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Prognostic value of CA15-3, CA125, CEA in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

BackgroundTo explore the prognostic value of cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.MethodsThe data of 100 patients with breast cancer who received chemotherapy in a hospital from May 2022 to May 2024 were selected. Patients were divided into control and test groups based on different intervention methods and hospital stays. The control group receives routine nursing interventions. The test group implements exercise intervention under planned behaviour planning, with 50 cases in each

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… 0575-3 Gonzalez-Exposito R Semiannikova M Griffiths B Khan K Barber L J Woolston A et al Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer CEA expression heterogeneity and plasticity confer resistance to the CEA-targeting bispecific immunotherapy antibody cibisatamab (CEA-TCB) in patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids …

Inhibition of MALAT1 facilitates ROS accumulation via the Keap1/HO-1 pathway to enhance photodynamic therapy in secondary hyperparathyroidism.

The prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) exceeds 80 %. Our previous study indicated that photodynamic therapy (PDT) has potential for treating SHPT. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is involved in various oxidative stress and apoptotic processes, but the molecular mechanism remains unreported. In this study, we found that PDT induced apoptosis in SHPT through reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. The expression of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) within SHPT was upregulated after

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… Inhibition of autophagy with Chloroquine enhanced apoptosis induced by 5-aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy in secondary hyperparathyroidism primary cells and organoids. Biomed. pharmacotherapy. 2021;142 doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111994. 23. …

Sphingolipid metabolism and hematologic disorders: current understanding and future directions.

Sphingolipids are not only key structural components of cell membranes but also serve as important signaling molecules, and their metabolic homeostasis is essential for the maintenance of cellular functions. In recent years, with the advancement of technologies such as metabolomics, studies have revealed that sphingolipid metabolic abnormalities are extensively involved in the occurrence and development of various hematological disorders, including immune thrombocytopenia, myeloproliferative neoplasms, graft-versus-host disease, hereditary hematological diseases, and hematologic malignancies.

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… Concurrently, the integration of functional precision medicine (e. g., drug screening using patient-derived organoids) with multi-omics approaches holds promise for overcoming the limitations of traditional molecular subtyping and for providing more precise therapeutic strategies for hematological diseases …

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer: Insights Into Therapeutic Targets and Clinical Implications.

Radiation therapy is a fundamental component of cancer treatment, benefiting 50%-70% of patients by selectively targeting malignant tissues. However, radioresistance remains a significant challenge, often driven by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT increases cancer invasiveness and metastasis by upregulating mesenchymal markers, including vimentin and N-cadherin, and downregulating epithelial markers, such as E-cadherin. EMT under radiation involves principal signaling pathways, including TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, and ERK, which regulate EMT through transcription factors such as

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… Advanced tools, such as single‐cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and patient‐derived organoids, provide new insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of EMT, supporting the development of adaptive, personalized therapeutic strategies. … Research can develop a simulation of radiation‐induced EMT in real time while conserving tumor microenvironment diversity using personalized 3D organoids, tumor‐on‐a‐chip platforms, and single‐cell RNA sequencing. …

Лекарства, модифицирующие течение болезни, связаны с улучшением обонятельной функции через взаимодействие клеток NK и микробиоты при множественной склерозе.

ЦЕЛЬ: изучение связей носовой микробиоты с терапией, изменяющей заболевания (ДМТ), подмножеством лимфоцитов и функцией обоняния в множестве склерозов (МС). МЕТОДЫ: Thirty больные с синдромом MS и 30 Были приняты меры по контролю за здоровым здоровьем (ЗП) в разбивке по возрасту и полу. Пациенты были отнесены к категории пациентов, проходящих лечение по линии ДМТ (MS[DMT+]), или к категории пациентов, не прошедших лечение (MS[DMT-). Оличественная функция оценивалась с помощью теста на идентификацию запаха Пенсильванского университета (UPSIT). Подмножества лимфоцитов измерялись с помощью цитомет

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… Porcine nasal organoids to model interactions between the swine nasal microbiota and the host. Microbiome. (2025) 13(1):131. doi: 10.1186/s40168-025-02088-9. bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory). (2024) 13(1):131. doi: 10.1101/2024.08.13.606910 13. …

A Comprehensive Review of Interventional Clinical Trials in Patients with Bone Metastases.

Bone metastasis is one of the most important factors associated with poor prognosis for patients with prostate, breast, thyroid, and lung cancer. In the past two decades, 651 clinical trials, including 554 interventional trials, were being registered in ClinicalTrials.gov and pharma.id.informa.com to combat bone metastases from different perspectives. In this review, we comprehensively analyzed, regrouped, and discussed all the interventional trials on bone metastases. Clinical trials were re-grouped into bone-targeting agents, radiotherapy, small molecule targeted therapy, combination therapy

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… Drug screening and genome editing in human pancreatic cancer organoids identifies drug-gene interactions and candidates for off-label therapy. Cell Genom . 2022;2(2):100095. doi: 10.1016/j.xgen.2022.100095 76. Jinek M, Chylinski K, Fonfara I, et al. …

Biomolecular condensates as dynamic regulators of musculoskeletal homeostasis, disease, and therapeutic challenges.

