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Navigating the Landscape of Exosomal microRNAs: Charting Their Pivotal Role as Biomarkers in Hematological Malignancies.

Under physiological and pathological conditions, all cells release extracellular vesicles named exosomes, which act as transporters of lipidic, protein, and genetic material from parent to recipient cells. Neoplastic cells can secrete higher number of exosomes to exert pro-tumoral effects such as microenvironmental changes, disease progression, immunosuppression and drug-resistance. This holds true for both organ-specific cancers and hematologic malignancies. One of the most important components of exosomal cargo are microRNAs which can mediate all the abovementioned effects. More specifically

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… Advanced SM includes aggressive SM (ASM), SM with associated non-mast cell hematologic neoplasm (SM-AHN), and mast cell leukemia (MCL), which has a median OS of 2 months. The eventual associated hematologic neoplasms (AHNs) derive from the myeloid lineage in 80–90% of cases. … On the other hand, further studies should be carried out to explore the role of exosomal miRNAs in the pathogenesis of SM and eventually associated hematologic neoplasms. 4.2.5. …

Реальное воздействие NVX-CoV2373 COVID-19 вакцина для иммунокомпромиссных людей в Южной Корее.

BackgroundNVX-CoV2373 - наночастица, белковая COVID-19 вакцина. Лица, страдающие от иммунокомпрометированных заболеваний, подвергаются высокому риску инфицирования и серьезных заболеваний; однако в реальном мире NVX-CoV2373 Цель настоящего исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить, являются ли данные о воздействии в МКС ограниченными. NVX-CoV2373 снижение риска SARS-CoV-2 :: инфекция и серьезные заболевания в ИМС по сравнению с лицами, не имеющими иммунокомпромиссных свойств (не связанными с ИС). Южнокорейский МКС в возрасте ≥12 лет, которые получили первичную серию, третью дозу или четвертую

A qualitative evidence synthesis of healthcare professionals' experiences and views of palliative care for patients with a haematological malignancy.

IntroductionPatients with haematological malignancies may not be receiving appropriate referrals to palliative care and continuing to have treatments in the end stages of their disease. This systematic review of qualitative research aimed to synthesise healthcare professionals' (HCPs) views and experiences of palliative care for adult patients with a haematologic malignancy.MethodsA systematic search strategy was undertaken across eight databases. Thomas and Harden's approach to thematic analysis guided synthesis on the seventeen included studies. GRADE-GRADEQual guided assessment of confidenc

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential in patients with immunoglobulin light-chain AL amyloidosis.

AbstractImmunoglobulin light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is characterized by the deposition of misfolded monoclonal free light chains, with cardiac complications accounting for patient mortality. Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) has been associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes in the general population. Its significance in AL amyloidosis remains unclear. We collected clinical information and outcome data on 76 patients with a diagnosis of AL amyloidosis who underwent deep targeted sequencing for myeloid neoplasia-associated mutations between April 2018 and August 2023. V

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… neoplasms, CHIP has been detected in 9.7% to 21.6% of patients with PC dyscrasia and 14% to 29% of patients with lymphoma. 23 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 In patients with MM and lymphoma receiving autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), CHIP presence was identified as an adverse prognostic factor. … DTA lesions are shown in the first 3 lines followed by other genes involved in hematologic neoplasms. Ten patients (13%) had >1 sample available. Eight out of 10 patients with >1 BM biopsy available had no evidence of CHIP on either biopsy. …

Blast Transformation of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Driven by Acquisition of t(8;21)(q22;q22)/RUNX1::RUNX1T1: Selecting Optimal Treatment Based on Clinical and Molecular Findings.

The advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has changed the natural history of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and the transformation from the chronic phase to the blast phase (BP) is currently an uncommon situation. However, it is one of the major remaining challenges in the management of this disease, as it is associated with dismal outcomes. We report the case of a 63-year-old woman with a history of CML with poor response to imatinib who progressed to myeloid BP-CML, driven by the acquisition of t(8;21)(q22;q22)/RUNX1::RUNX1T1. The patient received intensive chemotherapy and dasatinib,

Comprehensive understanding of the adverse effects associated with temozolomide: a disproportionate analysis based on the FAERS database.

