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Consensus recommendations from the 2024 International Follicular Lymphoma Scientific Workshop.

AbstractFollicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Although patients with FL have high response rates to therapy, most develop increasingly resistant disease. In addition, transformation into an aggressive lymphoma is associated with unfavorable outcomes. Many novel agents are under investigation, and early clinical data are encouraging. Aligning treatment with the underlying tumor biology and sequencing of therapies remain key clinical challenges. At the Lymphoma Research Foundation's biannual 2024 Follicular Lymphoma Scientific Workshop, experts convened to di

Immunotherapeutic approaches for systemic lupus erythematosus: early overview and future potential.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease. Current SLE therapies include immunosuppressants, antimalarial drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and corticosteroids, but these treatments can cause substantial toxicities to organs and may not be effective for all patients. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the treatment of SLE using immunotherapy, including Benlysta and Saphnelo. These advances in immunotherapy hold promise for SLE patients, providing new therapeutic options that may offer better clinical benefit and effectiveness. S

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… Despite challenges in creating appropriate models for biologics, organoids derived from tissue-specific progenitor cells of SLE patients, such as kidney and skin tissue, show promise for understanding SLE mechanisms [ 77 , 106 ]. … Stein MC Braun F Krebs CF Bunders MJ Kidney organoid systems for studies of immune-mediated kidney diseases: challenges and opportunities Cell Tissue Res 2021 385 457 73 10.1007/s00441-021-03499-4 34309728 PMC8310776 107. …

Exploration of the Use of Natural Compounds in Combination with Chemotherapy Drugs for Tumor Treatment.

Currently, chemotherapy is the main treatment for tumors, but there are still problems such as unsatisfactory chemotherapy results, susceptibility to drug resistance, and serious adverse effects. Natural compounds have numerous pharmacological activities which are important sources of drug discovery for tumor treatment. The combination of chemotherapeutic drugs and natural compounds is gradually becoming an important strategy and development direction for tumor treatment. In this paper, we described the role of natural compounds in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs in synergizing, reduci

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… Kazuhiro Koikawa et al. found that Pin1 was highly expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), and that Pin1 inhibitor synergized with PD1 inhibitor αPD1 to promote apoptosis and significantly reduce tumor growth in human and KPC PDAC-like organoids in GDA mice … Identification of solamargine as a cisplatin sensitizer through phenotypical screening in cisplatin-resistant NSCLC organoids Front. Pharmacol. 2022 13 802168 10.3389/fphar.2022.802168 36034794 PMC9399411 29. Gamet-Payrastre L. Li P. Lumeau S. Cassar G. Dupont M.A. Chevolleau S. Gasc N. Tulliez J. …

Molecular and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of normal stem cell radiosensitivity.

Ionizing radiation (IR) therapy is a major cancer treatment modality and an indispensable auxiliary treatment for primary and metastatic cancers, but invariably results in debilitating organ dysfunctions. IR-induced depletion of neural stem/progenitor cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus where neurogenesis occurs is considered largely responsible for deficiencies such as learning, memory, and spatial information processing in patients subjected to cranial irradiation. Similarly, IR therapy-induced intestinal injuries such as diarrhea and malabsorption are commo

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… We found Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells in ex vivo organoid cultures undergo massive apoptosis after 6 Gy irradiation while proliferative cells marked with Ki67 positivity largely comprised of SSEA1-negative non-stem cells in the same organoids showed greater radioresistance 30 . …

Unraveling the advances of non-coding RNAs on the tumor microenvironment: innovative strategies for cancer therapies.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial molecules that do not encode proteins but play roles in regulating various biological processes. Recent research highlights that ncRNAs not only control gene expression within cells but also facilitate intercellular communication via exosomes and other carriers. This function is vital in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Our review covers the structure and functions of different ncRNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). We examine how these ncRNAs influence tumor initiation and progression. Additionall

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… Additionally, the study demonstrated the potential of using human liver organoids derived and cultured from HBV-infected patients as a research platform. … These organoids are not only capable of supporting HBV infection and replication but can also be utilized for drug screening, such as the effective inhibition of HBV replication by Tenofovir. …

Adipocyte-Tumor Interactions in the Bone Marrow Niche: Implications for Metastasis and Therapy.

