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Targeted therapy for advanced Basal-cell carcinoma: vismodegib and beyond.

Basal-cell carcinoma is a commonly occurring skin malignancy that has the potential to progress into locally invasive or resistant disease, as well as spread distantly. Due to advances in the molecular understanding of the disease over the last two decades, it has been discovered that the Hedgehog pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease and can be exploited as a treatment target. Several agents that inhibit the Hedgehog pathway have reached clinical studies and one drug, vismodegib, has recently been US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved based on clinical a

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… Advanced BCC patients are cared for by a wide range of disciplines including dermatologists, Mohs surgeons, plastic surgeons, otolaryngologists, and radiation oncologists. With the approval of vismodegib, medical oncologists now have a larger role to play. …

Management of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer: role of dalteparin.

Cancer is a major risk factor for the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Conventional anticoagulant therapy with a vitamin K antagonist is more problematic in cancer patients due to an increased risk of recurrent VTE, and an increased risk of anticoagulant-related bleeding. In recent years, there has been a shift toward treating cancer patients with VTE with extended duration dalteparin. Dalteparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin, has been shown to be more effective, and as safe as conventional anticoagulant therapy, in cancer patients with VTE. This paper will (a) review the relatio

Drug repurposing in KRAS G12C-mutant NSCLC: a focus on resistance mechanisms and clinical strategies.

KRAS G12C-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has transitioned from a therapeutically problematic disease to a precision-targetable cancer, anchored by the landmark approvals of sotorasib and adagrasib. Yet despite these advances, responses remain limited in duration and multiple mechanisms of rapid adaptive resistance emerge under inhibitor pressure. These resistance mechanisms define a therapeutic vulnerability map that can be addressed by repurposing approved agents with established safety profiles. This review emphasises the current understanding of KRAS G12C biology, integrates upda

Chemotherapy-induced acute kidney injury: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and therapeutic approaches.

Despite significant advancements in oncology, conventional chemotherapy remains the primary treatment for diverse malignancies. Acute kidney injury (AKI) stands out as one of the most prevalent and severe adverse effects associated with these cytotoxic agents. While platinum compounds are well-known for their nephrotoxic potential, other drugs including antimetabolites, alkylating agents, and antitumor antibiotics are also associated. The onset of AKI poses substantial risks, including heightened morbidity and mortality rates, prolonged hospital stays, treatment interruptions, and the need for

Cutaneous adverse events following CAR T-cell therapy in hematologic malignancies.

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MajesTEC-3: Redefining what's possible in multiple myeloma.

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… Training programs for community oncologists must address the unique challenges of BsAbs therapy, including early recognition and management of CRS and ICANS, appropriate infection prophylaxis, and patient selection. …

Adrenocortical Carcinoma: A Challenging Diagnosis.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with aggressive behaviour and a poor prognosis. Patients can present with adrenal hormonal excess or with nonspecific symptoms driven by the presence of an abdominal mass or metastatic disease. Many are completely asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally. ACC can cause considerable morbidity and mortality, mostly due to its ability to invade surrounding tissues, produce hormones, and spread to distant organs. The authors describe a case of a 62-year-old woman who presented with subacute dorso-lumbar pain. A computed tomography (CT) scan reveal

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… This multidisciplinary team may include endocrinologists, surgeons, oncologists, pathologists and geneticists, as well as nursing and palliative care for patients and their families. …

Autologous stem cell transplantation in an older adult population.

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Factors Explaining the Coincidence of Smoldering Multiple Myeloma and Primary Biliary Cholangitis: A Case Report.

To date, there have been nine reported instances of coinciding smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). The term SMM was coined in 1980 to describe low-severity multiple myeloma cases, a hematologic neoplasia that involves the malignant proliferation of plasma cells. PBC is an autoimmune disorder targeting the intrahepatic bile ducts and is characterized by elevated anti-mitochondrial antibodies and often resulting in autoimmune liver cirrhosis. Currently, there is no plausible rationale for the coincidence of SMM and PBC in patients. This report investigates th

Posterior tibial nerve schwannoma in a multiple myeloma patient: A case report.

