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Safety of SGLT2 inhibitors for patients with type 2 diabetes: where are we now?

INTRODUCTION: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) remain underused in clinical practice, one of the reasons may be the fear of adverse events which have been emphasized during the first years of use. This comprehensive review aims to give an update on the safety and tolerability profile of SGLT2is. AREAS COVERED: An extensive literature search identified randomized controlled trials, observational cohort studies and pharmacovigilance reports that investigated the safety of SGLT2is in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), with or without comorbidities or presenting at-risk condi…

Differential Predictive Capabilities of Cognitive Performance on Psychological Pain Variables in Chronic Low Back Pain.

BACKGROUND: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is frequently accompanied by both maladaptive pain-related behaviors and alterations in cognitive processing. Although these domains are often studied independently, their interdependence, particularly whether cognitive performance may contribute to variability in pain-related psychological constructs, remains insufficiently characterized. METHODS: In this cross-sectional investigation, 60 adults with CLBP completed validated questionnaires assessing pain catastrophizing (PCS), fear of movement (TSK), and symptoms associated with central sensitization …

Nutrition literacy and dietary self-management in breast and gynecologic cancer survivorship.

Women living with and beyond breast cancer or a gynecologic malignancy frequently face a combined burden of endocrine disruption, treatment-related symptoms, psychological distress, fatigue, fear of recurrence, and conflicting dietary information. These factors may impair nutrition literacy, weaken confidence in dietary self-management, and reduce adherence to evidence-informed nutrition recommendations. This Mini Review examines the behavioral pathway linking psychological and educational barriers to dietary behaviors in women with breast and gynecologic malignancies. We focus on four interco…

Illness experience of head and neck cancer patients: an interpretative phenomenological analysis.

PURPOSE: Head and neck cancer is frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage and is associated with substantial mortality. Patients also exper … dure. RESULTS: Four superordinate themes were identified: (1) being overwhelmed by lamentation and fear when confronting a late-diagnosed illness; (2) confronting human limitations during treatment undertaken for survival; (3) losing daily life and selfhood while living in a body that had not recovered; and (4) reconstructing life beyond the fear of r …

Rethinking the message on alcohol and breast cancer with UK women: a Delphi study.

Alcohol consumption is a well-established, yet, under-recognized risk factor for breast cancer (BCa) in women. Low public awareness of this … including social norms, mistrust of public health messaging, psychological defence mechanisms, and fear of stigma and (ii) messaging strategies for overcoming these barriers, with narrative-based approaches (e.g. personal stories) identified as a promising alternative to hard-hitting or fear-based messaging. These findings extend existing literature b …

The astrocytic ensemble acts as a multiday trace to stabilize memory.

Recalled memories become transiently labile and require stabilization1-3. The mechanism for stabilizing memories of survival-critical experiences, which are often emotionally salient and repeated, remains unclear4. Here we identify an astrocytic ensemble that is transcriptionally primed by emotional experience and functionally triggered by repeated experience to stabilize labile memory. Using a novel brain-wide Fos tagging and imaging method, we found that astrocytic Fos ensembles were preferentially recruited in regions with neuronal engrams5 and were more widespread during fear recall than d…

Psychosocial experiences of cancer patients across the COVID-19 era: Lasting implications for oncology.

The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly affected the psychosocial well-being of cancer patients, who were simultaneously confronting a life-threatening illness and a global health crisis. This study explored how individuals with cancer made meaning of their experiences across four temporal phases of the pandemic (2020–2023). Using an interpretivist qualitative design, we conducted an inductive thematic analysis of written reflections from 120 patients who responded to the open-ended prompt, “What do the words ‘cancer’ and ‘pandemic’ mean to you?”. Four overarching themes emerged: Fear of Death, Lonel…

Time-Dependent Therapeutic Effect of S-Ketamine on PTSD Mediated by VTA-OFC Dopaminergic Neurocircuit.

Current pharmacotherapies for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are limited by delayed onset and side effects. Despite ketamine exhibiti … than late administration of S-Ketamine significantly ameliorates PTSD symptoms, especially impaired fear extinction. The firing and burst rates of VTADA neurons consecutively decrease following PTSD modeling and are restored by early S-Ketamine intervention. In particular, VTADA neurons respond to the conditioned stimuli, mediating the replacement of a …

Experiences and Biopsychosocial Needs of Women in an Earthquake During the Postpartum Period.

This study included postpartum women who survived the earthquake that occurred on February 6, 2023, with epicenters in Kahramanmaraş, and as … ere established for women that were specific to their emotional responses following the earthquake: fear, sorrow, anxiety, difficulty in controlling anger, hopelessness, exhaustion, and inability to experience the mourning process; concerning their emotional reactions at the moment of the earthquake: extreme fear, helplessness, shock, and grief respons …

Sexual Victimization, Psychological Distress, and Psychological Barriers to Resistance Among College Women.

Objective: Resistance to unwanted sexual advances decreases likelihood of completed sexual victimization (SV), with psychological barriers to resistance (PBRs; i.e. fear of injury, concern for preserving the relationship, and self-consciousness) reducing likelihood of resisting. Prior SV is associated with distress, which could increase revictimization risk. Method: A cross-sectional survey was utilized to examine associations among history of SV, psychological distress (defined as symptoms of depression, anxiety, symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD], and alcohol use problems), an…

Why do patients with ischemic heart disease modify their lifestyle? a qualitative study : Motivations for lifestyle modification after IHD.