Bone metastases continue to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with advanced cancers, driven by the dynamic remodeling of the bone marrow niche. Traditionally viewed as passive space-fillers, bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) are now recognized as active regulators of tumor growth, therapeutic resistance, and skeletal pathology. BMAs comprise a significant portion of the adult marrow space, particularly in aging and obesity, and facilitate metastatic colonization through various mechanisms. These include metabolic coupling, where adipocyte-derived fatty acids fuel tumor oxidat

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… D Adipocyte–Bone Organoids These advanced models incorporate BMAs, tumor cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and extracellular matrix components (e.g., collagen, hydroxyapatite) to recapitulate the bone marrow microenvironment. … In vitro models (2D co-cultures, 3D organoids, bone-on-a-chip) offer mechanistic insights but oversimplify the bone marrow niche. …

Colorectal Cancer at the Crossroads: The Good, the Bad, and the Future of Platinum-Based Drugs.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health challenge, ranking third in incidence and second in mortality among cancers worldwide. This review addresses the complex landscape of CRC, focusing on incidence, mortality trends, preventive strategies, and the evolving therapeutic approaches, particularly highlighting the role of platinum-based drugs like oxaliplatin (OXP). It also underscores the increasing burden of CRC, with factors such as westernized diets, aging populations, and genetic predispositions contributing to its prevalence. Therapeutically, early detection greatly enh

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… which influence drug sensitivity. 9 3D CRC-on-a-Chip and Bioprinted Models 3D culture | source material | description | applications | ref spheroids | commercial cell lines | culture of aggregated cells that do not adhere to any culture substrate | drug screening | , , − patient-derived tumoroids or organoids … large 3D cultures (determination of hypoxia by expression of hypoxia induced factors (HIF) | , − | hypoxia induces metabolic rewiring that promotes tumor survival | hypoxic chambers | | hypoxic conditions activate pro-tumor progression signaling pathways | | These 3D models, such as spheroids and organoids …

Stem cell revolution: bridging the gap between research and clinical application.

Stem cells are characterized by their capacity for self-renewal and their potential for multi-directional differentiation, enabling them to develop into various functional tissues and organs under specific conditions. Their applications hold considerable promise, and the market for stem cell products is progressively expanding. Internationally, several stem cell products have received approval for market release; however, in China, the field remains largely undeveloped, presenting substantial opportunities for growth. Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in stem cell research,

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… Stem cell-based therapies may be able to fundamentally cure diabetes, such as transplantation of islet cells or islet organoids derived from stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells/induced PSCs for the treatment of diabetes, etc., which provides new treatment ideas for the disease [ 70 , 71 ]. … PAX6-positive microglia evolve locally in hiPSC-derived ocular organoids. Stem Cell Rep. 2022;17:221–30. 102. Neaverson A, Andersson MHL, Arshad OA, Foulser L, Goodwin-Trotman M, Hunter A, Newman B, Patel M, Roth C, Thwaites T, et al. …

Overview of Ayurveda and Ashwagandha: Bioactive Phytochemicals and Potential Applications to Gliomas.

Ayurveda is the traditional medical system of India and has been in use for more than 5000 years. The focus of Ayurveda is to maintain harmony and balance of the three Doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha), or life forces, that govern the physiology and health of each individual. Ashwagandha is considered one of the most useful plants in the Ayurvedic system for various illnesses, including cancer. Ethnopharmacological and phytochemical analyses have been elucidating the bioactive compounds in ashwagandha that mediate the anti-cancer effects. The most bioactive compounds appear to be the withanolides, i

SUMOylation and NEDDylation in Primary and Metastatic Cancers to Bone.

Post-translational modifications comprise series of enzymatically-driven chemical modifications, virtually involving the entire cell proteome, that affect the fate of a target protein and, in turn, cell activity. Different classes of modifications can be established ranging from phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, methylation, lipidation and their inverse reactions. Among these, SUMOylation and NEDDylation are ubiquitin-like multi-enzymatic processes that determine the bound of SUMOs and NEDD8 labels, respectively, on defined amino acidic residues of a specific protein

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… PIAS1 triggers SUMOylation of the transcriptional regulator SnoN, which mediates the ability of PIAS1 to suppress the invasive growth of three-dimensional BC cell-derived organoids. … PIAS3, through the SUMOylation of the ubiquitin E3 ligase Smurf2, suppresses the invasiveness of BC cell-derived organoids; these data are important and deserve to be investigated as the SUMOylation of PIAS3-Smurf2 could suppress the invasion and metastasis of BC. …