Biomolecular condensates are membraneless assemblies that concentrate proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules into dynamic cellular compartments. Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is one important route by which such condensates form, particularly when multivalent interactions generate liquid-like, reversible assemblies. However, not every condensate or disease-associated assembly should be explained solely by LLPS. In the musculoskeletal system, condensates have been linked to transcription, signal transduction, RNA metabolism, stress responses, tissue development, homeostasis, an

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… Second, more clinically relevant models, such as patient-derived organoids or orthotopic metastasis models, are needed to validate condensate-targeted therapies. Advancing these efforts will help connect mechanistic studies of condensates to precision treatment strategies. …

Gene editing and CRISPR in the clinic: current and future perspectives.

Genome editing technologies, particularly those based on zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat DNA sequences)/Cas9 are rapidly progressing into clinical trials. Most clinical use of CRISPR to date has focused on ex vivo gene editing of cells followed by their re-introduction back into the patient. The ex vivo editing approach is highly effective for many disease states, including cancers and sickle cell disease, but ideally genome editing would also be applied to diseases whic

Abstracts of the 19th International Congress on Neuromuscular Diseases 7th – 11th July 2026

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Emerging Research and Future Directions on Doxorubicin: A Snapshot.

Doxorubicin, a widely used anthracycline antibiotic, has been a cornerstone in cancer chemotherapy since the 1960s. In addition to doxorubicin, anthracycline chemotherapy medications include daunorubicin, idarubicin, and epirubicin. For many years, doxorubicin has been the chemotherapy drug of choice for treating a broad variety of cancers. Despite its efficacy, doxorubicin therapy is hindered by serious side effects, primarily cardiotoxicity, and the challenges of drug resistance. Recent research has focused on optimizing doxorubicin's therapeutic index by developing cardioprotective strategi

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… Three-dimensional cancer models, patient-derived xenografts (PDX), and organoids better simulate the tumor microenvironment and predict medication response. …

Application of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells in the Treatment of Hematological Malignancies.

T cell immune protection plays a pivotal role in the treatment of patients with hematological malignancies. However, T cell exhaustion might lead to the possibility of immune escape of hematological malignancies. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells can restore the activity of exhausted T cell through reprogramming and is widely used in the treatment of relapsed/refractory (r/r) hematological malignancies. Of note, CD19, CD20, CD30, CD33, CD123, and CD269 as ideal targets have shown extraordinary potential for CAR-T cell therapy and other targets such as C

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… Restoration aims to reverse the degeneration of thymus by the combination of bioengineered thymus organoids and growth-promoting factors or cytokines such as IL-21, which may restore and stabilize the thymus environment. …

Targeting Metal Ion Homeostasis for Regulated Cell Death-Amplified Tumor Nanomedicine.

Amidst escalating global health challenges, neoplastic diseases remain a predominant cause of morbidity and mortality, exerting complex and far-reaching effects on human health and societal well-being. The advent of precision medicine has ushered in an era of tailored therapeutic strategies, leveraging individual genetic profiles, tumor microenvironmental features, and exogenous factors to redefine oncology care. Central to these advances is the understanding of cell death, a fundamental biological process encompassing both programmed and non-programmed forms. Programmed cell death is orchestr

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… Second, translational challenges: High production costs of complex nanoplatforms, such as C-SMNPs require multi-step modification; lack of patient-derived organoid (PDO) validation for Mg 2+ -based implants; insufficient long-term safety data for metal ion nanomedicines. … Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) or humanized murine models engineered with patient-specific immune cells could be used to better evaluate nanotherapy efficacy. …

Innovations in cancer treatment as novel potential and the myth of personalized vaccines, immunotherapy, CRISPR/Cas9, and bacteriotherapy as promising therapeutic strategies.

Recent advancements in cancer treatment, including targeted therapy, tailored vaccines, immunotherapy, and bacteriotherapy, have demonstrated remarkable potential in addressing various types of cancer. However, the pursuit of novel therapeutic strategies remains challenged by significant obstacles, including toxicity to healthy tissues, limited penetration into malignant tissues, and the potential for tumor cell resistance to pharmacological agents. This study explored the potential of tailored vaccinations, immunotherapy, CRISPR/Cas9, and bacteriotherapy for cancer treatment. Randomized and n

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… Hepatobiliary tumor organoids reveal HLA class I neoantigen landscape and antitumoral activity of neoantigen peptide enhanced with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Adv Sci. 2022;9(22):2105810. 54. Chen F, Zou Z, Du J, Su S, Shao J, Meng F, et al. …

Marizomib in the therapy of brain tumors-how far did we go and where do we stand?