OBJECTIVE: Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) is a major cause of death worldwide, particularly in low- to middle-income nations, such as Iran. Li … vealed a theme of "seeking wise survival," with 10 subcategories and three categories: interest and fear (e.g., family interest, fear of death), comprehensive recommendations, and individual and social benefits (e.g., time and cost savings). The findings of this study provide scientific evidence for HCPs to encourage and educate patients and their fami …

Influencing factors for childbirth readiness among pregnant women based on the reciprocal determinism theory and backpropagation neural network: a cross-sectional study in China.

BACKGROUND: Childbirth readiness is essential for improving maternal health outcomes and reducing mortality, yet preparedness remains low am … revealed that behavioral intention in childbirth preparation, family care, information support, and fear of birth were the strong predictors of childbirth readiness, with behavioral intention in childbirth preparation being the most significant. Additional influential factors included travel time to the nearest hospital and satisfaction with antenatal …

Implicit approach-avoidance bias for body and food-related stimuli among individuals with anorexia nervosa in partial remission.

OBJECTIVE: Partial remission from anorexia nervosa (AN) is an understudied stage of illness, during which individuals experience improvements in behavioral/physical symptoms, but continue to experience cognitive/affective symptoms. Studying factors that may be related to recovery vs. relapse during partial remission is important given the relatively low rates of full remission in AN. Fear and avoidance of eating disorder-related stimuli are important maintaining factors in AN and require evaluation during this stage of remission. METHODS: The current exploratory study (N = 35 individuals with…

Equine therapy in the management of teenagers with anorexia nervosa: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND: Anorexia nervosa is a complex psychiatric pathology with limited therapeutic tools to reduce morbidity and mortality. Equine-ass … y described an experience of insecurity when meeting the horses which were perceived as a source of fear within a displaced spatiotemporal framework. Equine therapy led to the development of emotional regulation through interactions that allowed for investment without fear of perceived social judgment, a reassuring experience through relational adjustm …

Neuroprotective effects of β-hydroxybutyrate in a post-traumatic stress disorder model: Behavioral, endocrine, and amygdala-hippocampal apoptotic modulation in male and female rats.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often involves disrupted neuroendocrine, inflammatory, and cell death pathways. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) on a PTSD model in male and female Wistar rats. Rats were exposed to a PTSD-like model, and twenty-four hours later, they received BHB (250 mg/kg) or glucose (5 %) twice daily, for seven days. Twelve hours after the last injection, the rats were challenged on behavioral tests for locomotor activity, anxiety-like phenotype, and contextual fear-related behaviors. Twenty-four hours after the last…

Reasons for Participating in the EDS-HEART Program: Holistic and Performative Within a Supportive Community.

Background: Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (hEDS) results in multiple, complex health-related risks and associated fear of movement (kinesiophobia). Therefore, the purpose of this research study was to examine how a holistic, embodied, and performative movement program (EDS-HEART) can affect body schema, physical and mental health, and lifestyle, which contribute to the joy of movement and physical activity participation among adult women with hEDS. Methods: This was a hermeneutic, phenomenological, quasi-experimental, and community-based research study among six women with hEDS, who parti…

Юридическое рассмотрение вопроса о последующей деятельности в связи с множественным склерозом: усиленное или неусовершенствованное МРТ?

НАУЧНАЯ литература подтверждает, что в случае множественного склероза последующее наблюдение за пациентами с клинической стабильностью может проводиться с помощью неусиленного магнитного резонанса (ИRI). Одной из причин применения противопоставимого среднего протокола, даже в случае пациентов-прислужников, является боязнь юридических споров. ЦЕЛИ: Наша цель состоит в том, чтобы проанализировать риски, связанные с проведением неусиленных тестов на МРТ. У многих пациентов с склерозом (MS) кроника контрольный тест отслеживает эволюцию болезни. МРТ показывает эволюцию болезни, вызванную появлением

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Scientific literature supports that, in cases of multiple sclerosis, follow-up for clinically stable patients can be performed with an non-enhanced magnetic resonance examination (MRI). One of the reasons for applying the contrast medium protocol, even in cronic patients, is the fear of legal disputes. OBJECTIVES: Our objective is to to analyze …

Psychometric properties of the Arabic translation of the Dark Future Scale questionnaire in a non-clinical sample of Arabic-speaking young adults.

BACKGROUND: Through the years, studying negative behaviors of the worldwide population seized the spotlight from many researchers who focused on building scales in order the measure the level of worries, fear and even depression of such stressed individuals. By definition, "Future anxiety" (FA) is fueled by negative thoughts leading to intense fear of unknown future events. The Dark Future scale (DFS) measures the level of anxiety experienced towards the future. Our aim was to examine the psychometric properties of a novel Arabic translation of the DFS. METHODS: A sample of 684 Arabic-speakin…

Caesarean delivery on maternal request: the perspective of the postpartum women.

BACKGROUND: Caesarean delivery on maternal request (CDMR) is an increasing delivery option among women. As such, we aimed to understand the … d eighteen women between 21 and 43 years of age. The reasons for C-section as their choice were: 1) fear of labour pain, 2) fear for safety due to maternal or fetal risks, 3) traumatic previous birth experiences of the patient, family or friends 4) sense of control, and 5) lack of knowledge about the risks and benefits of C-section. CONCLUSIONS: The p …

Differences in COVID-19 Vaccination and Experiences among Patients with Hypertension in Colombia and Jamaica during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, hypertensive patients had increased infection and healthcare disruption in many low- and middle-income countri … ed. In logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, education, and rural/urban clinic status, fear of COVID-19 (OR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.2-6.1) and residence in Colombia (OR 5.9, 95% CI: 2.4-14.6) were associated with higher vaccination uptake. Disparities in access to COVID-19 testing and diagnosis may have influenced these country differences includin …