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Establishment and maintenance of the innate antiviral response to West Nile Virus involves both RIG-I and MDA5 signaling through IPS-1.

RIG-I and MDA5, two related pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), are known to be required for sensing various RNA viruses. Here we investigated the roles that RIG-I and MDA5 play in eliciting the antiviral response to West Nile virus (WNV). Functional genomics analysis of WNV-infected fibroblasts from wild-type mice and RIG-I null mice revealed that the normal antiviral response to this virus occurs in two distinct waves. The initial response to WNV resulted in the expression of interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 3 target genes and IFN-stimulated genes, including several subtypes of alpha IF

Comparisons between oral pulse alfacalcidol therapy and daily therapy in maintenance hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism: a randomized, controlled, and multicenter study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of 1alpha-(OH)-D3 high-dose pulse therapy or daily low-dose therapy in secondary hyperthyroidism in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China. METHODS: Maintenance hemodialysis patients of both gender with intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level above 200 pg/mL were randomly divided into a pulse group and a daily group. They were treated for 20 weeks, with 2 microg oral Alfacalcidol twice weekly or thrice weekly in the pulse group, and 0.5 microg oral Alfacalcidol per day in the daily group. The therapeutic end point was parathyroid hormone l…

Necator americanus: maintenance through one hundred generations in golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). I. Host sex-associated differences in hookworm burden and fecundity.

The human hookworm Necator americanus was maintained through one hundred generations in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). The parasite strain employed here was ultimately adapted to hamsters without the requirement for exogenous steroids or other immunosuppressive agents. Moreover, there was no requirement to use neonatal hamsters--successful infections were obtained in 9- to 10-week-old hamsters infected subcutaneously with 250 hookworm larvae. This unique adaptation of N. americanus to hamsters permits its use for purposes of anthelminthic drug and vaccine development.

Functional role of pX open reading frame II of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in maintenance of viral loads in vivo.

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and is associated with a variety of immune-mediated disorders. The role of four open reading frames (ORFs), located between env and the 3' long terminal repeat of HTLV-1, in mediating disease is not entirely clear. By differential splicing, ORF II encodes two proteins, p13(II) and p30(II), both of which have not been functionally defined. p13(II) localizes to mitochondria and may alter the configuration of the tubular network of this cellular organelle. p30(II) localizes to the nucleolus and shares homology with t

Human T-cell leukemia virus infection of human hematopoietic progenitor cells: maintenance of virus infection during differentiation in vitro and in vivo.

Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1) is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia and lymphoma and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy-tropical spastic paraparesis. We examined whether HTLV could productively infect human hematopoietic progenitor cells. CD34+ cells were enriched from human fetal liver cells and cocultivated with cell lines transformed with HTLV-1 and -2. HTLV-1 infection was established in between 10 and >95% of the enriched CD34+ cell population, as demonstrated by quantitative PCR analysis. HTLV-1 p19 Gag expression was also detected in infected hematopoietic progenitor c

Long-term follow-up of a CHOP-based regimen with maintenance therapy and central nervous system prophylaxis in lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) conducted a phase II trial in adult patients with lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Thirty … psed (39%). CNS relapse occurred in three patients. All patients who entered a CR were treated with maintenance CHOP, cytosine arabinoside (AraC), and methotrexate and subsequently with Ara-C and methotrexate. Life-threatening leukopenia or thrombocytopenia was experienced in 69% of patients in the induction phase and in 70% in the maintenance phase. Nineteen …

RUDER--a prospective, two-year, multicenter study of risk factors for duodenal ulcer relapse during maintenance therapy with ranitidine. RUDER Study Group.