Current strategies for armoring chimeric antigen receptor T-cells to overcome barriers of the solid tumor microenvironment.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is a transformative immunotherapeutic approach, yet its application in solid tumors is hindered by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME restricts T-cell trafficking, impairs effector functions, and promotes exhaustion through soluble factors, metabolic stress, and suppressive cell populations. Recent efforts to enhance CAR T-cell efficacy have focused on armoring strategies that 'reprogram' and 'boost' T-cell responses within the TME. These include engineered expression of dominant-negative receptors or cytokine-releasing co

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… Notably, the FAP-targeted scFv used in this study did not cross-react with murine FAP, a challenge that the authors navigated by using several preclinical models, including patient-derived organoids with patient-matched CAFs, to characterize the armored CAR T-cells ( 128 ). … Alternative platforms, such as canine ( 208 ), zebrafish ( 209 ), and patient-derived tumor organoid models ( 128 , 210 ), offer additional insights, but are not widely adopted or accessible. …

Association of type 1 stiff-person syndrome and insulinoma: a case report and narrative review.

INTRODUCTION: Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is a rare neurological disorder that causes progressive muscle rigidity, gait disturbances, and functional impairment; type 1 is autoimmune, with positive anti-GAD antibodies (Ab), while type 2 is paraneoplastic and associated with antiamphiphysin Ab. CASE PRESENTATION: A 41-year-old man with a silent medical history presented with stiffness and functional impairment; after numerous rheumatological and neurological investigations, he was diagnosed with SPS, with evidence of high titer anti-GAD Ab. After treatment with benzodiazepines was started, the

Targeting Cancer Through Thymoquinone: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Prospects.

Thymoquinone (TQ), the active compound in Nigella sativa (black seed), has shown promising effects against cancer in many laboratory studies. In this review, we explore how TQ works on different aspects of cancer, from stopping cancer cell growth and spread, to triggering cancer cell death, reducing inflammation, and helping the immune system fight back. We also highlight how TQ may overcome one of the biggest problems in cancer treatment-chemoresistance. When used together with common treatments like chemotherapy, radiation, or immunotherapy, TQ has been shown to improve their effects and red

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… Another study assessed the combination of TQ with ionizing radiation in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) culture models derived from HCT116 and HT29 CRC cells, and in patient-derived organoids (PDOs). … It also decreased organoid forming ability of PDOs [ 45 ]. Collectively, these findings underscore TQ’s potential as a radiosensitizer that selectively targets cancer cells without harming normal tissue. 7.3. …

RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS OF THE 34th ECVIM-CA CONGRESS.

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… of an in‐clinic point‐of‐care cortisol immunoassay for dogs with hypoadrenocorticism ESVE‐O‐13 | 12.05‐12.20 | Da Silva | Potential factors that influence adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test results in suspect addisonian dogs ESVE‐O‐14 | 12.20‐12.35 | van den Berg | Canine pheochromocytoma organoids …

Drug Combinations as a First Line of Defense against Coronaviruses and Other Emerging Viruses.

The world was unprepared for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and remains ill-equipped for future pandemics. While unprecedented strides have been made developing vaccines and treatments for COVID-19, there remains a need for highly effective and widely available regimens for ambulatory use for novel coronaviruses and other viral pathogens. We posit that a priority is to develop pan-family drug cocktails to enhance potency, limit toxicity, and avoid drug resistance. We urge cocktail development for all viruses with pandemic potential both in the short term (<1 to 2 years) and longer term wi

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… For respiratory viruses, this should include lung cell models such as Calu3 as well as a three-dimensional (3D) culture such as lung organoids or primary human airway epithelial cells at an air-liquid interface. … A CRISPR/Cas9 genetically engineered organoid biobank reveals essential host factors for coronaviruses. Nat Commun 12:5498. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25729-7. 116. Ianevski A, Giri AK, Aittokallio T. 2020. SynergyFinder 2.0: visual analytics of multi-drug combination synergies. …

Modulation of miR-204 and miR-375 Expression by Flavonoid Chrysin Treatment During Melphalan-Induced Histopathological Damage in Adult Rat Skin and Hair Tissue.

Chemotherapy-induced skin and hair follicle damage, driven in part by miRNAs such as miR-204 and miR-375 that regulate apoptosis and autophagy after alkylating agent exposure, significantly impacts patient quality of life. While chrysin-a common food-derived flavonoid and nutritional bioactive with antioxidant and cytoprotective properties-has shown potential to modulate miRNA activity, its role in melphalan-induced injury and associated miRNA expression remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of melphalan on skin and hair follicle integrity in rats, focusing on miR-204 and miR-37

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… Future work should employ skin organoids with miRNA mimics/antagomiRs, evaluate chrysin nanoformulations for improved bioavailability, and assess tumor efficacy interactions. …

Curcumin Rewires the Tumor Metabolic Landscape: Mechanisms and Clinical Prospects.

