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Ultrasonographic diagnosis of cystitis glandularis with severe intestinal metaplasia.

This study presents the case of man who underwent ultrasonography (US) for the diagnosis and follow-up of cystitis glandularis with severe intestinal metaplasia. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because the findings of cystitis glandularis that forms a mass is relatively rare.

Hepatic but not Intestinal FBP1 Is Required for Fructose Metabolism and Tolerance.

Fructose intolerance in mammals is caused by defects in fructose absorption and metabolism. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1) is a key enzyme in gluconeogenesis, and its deficiency results in hypoglycemia as well as intolerance to fructose. However, the mechanism about fructose intolerance caused by FBP1 deficiency has not been fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that hepatic but not intestinal FBP1 is required for fructose metabolism and tolerance. We generated inducible knockout mouse models specifically lacking FBP1 in adult intestine or liver. Intestine-specific deletion of Fbp1 in a

Segmental absence of intestinal musculature in newborn: Case report.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Segmental absence of the muscularis propria intestinalis (SAIM) is a rare pathology characterized by a partial or complete absence of the intestinal musculature. Diagnosis requires histological confirmation, and treatment includes urgent laparotomy, resection of affected areas, and end-to-end anastomosis or creation of stomas. The work has been reported in line with the SCARE guideline criteria. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a 31-week preterm newborn with prenatal diagnosis of polyhydramnios and non-immune fetal ascites. Radiological tests confirmed meconium

[A Case of Small Intestinal Metastasis from Lung Cancer].

An 88-year-old man underwent thoracoscopic lower lobectomy for left lung cancer at the age of 87. Ten months later, he was examined closely for abdominal distention, frequent constipation, and anemia with a decreased Hb of 6.1 g/dL. The CT scan revealed an irregular tumor with contrast effect. The patient was diagnosed with malignant tumor of small intestine. At laparotomy, a tumor of 5 cm in diameter was found in the jejunum, and small bowel resection was done. Pathological examination revealed that the tumor was a metastasis of lung cancer. Seven months later, the patient is currently an out

Intestinal Coccidian Infections in Cancer Patients: A Case Series.

Introduction Coccidian protozoa and microsporidian fungi are opportunistic pathogens increasingly implicated in infections in immunosuppressed individuals. These parasites typically infect the intestinal epithelium, resulting in secretory diarrhea and malabsorption. The disease burden and timeline are both greater and longer among immunosuppressed patients. Therapeutic options for immunocompromised individuals are limited. As a result, we wanted to better characterize the disease course and treatment efficacy of these parasitic gastrointestinal infections. Methods We performed a single-center,

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… One study with mice demonstrated this possibility by colonizing the small intestines with a commensal strain of Cryptosporidium tyzzeri [ 26 ]. Scant evidence exists for human colonization, though. … Intestinal protozoan infections among Egyptian neutropenic patients with acute leukemia. Zaki NE, Hamed NA, Sadek NA, Mishriky RI, Abd El-Latif NF, Mikhael IL. Trop Biomed. 2021;38:50–56. doi: 10.47665/tb.38.1.009. 16. Intestinal parasites in cancer patients in the South of Brazil. …

Intestinal Microbiotas and Alcoholic Hepatitis: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Value.

Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a rapidly progressing and severe stage of alcoholic liver disease, presenting a grim prognosis. Extensive research has elucidated several underlying mechanisms that contribute to the development of AH, including metabolic alterations, immune stimulation, and intestinal dysbiosis. These pathological changes intricately intertwine during the progression of AH. Notably, recent studies have increasingly highlighted the pivotal role of alterations in the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of AH. Consequently, future investigations should place significant emphasis

Human metabolome variation along the upper intestinal tract.

Most processing of the human diet occurs in the small intestine. Metabolites in the small intestine originate from host secretions, plus the ingested exposome1 and microbial transformations. Here we probe the spatiotemporal variation of upper intestinal luminal contents during routine daily digestion in 15 healthy male and female participants. For this, we use a non-invasive, ingestible sampling device to collect and analyse 274 intestinal samples and 60 corresponding stool homogenates by combining five mass spectrometry assays2,3 and 16S rRNA sequencing. We identify 1,909 metabolites, includi

Intestinal obstruction in pregnancy-a rare presentation of uterine perforation.

BACKGROUND: Intestinal obstruction is an uncommon non-obstetric condition during pregnancy which may cause maternal and fetal mortality. Clinicians are confronted with challenges in diagnosis and treatment of intestinal obstruction due to the overlapping symptoms, concerns over radiological evaluation, and surgical risks. CASE PRESENTATION: We reported a 39-year old, gravida 7, para 2, woman who suffered from acute intestinal obstruction at 34 weeks of gestation. Ultrasonography and abdominal computed tomography were applied for intestinal obstruction diagnose. Conservative treatment was init

Untargeted metabolomics of the intestinal tract of DEV-infected ducks.