We report the case of a 61-year-old man with sharp pain, tender mass at the left lower one-third posterior tibial region. The patient has a 10-year history of multiple myeloma and related chemotherapy. A positron emission tomography computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging indicated the suspect of a posterior tibial nerve tumor. En bloc resection of the tumor was performed under guidance of nerve stimulator without resecting nerve trunk. Active nerve was reserved without any neuropathic pain. Histology revealed the presence of a peripheral schwannoma. In conclusion, the tibial nerve

Quality of life in cancer patients receiving palliative care.

BackgroundThe main focus of palliative care services is to improve the patient's quality of life (QOL), which is defined as the subjective evaluation of life as a whole or the patient's appraisal and satisfaction with their current level of functioning compared with what they perceive to be possible or ideal.AimsIn this prospective study we attempt to validate the Hindi version of a questionnaire designed by the functional assessment of chronic illness therapy (FACIT) measurement system; to measure the subjective QOL of cancer patients receiving home-based palliative care, determine ease of us

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… These patients are either referred by oncologists or they approach us directly. …

Caregiver burden in owners of dogs and cats undergoing anticancer therapy in a referral hospital in Hong Kong.

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and factors associated with increased caregiver burden among owners of dogs and cats undergoing anti-cancer therapy in Hong Kong.Materials and methodsClients of the oncology service of a large veterinary hospital in Hong Kong completed an online survey during real-time consultations. Caregiver burden was based on an adapted and abbreviated Zarit Burden Interview score (seven questions; up to 28 points with cut-off of ≥9 points for increased burden). Client and patient demographics, along with oncological treatment data, were collected. Data were analysed usin

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… According to the Veterinary Cancer Society, veterinary oncologist consultation fees alone cost about $125 to $250, while chemotherapy costs from $150 to $600 per dose and radiation therapy can cost up to $6000. … Leonardi , A.J. , Fulkerson , C.M. , Shields , C.G. & Childress , M.O. ( 2024 ) Veterinary oncologists and pet owners differ in their perceptions of chemotherapy‐related adverse events in cancer‐bearing dogs . Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association , 262 , 334 – 342 . …

Elective Surgical Care Pathways Are Associated With Lower Fracture Rates at Presentation and Contribute to Superior Clinical Outcomes in Metastatic Bone Disease.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Metastatic bone disease (MBD) often necessitates orthopaedic surgical intervention, which occurs through either emergent or elective care pathways. This study compared post-operative outcomes between patients undergoing elective versus emergent surgery for MBD involving the pelvis and appendicular skeleton. METHODS: We performed a retrospective, multicenter, propensity-matched cohort study of patients who underwent surgery for MBD. Emergent surgery was defined as an unplanned admission followed by unscheduled surgery, while elective surgery referred to cases with an

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… This included general orthopaedic surgeons as well as orthopaedic oncologists. … Improved care delivery in this population has received growing attention in the literature, with more than 60% of orthopaedic oncologists expressing a need for improved communication along the referral pathway [ 32 ]. …

Enhancing Adverse Event Identification and Management in Early-Phase Oncology Clinical Trials: The Emerging Role of Advanced Practice Providers.

BackgroundAdverse events (AEs) are unintended, harmful effects that occur in clinical trials, particularly in early-phase oncology clinical trials (EPOCT), where the risk of adverse effects from experimental therapies is high. Effective AE identification and management are essential for ensuring patient safety, improving outcomes, and advancing research. Advanced practice providers (APPs) play a key role in detecting and managing AEs, serving as a bridge between clinical care and research. However, their full impact on EPOCT remains underexplored.PurposeThis integrative review examines existin

Association between risk of malnutrition defined by patient-generated subjective global assessment and adverse outcomes in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ObjectiveTo assess the association between the risk of malnutrition, as estimated by the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) numerical scores, and adverse outcomes in oncology patients.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.SettingsA comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CKNI, VIP, Sinomed and Wanfang databases. Studies that examined the association between the risk of malnutrition, as estimated by the PG-SGA numerical scores, and overall survival (OS) or postoperative complications in oncology patients were included. Patients were classif

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… Sonmez O, Tezcanli E, Bas D et al. (2021) Identifying knowledge and practices regarding cancer patient malnutrition: a survey study among oncologists. Nutr Cancer 74, 2392–2399. 4. Arends J, Bachmann P, Baracos V et al. (2017) ESPEN guidelines on nutrition in cancer patients. … Muscaritoli M, Corsaro E & Molfino A (2021) Awareness of cancer-related malnutrition and its management: analysis of the results from a survey conducted among medical oncologists. Front Oncol 11, 682999. 6. …

Critical Issues for Patients and Caregivers in Neuro-Oncology during the COVID-19 Pandemic: What We Have Learnt from an Observational Study.