Out of several types of tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), glioblastoma (GBM) represents one of the most frequent and malignant forms of brain neoplasms. To date, GBM holds very limited therapeutic options leaving patients with poor prognosis of survival. As such, novel treatment approaches are constantly quested. One of these strategies is based on the utilization of proteasome inhibitors (PIs). However, although several PIs have been approved as therapy for patients with hematological malignancies, these treatment benefits cannot not be easily extrapolated to brain tumors. This is m

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… These findings were confirmed in tumor organoids derived from primary ICb-1299 cells, showing stabilization of p53 and increased expression of cl-casp 3. … Additionally, high doses of MZB induced significant overexpression of γ-H2AX – an early marker of DNA damage, suggesting that high doses of MZB may induce significant ROS-mediated DNA damage in medulloblastoma organoids. …

The updated landscape of tumor microenvironment and drug repurposing.

Accumulating evidence shows that cellular and acellular components in tumor microenvironment (TME) can reprogram tumor initiation, growth, invasion, metastasis, and response to therapies. Cancer research and treatment have switched from a cancer-centric model to a TME-centric one, considering the increasing significance of TME in cancer biology. Nonetheless, the clinical efficacy of therapeutic strategies targeting TME, especially the specific cells or pathways of TME, remains unsatisfactory. Classifying the chemopathological characteristics of TME and crosstalk among one another can greatly b

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… Organoid, Transwell, and tissue slice cultures have been applied to recapitulate cancer heterogeneity and metabolism. 18 Lactate metabolism is involved in malignant and stromal cells Normal cells tend to obtain energy through oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis is inhibited under normoxic condition … Other acellular components such as EV/exosomes, cytokines, and chemokines in TME also play significant roles in cancer growth, metastasis, and drug resistance, as has been reviewed by Kalluri, LeBleu 1 and Dassler-Plenker et al. 248 With the aid of advanced research techniques such as scRNA-seq and organoids …

From induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) to universal immune cells: literature review of advances in a new generation of tumor therapies.

Background and objectiveTumor therapy is still a tough clinical challenge, and cancer immunotherapy has drawn increasing attention. T cells and natural killer (NK) cells play crucial roles in the immune response. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology opens up a new way to produce functionally improved universal iPSC-derived chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T (CAR-iT) and iPSC-derived CAR-NK (CAR-iNK) cells. This study aims to comprehensively review the generation and clinical applications of iPSC-derived universal CAR-iT and CAR-iNK cells to explore their potential and future directio

Alzheimer's Disease: Cellular and Pharmacological Aspects.

Alzheimer's disease was described more than 100 years ago and despite the fact that several molecules are being tested for its treatment, which are in phase III trials, the disease continues to progress. The main problem is that these molecules function properly in healthy neurons, while neuronal pathology includes plasma membrane disruption, malfunction of various organelles, and hyperphosphorylation of Tau and amyloid plaques. The main objective of this article is the discussion of a neuronal restoration therapy, where molecules designed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease would probabl

PROCEEDINGS OF THE XVII CONGRESS OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF MYOLOGY Siracusa, Italy May 31 - June 3, 2017.

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Beyond Darwin: reactive heredity, burst-drift dynamics and eco‑evolutionary control of cancer.

Darwinian clonal evolution provides a necessary framework for understanding tumour progression, yet emerging evidence shows that some cancers depart from a strictly gradualist tempo through episodic "macroevolutionary" leaps. We propose a unifying Burst-Drift-Control (BDC) model in which short-lived genomic reconfigurations ("bursts") that transiently alter heritable genomic states ("reactive heredity") precede longer intervals of constrained expansion, creating time-bounded vulnerabilities that clinicians may strategically steer ("control"). In this usage, the Drift component refers specifica

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… Lineage tracing experiments in animals or organoids can experimentally validate burst–drift patterns and test adaptive therapy in controlled settings Liquid Biopsies | - Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) sequencing: Detecting tumour-derived DNA mutations in blood - Circulating tumour cells (CTCs): Isolation …

Inflammaging in periodontal, periapical, and malignancy-associated disease: drivers of alveolar bone loss and repair.

BACKGROUND: Aging significantly impacts bone metabolism through altered osteoblast/osteoclast dynamics, reduced stem cell regeneration, and chronic inflammaging. This narrative review explores how these age-related changes influence alveolar bone loss and regeneration in the oral cavity. METHODS: The review investigates key mechanisms-including immunosenescence and inflammasome activation-across three specific pathological contexts: (1) periodontitis, (2) periapical bone resorption, and (3) malignancy-associated osteolysis. Preclinical and clinical evidence were integrated to analyze the bone

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… Int Endod J 45:689–701. 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02028.x 41. de Kort WWB, Haakma WE, van Es RJJ, Gawlitta D, Driehuis E, Gansevoort M, Willems SM (2023) Jaw bone invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma is associated with osteoclast count and expression of its regulating proteins in patients and organoids …