In a prospective study of the risk factors for duodenal ulcer relapse during maintenance (150 mg daily) ranitidine therapy, 1899 patients with chronic ulcer disease were recruited to a multicenter, German trial. Healing of all ulcers was confirmed endoscopically; endoscopy was also obligatory after one and two years or if the patients presented in the interim with symptoms of ulcer relapse. By the end of the first year, 247 patients had experienced at least one relapse and, by the end of the second year, 432 patients had relapsed at least once. The crude one- and two-year relapse rates were 13…

Single inhaler combination inhaled corticosteroid-formoterol as both maintenance and reliever (SMART) compared with a step up of treatment with fixed-dose inhaled corticosteroid-long-acting β2-agonist maintenance with a short-acting β2-agonist as reliever in adolescents and adults with poorly controlled asthma in Colombia: a cost-utility analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine the cost-utility of single inhaler combination inhaled corticosteroid and a long-acting β2-agonist (ICS/LABAs) as both maintenance and reliever (SMART) compared with a step-up maintenance treatment with a fixed medium to high dose of ICS combined with LABA and a short-acting β2-agonist (SABA) as reliever (ICS-LABA maintenance plus SABA) among patients aged 12 years or more with poorly controlled asthma in Colombia. METHODS: A Markov-type model was developed to estimate the costs and health outcomes of a simulated cohort of patients aged…

Elucidating the coordination of mitochondrial maintenance, functional preservation and glycolytic metabolism in H2O2-induced beef color stability: an integrated proteomic and biochemical investigation.

This study investigated the dose-dependent effects of exogenous H2O2 (300, 500, and 1000 μmol/L) on color stability, mitochondrial function, … network. These findings suggest a previously unrecognized adaptive mechanism coupling mitochondrial maintenance, functional preservation, and glycolytic flux regulation under oxidative stress.

Social determinants of health as predictors of latent symptom clusters in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: A secondary analysis of the HOPE consortium randomized trial.

The aims of this study were to characterize symptom clusters and examine the influence of social determinants of health (SDOH) on symptom cluster membership among people receiving maintenance hemodialysis and experiencing chronic pain. This study utilized baseline data collected from the 643 patients enrolled in the HOPE Consortium Trial designed to test the efficacy of an intervention to reduce chronic pain. Latent profile analyses were performed to characterize symptom clusters. SDOH variables were collected using self-report and the Census Geocoder. Five distinct clusters of symptoms were i…

Clinical Profile and Short-Term Outcomes of Patients With Intradialytic Hypertension Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction Intradialytic hypertension (IDH) is an underrecognized complication during hemodialysis that has been associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality. Prospective studies from tertiary centers in developing countries are limited. The present study was carried out to assess the incidence of IDH and its association with demographic and clinical characteristics and short-term outcomes among patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis. Materials and methods In this prospective cohort study, 103 adult patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis were followed fo…

Predictors of Efficacy Maintenance After Vunakizumab Discontinuation in Patients With Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Efficacy cannot be maintained in some psoriasis patients after biological discontinuation. This study aimed to explore predictors of efficacy maintenance after vunakizumab discontinuation in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. METHODS: This post hoc analysis used data from a phase III trial (NCT04839016); 291 patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis who achieved 100% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score at Week 52 were enrolled. Efficacy maintenance was defined as patients who maintained PASI 90 or PASI 100 after 20 weeks of vunakiz…

Biotin Deficiency Alters the Expression Profile of Colonic microRNAs: Possible Contribution to the Alterations in Expression of Proteins Involved in the Maintenance of Colonic Physiology and Inflammation.

Background/Objectives: Biotin plays important roles in critical metabolic reactions and also contributes to the regulation of gene expression. While its role in regulating gene expression via transcriptional/epigenetic mechanisms is well established, little is known about its ability to regulate expression at the post-transcriptional level. Methods: To address this, we examined how biotin deficiency affects microRNAs (miRNAs) expression in the colon, a tissue that is impacted by deficiency of this micronutrient. Results: We identified (by miRNA sequencing) 26 miRNAs whose expression was signif

Thyroid function status and heterogeneity of efficacy of maintenance cognitive stimulation in late-life dementia: a stratified observational study of subclinical hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) and its maintenance phase (MCST) can benefit dementia. We evaluated treatment-effect heterogeneity by euthyroid versus subclinical hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism during the 16-week maintenance period following CST. METHODS: We conducted a prospective single-center cohort embedded in routine CST to MCST. All entrants to 7-week CST were assessed at baseline/8/16/24 weeks. Sixteen-week MCST occurred per usual care. Baseline TSH/FT4/FT3 are classified as euthyroid, subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), or hyperthyroidism (SHyper). Co-primary outcomes we…

Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.) Extract as a Natural Preservative for Rabbit Meat: Inhibition of Lipid and Protein Oxidation and Maintenance of Myofibrillar Protein Functionality.