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic affected neuro-oncological patients and their caregivers regarding tumor care and emotional functioning, including Quality of Life (QoL). This study aimed to understand how COVID-19 affected their psychological state and the relations between patients and health personnel in neuro-oncology.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on neuro-oncological patients and their caregivers.ResultsA total of 162 patients and 66 caregivers completed the questionnaire. Altogether, 37.5% of patients perceived a greater risk of contracting COVID-19 compared to the general p

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… In our data, patients and caregivers were satisfied with the information on COVID-19 effects provided by their oncologists; in this regard, we must consider communication as a key tool to ensure the best possible care for the patients and their caregivers. … Oncologist. 2021;26:e342–e344. doi: 10.1002/onco.13604. 24. Guven D.C., Sahin T.K., Aktepe O.H., Yildirim H.C., Aksoy S., Kilickap S. Perspectives, Knowledge, and Fears of Cancer Patients About COVID-19. Front. Oncol. 2020;10:1553. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01553. 25. Schulz R., Beach S.R. …

Последствия для физического функционирования Two Лечение пациентов с множественными миеломами: экспериментальное технико-экономическое обоснование

Из-за высокой распространенности разрушения костей у пациентов с множественной миеломой (ММ) медицинские работники часто отпугивают физические упражнения. Цель этого предстоящего судебного разбирательства состояла в том, чтобы изучить возможность two six- месячное упражнение пациентов с MM (N = 42:: дистанционное вмешательство на дому в ходьбу или контролируемое учебное мероприятие по укреплению сил. Физическая функция и боль были оценены с помощью показателя деятельности по уходу за больными (AM-PAC) six- минутное испытание на ходьбу6 ВВТ), a 30-second Испытание на стоянку (испытание в сидяче

The Khorana score and venous and arterial thrombosis in patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A Danish cohort study.

BackgroundThrombosis is common among patients with cancer. Primary thromboprophylaxis guided by the Khorana score is endorsed by guidelines but recommendations rely mainly on data from patients treated with chemotherapy.ObjectivesTo explore if the Khorana score could risk stratify patients with cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors according to risk of venous and arterial thrombosis.Patients/methodsThe study population and Khorana score were defined using administrative Danish health registries. The primary outcome was 6-month risk of venous thromboembolism after initiation of check

Development and Validation of the PaP Score Nomogram for Terminally Ill Cancer Patients.

The validated Palliative Prognostic (PaP) score predicts survival in terminally ill cancer patients, assigning patients to three different risk groups according to a 30-day survival probability: group A, >70%; group B, 30−70%; and group C, <30%. We aimed to develop and validate a PaP nomogram to provide individualized prediction of survival at 15, 30 and 60 days. Three cohorts of consecutive terminally ill cancer patients were used: one (n = 519) for nomogram development and internal validation, and a second (n = 451) and third (n = 549) for external validation. Multivariate analyses included

Pattern of Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with the Use of Anticancer Drugs in an Oncology-Based Hospital of Nepal.

INTRODUCTION: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. ADRs of anticancer drugs are ubiquitous. However, in Nepal, studies on chemotherapy-induced ADRs are scarce. Thus, this study aimed to assess the ADRs associated with the use of anticancer drugs and their management along with causality assessment and severity of ADRs. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional observational and single-center study was conducted at Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital, Nepal, for 6 months. All the patients who fulfilled the study criteria were analyzed to identify

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… Proton pump inhibitors and oncologic treatment efficacy: a practical review of the literature for oncologists. Curr Oncol . 2021 ; 28 (1): 783 -99. 33546228 10.3390/curroncol28010076 PMC7985775 49. Triadafilopoulos G, Roorda AK, Akiyama J. … Can clinical pharmacists bridge a gap between medical oncologists and patients in resource-limited oncology settings? An experience in Nepal. J Oncol Pharm Pract . 2018 ; 25 (3): 765 -8. 29950148 10.1177/1078155218784734 56. Shrestha S, Khatiwada AP, Gyawali S, et al. …