INTRODUCTION: Duck enteritis virus (DEV) mainly causes infectious diseases characterized by intestinal haemorrhage, inflammation and parenchymal organ degeneration in ducks and other poultry. However, the mechanism by which it causes intestinal damage in ducks is not well understood. Metabolomics can provide an in-depth understanding of the full complexity of the disease. METHODS: In this study, 24 clinically healthy green-shell ducks (weight 1.5 kg ± 20 g) were randomly divided into 2 groups (experimental group, 18; control group, 6). The experimental group was intramuscularly injected with

Intestinal perforation with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review.

Intestinal perforation (IP) is a rare complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and the timely diagnosis and treatment of IP are necessary to prevent death. In this study, the clinical features of IP in SLE were described in an attempt to enhance its understanding to reduce mortality. The clinical data of IP in SLE from 1984 to 2022 were retrospectively collected. A total of 18 patients were enrolled, and data on clinical symptoms, preoperative evaluation, surgical procedures, and postoperative outcomes were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The analysis included 15 females and

Ovarian metastasis in a patient with neuroendocrine tumour of the small intestine.

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Intestinal Obstruction for Anisakiasis: Surgical and Physical Therapy Treatment.

Anisakiasis, a zoonotic disease that can lead to small intestine obstruction, has seen a significant rise in Spain. The country has become the first in Europe with an annual incidence of 8000 cases, primarily due to the popularity of consuming exotic dishes of undercooked or raw fish and the impact of climate change. The clinical presentation of anisakiasis can mimic symptoms of acute appendicitis or intestinal obstruction, leading to potential misdiagnosis. This case report describes a 37-year-old patient with no significant medical history who presented abdominal distension and intense pain

The Impact of Intestinal Inflammation on Nematode's Excretory-Secretory Proteome.

Parasitic nematodes and their products are promising candidates for therapeutics against inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Two species of nematodes, the hookworm Necator americanus and the whipworm Trichuis suis, are being used in clinical treatment trials of IBD referred to as "helminth therapy". Heligmosomoides polygyrus is a well-known model for human hookworm infections. Excretory-secretory (ES) products of H. polygyrus L4 stage that developed during colitis show a different immunomodulatory effect compared to the ES of H. polgyrus from healthy mice. The aim of the study was to evaluate e

Intestinal helminths-an outlander in a case of protein losing enteropathy.

Malabsorption is the major disease burden in tropical countries. Both primary and secondary forms exist and a secondary form overshadows the primary category. Intestinal parasitic infections lead to secondary form of tropical malabsorption in both native and travelers and presentation varies from mild glossitis to severe protein losing enteropathy. The underlying condition is often masked unless an endoscopic biopsy is performed. This is followed by a histopathological examination which unravels the etiology.

Chylomicrons Regulate Lacteal Permeability and Intestinal Lipid Absorption.

BACKGROUND: Lymphatic vessels are responsible for tissue drainage, and their malfunction is associated with chronic diseases. Lymph uptake occurs via specialized open cell-cell junctions between capillary lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), whereas closed junctions in collecting LECs prevent lymph leakage. LEC junctions are known to dynamically remodel in development and disease, but how lymphatic permeability is regulated remains poorly understood. METHODS: We used various genetically engineered mouse models in combination with cellular, biochemical, and molecular biology approaches to eluci

Evaluation of Intestinal Microbiota in Children With Sickle Cell Disease.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a chronic hemolytic anemia that may be life-threatening due to multisystemic effects. Identification of the factors which affect the pathophysiology of the disease is important in reducing mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to determine gut microbial diversity in children and adolescents with SCA compared with healthy volunteers and to evaluate the clinical impact of microbiota. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 34 children and young adolescents with SCD and 41 healthy volunteer participants. The microbiome was assessed by 16S r

Macrophage metabolism in the intestine is compartment specific and regulated by the microbiota.

Intestinal macrophages play a vital role in the maintenance of gut homeostasis through signals derived from the microbiota. We previously demonstrated that microbial-derived metabolites can shape the metabolic functions of macrophages. Here, we show that antibiotic-induced disruption of the intestinal microbiota dramatically alters both the local metabolite environment and the metabolic functions of macrophages in the colon. Broad-spectrum antibiotic administration in mice increased the expression of the large neutral amino acid transporter LAT1 and accordingly, amino acid uptake. Subsequently