BACKGROUND: Temozolomide, which is the standard drug for glioma treatment, has several Adverse events (AEs) in the treatment of gliomas and other tumors that are not yet fully understood. This is due to the pharmacological nature of the alkylating agent. A significant proportion of these effects have not been systematically documented or reported. METHODS: We selected data from the United States FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database from the first quarter of 2004 to the fourth quarter of 2023. Four algorithms were used for disproportionate analysis, with the objective of assessi

Real-world survival of US patients with intermediate- to high-risk myelofibrosis: impact of ruxolitinib approval.

The Janus kinase inhibitor ruxolitinib is approved for the treatment of myelofibrosis (MF) and improved overall survival (OS) versus control therapy in the phase 3 COMFORT trials. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to examine the real-world impact of ruxolitinib on OS in patients with MF. The US Medicare Fee-for-Service claims database (parts A/B/D) was used to identify patients with ≥ 1 inpatient or ≥ 2 outpatient claims with an MF diagnosis (January 2010-December 2017). Eligible patients with MF were ≥ 65 years old (intermediate-1 or higher risk based on age). Patients were divided i

Renal dysfunction, malignant neoplasms, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, and sarcopenia as key outcomes observed in a three-year follow-up study using the Werner Syndrome Registry.

Werner syndrome is an adult-onset progeria syndrome that results in various complications. This study aimed to clarify the profile and secular variation of the disease. Fifty-one patients were enrolled and registered in the Werner Syndrome Registry. Their data were collected annually following registration. A cross-sectional analysis at registration and a longitudinal analysis between the baseline and each subsequent year was performed. Pearson's chi-squared and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used. Malignant neoplasms were observed from the fifth decade of life (mean onset: 49.7 years) and we

Solitary Hepatic Plasmacytoma With IgM Monoclonal Gammopathy: A Case Report.

Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) is a rare plasma cell neoplasm that typically arises in the upper aerodigestive tract but may occur in other organs, including the liver. IgM-secreting SEPs are exceedingly rare and can be challenging to differentiate from other lymphomas with similar presentations. We report a case of a 73-year-old female who presented with fatigue and cytopenias, later found to have a large hepatic mass. Biopsy revealed a kappa-restricted plasma cell neoplasm with strong CD138, BCL2, CD20, and PAX5 expression and absence of MYD88 L265P mutation via immunohistochemis

Dietary supplement use in ambulatory cancer patients: a survey on prevalence, motivation and attitudes.

PurposePatients with cancer often believe dietary supplements (DS) such as micronutrients and botanical products to be health supporting and non-toxic despite growing concerns regarding potential pharmacological interactions. Studies on the prevalence of DS use among patients with cancer are heterogeneous and mainly conducted at university-based cancer centers. This survey focused on a particular cancer patient group treated in an ambulatory setting without regular access to professional nutritional counselling.MethodsPatients with a history of cancer or hematological malignancy were included

Everyday life following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: decline in physical symptoms within the first month and change-related predictors.

PURPOSE: Lower quality of life, especially in the physical domain (Physical-QOL), is common in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, few studies explore changes in the Physical-QOL, i.e., physical symptoms, in everyday life of patients following HSCT. The present study addresses this gap by examining patient daily physical symptoms and their predictors in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. METHODS: Physical symptoms were reported by 188 patients (56.9% men; aged 47.6 ± 13.4 years) for 28 consecutive days after post-HSCT hospital discharge. Mul

Histiocytoid giant cellulitis-like Sweet syndrome at the site of sternal aspiration: A case report and review of literature.

BackgroundGiant cellulitis-like Sweet syndrome (SS) is a rare subtype of SS, and reports of the combined histiocytoid type of pathology are scarce. Here, we report a case of SS with distinctive clinical presentations and which was difficult to distinguish from cellulitis. By sharing this case and a discussion of the related literature in detail, we aim to provide clinicians with new insights into the characteristics of histiocytoid giant cellulitis-like (HGC)-SS and the pathogenesis of SS.Case summaryA 52-year-old male was admitted after experiencing progressive fatigue for 1 mo and tongue swe

Bone marrow biopsy in geriatric patients above the age of 85 years: invaluable or unnecessary? A retrospective analysis.

Bone marrow biopsy (BMB) is a well-established diagnostic tool for various hematological, oncological, and other medical conditions. However, treatment options for geriatric patients (pts) facing these diseases are often constrained. In this single-center, retrospective analysis we assessed the diagnostic value of BMB in geriatric pts aged ≥ 85 years and examined its impact on therapeutic decisions. We examined 156 BMB procedures in 129 pts, extracting data from the electronic patient records and applying descriptive statistical methods. Nearly half of the primary diagnostic procedures (26; 44

Evaluating the psychometric properties of the simplified Chinese version of PROMIS-29 version 2.1 in patients with hematologic malignancies.