Metabolic reprogramming is a fundamental hallmark and a key driver of malignant tumors. By reshaping glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, as well as mitochondrial function, it sustains the abnormal proliferation and survival of tumor cells, making it a crucial target for anti-tumor therapy. Curcumin, a natural multi-target compound, exhibits unique advantages in intervening in tumor metabolic reprogramming due to its low toxicity and broad-spectrum regulatory properties. In various tumor models, it can directly modulate the activity of key glycolytic enzymes, such as hexokinase 2, lactat

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… fluctuated significantly | [ 130 ] MDA-MB-453, MCF-7, mouse model | Amino acid metabolism, Ferroptosis | promote SLC1A5 dependent glutamine uptake enhancement, synergistically inhibit FTH and GPx4, and activate ACSL4 and NOX1, forming a multi-target ferroptosis induction network | [ 101 ] Curcumin | CRC | organoid … In CRC organoids, curcumin treatment led to substantial changes in the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, as well as in the metabolic pathways of nicotinic acid and nicotinamide [ 131 ]. …

The role of B2M in cancer immunotherapy resistance: function, resistance mechanism, and reversal strategies.

Immunotherapy has emerged as a preeminent force in the domain of cancer therapeutics and achieved remarkable breakthroughs. Nevertheless, the high resistance has become the most substantial impediment restricting its clinical efficacy. Beta-2 microglobulin (B2M), the light chain of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, plays an indispensable part by presenting tumor antigens to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) for exerting anti-tumor effects. Accumulating evidence indicates that B2M mutation/defect is one of the key mechanisms underlying tumor immunotherapy resistance. Therefore, eluci

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… sequencing; CRC, Colorectal cancer; TMB, Tumor mutational burden; QIF, Quantitative immunofluorescence; DSP, Digital spatial profiling; WGS, Whole genome sequencing; STAD, Stomach adenocarcinoma; UCEC, Uterus corpus endometrium carcinoma; COAD, Colorectal adenocarcinoma; PDTOs, Patient-derived tumor organoids … Subsequently, they established two patient-derived tumor organoid cell lines and generated B2M knockout (B2M KO) cell lines using CRISPR technology. …

Специфические сети miRNA-mRNA в серой и белой материи из прогрессивных множественных склерозов.

ЦЕЛЬ: Множественный склероз (MS) — нейродегенеративное демиелинирующее заболевание центральной нервной системы. Цель этого исследования заключалась в выявлении сетей регулирования микро-РНК (миРНК)-мРНК, лежащих в основе региональных молекулярных механизмов в белой материи и повреждения серы в прогрессивных MS. МЕТОДЫ: Глобальное miRNA и mRNA профилирование выражений ранее проводилось на белых и серых тканях, поврежденных после смерти прогрессивных умов MS. Эти наборы данных были интегрированы с помощью анализа Ингенитетных путей (ИПА) для выявления обогащенных канонических путей на основе экс

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… Martire , et al., “ Spatially‐Restricted Inflammation‐Induced Senescent‐Like Glia in Multiple Sclerosis and Patient‐Derived Organoids ,” Nature Communications 16 , no. 1 ( 2025 ): 8477 . 10.1038/s41467-025-63371-9 PMC12475462 41006208 40 C. Hetz and S. …

Combating Methotrexate Resistance in Cancer Treatment: A Review on Navigating Pathways and Enhancing Its Efficacy With Fat-Soluble Vitamins.

Methotrexate (MTX), a potent analogue and antagonist of folic acid, is a first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, IBD and cancer. The development of MTX resistance contributes to the reduced efficacy and development of adverse reactions, forcing clinicians to withdraw treatment early. This drawback requires combinational approaches to combat the resistance and enhance the efficacy and safety of MTX. To provide a brief overview of MTX resistance and strategies to mitigate its aftereffects in cancer therapy, a literature-based search was conducted using keywords such as cancer pathology, M

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… Interestingly, metformin enhances the hepatocarcinoma organoid responsiveness to MTX without harming organoids produced from normal liver tissue, highlighting DHFR as a possible target for therapy to overcome hepatocarcinoma resistance [ 53 ]. …