Intraclass correlation coefficients of agreement and coefficients of variation were further calculated. Chi-square tests were used to determin …

Metazoan parasite infracommunities of the dusky flounder (Syacium papillosum) as bioindicators of environmental conditions in the continental shelf of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico.

BackgroundWe assessed metrics of the metazoan parasite infracommunities of the dusky flounder (Syacium papillosum) as indicators of aquatic … of the occurrence of its parasite species and individuals were affected by environmental variables, nutrients, heavy metals and hydrocarbons at the seascape level; and (iii) to determine whether there were statistical differences between the parasite infracommunity metrics of S. papillosum from YS and those of Syacium gunteri from the Campeche Sound. Multiv …

Endocrine regulation of gut function - a role for glucagon-like peptide-1 in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome.

NEW FINDINGS: What is the topic of this review? Pathophysiological changes linked to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) include stress and immune activation, changes in gastrointestinal microbial and bile acid profiles and sensitization of extrinsic and intrinsic gut neurons. This review explores the potential role for L-cells in these pathophysiological changes. What advances does it highlight? L-cells, which secrete glucagon-like peptide-1 in response to nutrients, microbial factors, bile acids and short-chain fatty acids, may sense IBS-related changes in the luminal environment. Glucagon-like p…

Maternal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation to a vitamin B12 deficient diet normalizes angiogenic markers in the pup brain at birth.

Vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids are critical for normal brain development and function and their deficiencies during pregnancy could have adverse effects on cognitive performance in children. Our earlier studies indicate that both maternal vitamin B12 and omega-3 fatty acids influence brain development by regulating the levels of neurotrophins. Literature suggests that there exists a cross talk between neurotrophins like nerve growth factor (NGF) and angiogenic factors like vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It remains to be established whether maternal nutrients like vitamin B12 a…

Prenatal methyl mercury exposure in relation to neurodevelopment and behavior at 19 years of age in the Seychelles Child Development Study.

BACKGROUND: Fish are important sources of protein and contain a variety of nutrients, such as n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), essential for normal brain development. Nevertheless, all fish also contain methyl mercury (MeHg), a known neurotoxicant in adequate dosage. Our studies of the Seychelles Child Development Study (SCDS) Main Cohort enrolled in 1989-1990 (n=779) have found no consistent pattern of adverse MeHg effects at exposures achieved by daily fish consumption. Rather, we have observed evidence of improved performance on some cognitive endpoints as prenatal MeHg ex…

Therapeutic Response of Vitamin A, Vitamin B Complex, Essential Fatty Acids (EFA) and Vitamin E in the Treatment of Phrynoderma: A Randomized Controlled Study.

BACKGROUND: In the treatment of phrynoderma, various nutrients have been tried in different dosages and routes with variable therapeutic outcomes. AIMS: The present study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of various nutrients in the treatment of phrynoderma. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: An open label randomized controlled study was conducted in the out-patient department of Dermatology in a tertiary care hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients were divided into group of five and each patient received one of the five regimens [10 injections of Vitamin A 1 lakh units, intramuscularly (IM) o…

Interaction of endophytic microbes with legumes.

Large numbers of bacterial and fungal endophytes have been reported from different plant tissues: roots, nodules, leaves, flowers and sprouts of legumes, with numbers ranging from few to more than 150. Endophytes can accelerate seedling emergence, promote plant establishment under adverse conditions and enhance plant growth. Endophytic microbes promote plant growth by helping plants in acquiring nutrients, e.g. via nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization or iron chelation, by preventing pathogen infections via antifungal or antibacterial agents, by outcompeting pathogens for nutrients by s…

Ecosystem consequences of cyanobacteria in the northern Baltic Sea.

Cyanobacteria of the Baltic Sea have multiple effects on organisms that influence the food chain dynamics on several trophic levels. Cyanoba … oplankton and small fish. As the decaying bloom also provides an ample source of organic carbon and nutrients for the organisms of the microbial loop, the zooplankton species capable of selective feeding may thrive in bloom conditions. Cyanobacteria also compete for nutrients with other primary producers and change the nitrogen (N): phosphorus (P) balance o …

Enteral versus parenteral nutrition for acute pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis creates a catabolic stress state promoting a systemic inflammatory response and nutritional deterioration. Adequate supply of nutrients plays an important role to ensure optimum recovery. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has been the standard practice for providing exogenous nutrients to patients with severe acute pancreatitis. However, recent data suggest that enteral nutrition (EN) is feasible. Thus, a comparison of EN and TPN in patients with acute pancreatitis needs to be made. OBJECTIVES: To compare the effect of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) versus ente…

Role of amino acids in stimulation of postprandial insulin, glucagon, and pancreatic polypeptide in humans.

Protein-rich meals stimulate secretion of insulin, glucagon, and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) from the endocrine pancreas. On the one hand, t … bution to glucagon release can only be roughly estimated at 30-60%. The contribution of circulating nutrients to the greater insulin response after the protein-carbohydrate meal was comparable (60%), while the attenuated glucagon response can be ascribed almost completely to the effect of circulating nutrients. In conclusion, the present data demonstrate th …

Design and evaluation by nitrogen balance and blood aminograms of an amino acid mixture for total parenteral nutrition of adults with gastrointestinal disease.

This study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of an amino acid mixture formulated for intravenous use from estimates of requirements for … l disease, fed intravenously for 1 wk at each of three levels of amino acid intake, while all other nutrients were constant and adequate in relation to body weight. Four of the patients were then fed 1.0 g/kg of egg or meat protein orally for 1 wk at the end of the 3 wk study, while all nutrients other than the amino acids were fed intravenously. Average ni …

Vitamin B12 deficiency presenting as intestinal pseudo-obstruction in short bowel syndrome: A case report.

Bowel obstruction and nutrient deficiencies are commonly encountered complications seen during follow-up of patients with short bowel syndrome. It is rare to see vitamin B12 deficiency among micronutrient deficits. The onset of B12 deficiency can be insidious, with autonomic features preceding other symptoms. In this study, we report a case in which vitamin B12 deficiency presented with intestinal dysmotility mimicking mechanical bowel obstruction.

[The morphologic characteristics of microscopic fungi of genus coccidioides].

The morphologic characteristics of microscopic fungi of genus Coccidioides under cultivation in nutrient mediums are studied. It is demonstrated that filamentous form of agents of coccidioidomycosis is characterized by significant polymorphism of macro- and micromorphologic signs on different stages of development ofagar culture. But C. immitis and C. posadasii have no species' differences. The dynamics of development of coccidioidomycosis strains in microcultures is analyzed as well as the intensity of sporification. The forms and sizes of arthroconidiae are also established.

[Analysis of actual nutrition and energy expenditure in patients with circulatory system diseases in remission].

Actual nutrition assessment in overweight patients with hypertensive disease (HD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) in remission determined excess food rations in calorie content, nutrient composition imbalance, and inadequate intake of vitamins, mineral substances, and dietary fibers. This results in impaired metabolic processes. Nutrition optimization should be a constituent in the complex of maintenance therapy in patients with HD and CHD. Moreover, the patients need higher motor activity.

Nutritional treatment of obesity.

The focus of this article is nutritional strategies for weight loss. Following a review of general nutritional principles, the evidence behind specific nutritional weight-loss strategies is presented. These strategies include nutritional supplements, nutrient-limited diets, and energy-limited diets. A brief discussion of nutritional considerations relevant to other weight-loss strategies--pharmacologic, surgical, and exercise-based--is included. Specific evidence-based recommendations are presented.