The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System 29-item Profile version 2.1 (PROMIS-29 V2.1) is a widely utilized self-reported instrument for assessing health outcomes from the patients' perspectives. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the PROMIS-29 V2.1 Chinese version among patients with hematological malignancy. Conducted as a cross-sectional, this research was approved by the Medical Ethical Committee of the Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (registration number QT

Reliability of a Novel Hematological Malignancy Specific Patient-Reported Outcome Measure: HM-PRO.

BackgroundPatients' experience of symptoms often goes undetected during consultation in an outpatient clinic, and the use of a patient-reported outcome measure (PRO) in such a setting could be useful to aid treatment decision-making. A new PRO measure, the HM-PRO (Hematological Malignancy Specific Patient-Reported Outcome Measure) has been recently developed to evaluate hematological malignancy (HM) patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and their symptom experience in daily clinical practice as well as in research. The objectives of the study were to assess: the internal consistency

Development of an Electronic Medical Record-Based Score for Heart Failure Prediction in Cancer Survivors.

BackgroundAwareness of heart failure (HF) as a long-term complication of cancer has led to an interest in HF surveillance among survivors. However, existing HF risk scores are not tailored for survivors and not designed for the use in electronic medical records (EMRs) or administrative data sets where clinical data such as blood pressure and pathology results are often unavailable.ObjectivesThe objective of the study is to develop a cancer-specific incident HF risk score suitable for screening in EMR or administrative data sets.MethodsThe cancer-specific HF prediction from EMRs in survivor hea

Secondary Neutropenias.

Neutrophils are a critical component of immunity, particularly against bacteria and other pathogens, but also in inflammation and tissue repair. As a consequence, individuals with neutropenia, defined by a reduction in absolute neutrophil counts, exhibit a strong propensity to severe infections that typically present with muted symptoms. Neutropenias encompass a heterogeneous set of disorders, comprising primary neutropenias, in which specific genes are mutated, and the more common secondary neutropenias, which have diverse non-genetic causes. These include hematological and other cancers, inv

Endothelial Function in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies Undergoing High-Dose Chemotherapy Followed by Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

The aim of the study was to examine endothelial function in patients with hematological malignancies treated with high-dose chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The studies were conducted on 43 consecutive patients qualified for HSCT following high-dose chemotherapy based on the current standards. Then, due to exclusion criteria, a group of 38 patients were chosen for further investigations. Evaluation of endothelial function by means of flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) was conducted in patients with hematological malignancies before HSCT (test A) and after HSCT (tes

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… As the endothelial dysfunction is thought to be an early change, it would be reasonable to perform a longer follow-up research in such a population of patients suffering from hematologic neoplasms treated by stem cell transplantation. …

Трансдифференциация новообразования плазменных клеток в острую миэлоидную лейкемию с моноциклическими характеристиками: сообщение о разном фенотипе с идентичным генотипом.

Myeloid malignatures после обработки опухолей плазменных клеток (PCN) встречается редко, но является серьезным осложнением, часто демонстрируя сложные кариотипы и мутации TP53. Нечасто сообщается о переходе на миелиоидную гадость с явной клональной связью. Здесь мы сообщаем об уникальном случае острой лейкемии миэлоида с моноцитической дифференциацией, которая разделяет клональные свойства с предшествующей плазменной клеточной миэломой с t (t)4;14) FGFR3:IGH. Это явление отличается от связанной с терапией миэлоидной неоплазмы, вызванной не связанным с ней клоном, и подчеркивает необходимость р

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… Fig 2 Discussion Trans-differentiation or lineage switch of hematologic neoplasms is an uncommon phenomenon and rarely reported in the context of PCN/PCM. …

A Case of Multiple Myeloma Associated with Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Gallbladder Manifesting as Acute Cholecystitis.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological malignancy that represents 1% of all cancers. MM is distinguished from other plasma cell disorders by prominent bone marrow involvement and systemic organ damage. Extramedullary plasmacytomas of the gall bladder (GB) or biliary ducts, whether solitary or in association with MM, are very rare. We report a case of a 66-year-old female with a history of refractory MM who presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Her laboratory evaluation revealed an abnormal liver panel and lactic acidosis. Abdominal ultrasonography was consistent with acu