This study investigated the effects of honeysuckle extract (HE) on the oxidative stability, storage quality, and myofibrillar protein functionality of raw rabbit meat during a 5-day storage period at 4 °C. Raw rabbit meat was treated with HE (1-7% w/v; HE1-HE7) or deionized water (control) and stored for 5 days. pH and color parameters were analyzed, lipid and protein oxidation profile of raw rabbit meat were investigated, and the physicochemical characteristics of rabbit myofibrillar protein (MP) were analyzed. Results showed that HE treatment significantly decreased the levels of TBARS, TVB-

Analysis of the efficacy and safety of the IVD/EM maintenance regimen as post-remission treatment for adult patients with T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the efficacy and safety of ifosfamide + vincristine + dexamethasone/etoposide + mitoxantrone (IVD/EM) regimen as maintenance therapy in adult patients with T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia (T-LBL/ALL). A total of 53 patients with T-LBL/ALL were enrolled, with a median age of 27 (range, 18-73) years and a male-to-female ratio of 2.5:1. Compared with the transplantation group, the 1‑, 3‑, and 5‑year progression‑free survival (PFS) rates in the alternating maintenance group were 77.8% vs 71.4%, 66.7% vs 64.8% and 58.3% vs 60.7%, respectively; the 1‑, 3‑, and 5‑year ove…

Bone turnover markers in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in remission: a cross-sectional comparison of anti-TNFα therapy with conventional maintenance therapy.

INTRODUCTION: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are associated with increased risk of bone loss due to chronic inflammation, nutritional deficiencies, and pharmacological treatment. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and selected bone turnover markers in IBD patients in clinical and endoscopic remission, treated with conventional therapy or anti-TNF-α agents. METHODS: This single-center study included 100 participants: 35 with CD, 37 with UC, and 28 age-matched healthy controls. Patients I

Effects of Ramadan Fasting on Intradialytic Hypoglycemia and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Diabetes on Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study in Southern Thailand.

BACKGROUND: Patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and diabetes undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD) may be at increased risk of metabolic disturbances and intradialytic complications during Ramadan fasting. However, evidence regarding the safety of fasting in this population remains limited. This study evaluated the association between Ramadan fasting and intradialytic hypoglycemia and other clinical outcomes. METHODS: This multicenter prospective cohort study included 153 patients with ESKD and diabetes undergoing maintenance HD at four centers in Thailand during the pre-Ramadan …

Изменяющийся ландшафт терапии обслуживания в новой диагностированной миеломе: систематический обзор с сетевым мета-анализом европейской сети " Миелома " (ЕМН).

Мы провели всеобъемлющий обзор мета- и сетевого метаанализа исследований в области терапии. Леналидомид, протеиновые ингибиторы, а также CD38 антитела улучшили выживание без прогрессирования (PFS). Вместе с тем общее пособие по выживанию (ОС) появилось только при наличии линалидомида у пациентов, имеющих право на трансплантацию (ТЕ), в то время как CD38-directed Терапия показала тенденцию к улучшению ОС, не наблюдаемой с протеаозными ингибиторами. Сетевой метаанализ расценил режим против наблюдения: Daratumumumab-lenalidomide (DR) получил наибольшую пользу от PFS, за которым последовали карфил

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
We performed a comprehensive review with meta- and network meta-analyzes of maintenance-therapy studies. Lenalidomide, proteasome inhibitors, and CD38 antibodies improved progression-free survival (PFS). However, overall survival (OS) benefit appeared only with lenalidomide in transplant-eligible (TE) patients, while CD38-directed therapy showed a trend towa…

Interlukin-23 inhibitors as an induction and maintenance therapy for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta‑analysis of randomized controlled trials.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Targeting the interleukin (IL)-23 axis is an emerging treatment target for ulcerative colitis (UC), with several positive randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We aim to investigate the safety and efficacy of IL-23 inhibitors for the induction and maintenance treatment of moderate to severe UC. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizing evidence from RCTs obtained from PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to August 2024. We used the fixed-effects model to report dichotomous outcomes using the risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidenc…