Результаты поиска

The Impact of Ketogenic Nutrition on Obesity and Metabolic Health: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.

The ketogenic diet (KD) has recently gained increasing popularity. This high-fat, adequate-protein, and carbohydrate-poor eating pattern leads to nutritional ketosis. The KD has long been known for its antidiabetic and antiepileptic effects and has been used therapeutically in these contexts. Recently, the KD, due to its effectiveness in inducing weight loss, has also been proposed as a possible approach to treat obesity. Likewise, a KD is currently explored as a supporting element in the treatment of obesity-associated metabolic disorders and certain forms of cancer. Here, we discuss the meta

Is Systemic Immunosuppression a Risk Factor for Oral Cancer? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Even if the relationship between immunosuppression and increased incidence of systemic cancers is well known, there is less awareness about the risk of developing oral cancer in immunosuppressed patients. The aim of this review was to evaluate the association between immunosuppression and the development of oral cancer. Two authors independently and, in duplicate, conducted a systematic literature review of international journals and electronic databases (MEDLINE via OVID, Scopus, and Web of Science) from their inception to 28 April 2023. The assessment of risk of bias and overall quality of e

Evaluating clinical heterogeneity in relapsing polychondritis through unsupervised cluster analysis.

BACKGROUND: As a rare autoimmune disease, relapsing polychondritis (RP) exhibits individual variations in clinical manifestations, treatment response and prognosis. To date, no biomarkers have been implemented to clinical practice.This study aimed to apply cluster analysis to identify the clinical phenotype, clarify their prognosis predictor, and monitor treatment decisions to improve the outcomes of patients. METHODS: A total of 135 RP patients hospitalized in two centers from January 2005 to December 2024 were involved in the study.The K-means clustering algorithm was used as the core clust

Upregulation of β2-microglobulin expression in progressive human oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The aim of the present study was to investigate β2-microglobulin (β2-M) expression in normal oral mucosa and progressive oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to assess the clinical significance of β2-microglobulin expression. The study included 10 cases of normal oral mucosa epithelium specimens, 55 cases of primary OSCC specimens, and 25 cases of OSCC metastasis specimens. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine β2-M expression, and its correlation with clinicopathological factors in progressive OSCC was evaluated. Immunohistochemistry showed that strong β2-M expression was significantl

Биомаркеры по исследованиям в области клинической медицины: исследование литературы в базе данных PubMed и критическая оценка.

Биомаркер, короткая форма "биологического маркера", появилась в научной литературе в 1940-х годах. С тех пор было предложено множество различных определений, однако общеприменимое объяснение термина " биомаркер " в науке является чрезвычайно сложным. Слово "биомаркер" встречается в 1.3 million статьи в научной базе данных PubMed , которая в настоящее время включает более 39 million Ссылки на биомедицинскую литературу. Биомаркеры тесно связаны со здоровьем и болезнями человека. В настоящей статье делается попытка подойти к многогранному термину "биомаркет" и оценить его с клинической

Cytokine and Lymphocyte Profiles in COVID-19 Patients with Cancer: Implications for Disease Severity and Clinical Outcomes.

Patients with cancer are at increased risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19. Yet, the immunological determinants underlying this vulnerability remain incompletely understood, particularly in low- and middle-income settings. Moreover, the impact of the severe viral disease surge and its compensatory mechanisms, such as stressed myelopoiesis, on this population needs further elucidation. This study aims to characterize the cytokine and lymphocyte profiles of cancer patients with COVID-19, correlate these profiles with disease severity, and compare them to those of non-cancer patients with COVID-

Successful Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Extramedullary Multiple Myeloma With Anti-BCMA CAR-T Cell Therapy Followed by Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and a Review of the Contemporary Literature.

Extramedullary multiple myeloma (EMM) is an aggressive sub-entity of multiple myeloma (MM). Despite an excellent improvement in survival for most patients with MM over recent decades, the overall survival (OS) of patients with EMM was usually not longer than 3 years. Standard treatment for patients with EMM has not been established, and their management is particularly challenging. We presented a heavily pretreated young patient with relapsed EMM and refractoriness to a proteasome inhibitor (PI; bortezomib), a next-generation PI (ixazomib), immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs; lenalidomide), autolog

The Crosstalk Between B Cells and the Skeletal System During Development, Aging, and in Pathological Conditions.

Purpose of reviewIn this review, we describe the interaction between B cells and bone during development, aging, and disease. RECENT FINDINGS: There is an increased interest in identifying the mechanisms of interaction between immune cells and the skeletal system. This knowledge is critical for understanding the pathology of autoimmune diseases and developing therapeutic interventions. Humoral immunity depends on B cells and their secreted immunoglobulin (antibodies). Earlier studies described B cell influence on the skeletal system, with a major focus on the role of plasma cells and secreted

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Osteoblast-specific overexpression of human interleukin-7 rescues the bone mass phenotype of interleukin-7-deficient female mice. J Bone Miner Res. 2012;27(5):1030–42. 26. Harmer D, Falank C, Reagan MR. Interleukin-6 interweaves the bone marrow microenvironment, bone loss, and multiple myeloma. …

Th17 and Treg cells in bone related diseases.

Bone-related diseases share the process of immune response that targets bone tissue and bone marrow and then induce adverse effects on structure and function. In recent years, reciprocal relationship between immune cells and bone systems has been uncovered gradually. Regulatory T (Treg) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells are newly identified subsets of CD4+ T cells, and the balance between them is particularly essential for maintaining immune homeostasis. Accumulated data have demonstrated quantitative or functional imbalance between Th17 and Treg in bone related diseases, suggesting that Th17 and T

Are All Patients with Cancer at Heightened Risk for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)?

Cancer patients are traditionally considered at high risk for complicated respiratory viral infections, due to their underlying immunosuppression. In line with this notion, early case series reported high mortality rates of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in patients with malignancy. However, subsequent large, prospective, epidemiological surveys indicate that the risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be largely attributed to the multiple confounders operating in this highly heterogeneous population of patients, rather than the cancer or

Resveratrol downregulates interleukin-6-stimulated sonic hedgehog signaling in human acute myeloid leukemia.

IL-6 and sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling molecules are considered to maintain the growth of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Resveratrol, an important integrant in traditional Chinese medicine, possesses certain antitumor effects. However, the mechanisms on regulating acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are unclear. This study first used human subjects to demonstrate that the plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-1 β in AML patients were higher and lower, respectively, than healthy donors. The expression of Shh preproproteins, and C- and N-terminal Shh peptides increased in bone marrow and peripheral blood mononuclea

Молекулярная динамическая симуляция диких и мутантных протеиновых субъектов бета-белка типа 8 (PSMB8): Последствия для восстановления воспаления в экспериментальном аутоиммунном энцефаломиэлите патогенез.

Множественный склероз (MS) — аутоиммунное и хроническое заболевание мозга и спинного мозга. В НР наблюдается подстрекательский прогресс, характеризующийся своими отличительными подстрекательскими знаками. Гистологические и клинические характеристики MS разделяются экспериментальным аутоиммунным энцефаломелитом (EAE). Генетические и экологические факторы способствуют развитию НР. В болезни EAE-MS уровень протеазонного компонента бета-типа 8 (PSMB8), закодированного геном PSMB8, увеличивается и регулирует подстрекательскую реакцию в этой болезни. У людей синдром Накахо-Нишимура вызван мутации в

Revolutionizing cancer care strategies: immunotherapy, gene therapy, and molecular targeted therapy.

Despite the availability of technological advances in traditional anti-cancer therapies, there is a need for more precise and targeted cancer treatment strategies. The wide-ranging shortfalls of conventional anticancer therapies such as systematic toxicity, compromised life quality, and limited to severe side effects are major areas of concern of conventional cancer treatment approaches. Owing to the expansion of knowledge and technological advancements in the field of cancer biology, more innovative and safe anti-cancerous approaches such as immune therapy, gene therapy and targeted therapy a

Gene Modified CAR-T Cellular Therapy for Hematologic Malignancies.

With advances in the understanding of characteristics of molecules, specific antigens on the surface of hematological malignant cells were identified and multiple therapies targeting these antigens as neoplasm treatments were developed. Among them, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, which got United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for relapsed/refractory (r/r) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as well as for recurrent acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) within the past five years, and for r/r mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) this year, represents one of the most ra

Heterogeneous Contributing Factors in MPM Disease Development and Progression: Biological Advances and Clinical Implications.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) tumors are remarkably aggressive and most patients only survive for 5-12 months; irrespective of stage; after primary symptoms appear. Compounding matters is that MPM remains unresponsive to conventional standards of care; including radiation and chemotherapy. Currently; instead of relying on molecular signatures and histological typing; MPM treatment options are guided by clinical stage and patient characteristics because the mechanism of carcinogenesis has not been fully elucidated; although about 80% of cases can be linked to asbestos exposure. Several m

Tumor heterogeneity as a driver of drug resistance and its implications for personalized therapy.

Tumors are highly dynamic diseases characterized by significant heterogeneity. They consist of multiple cellular populations with distinct properties that respond differently to therapeutic pressure. This heterogeneity may arise from spatial variation across tumor regions (spatial heterogeneity) as well as from temporal changes during tumor evolution and treatment (temporal heterogeneity). As a consequence, drug-resistant subclones often emerge under therapy and contribute to treatment failure. Advances in single-cell and spatial multi-omics technologies enable precise quantification of tumor

Cardiovascular toxicities associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a groundbreaking immunotherapeutic approach, particularly for oncohematological patients who are refractory to conventional treatments. As clinical trials expand the applications of CAR T-cell therapy beyond hematologic malignancies, a critical understanding of its associated toxicities, particularly cardiovascular complications, becomes imperative. This review synthesizes current literature on the interplay between cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and cardiotoxicity related to CAR T-cell therapy, emphasizing the potential severity o

Системные воспламенительные факторы и нейропсихиатрические расстройства: двухнаправленное исследование менделизации.

В настоящем исследовании используется случайная менделия для изучения причинно-следственных связей, которые могут существовать между 91 отдельным подстрекательским маркером и шестью нейропсихиатрическими расстройствами, а именно болезнью Альцгеймера (AD), множественным склерозом (MS), болезнью Паркинсона (PD), тревожными расстройствами (ANX), депрессивными расстройствами (DEP) и необъяснимой энцефалопатией (UE). Дискуссия: Использованная методология включала стандартный метод обратного взвешивания в рамках двух выборок, двуединой системы произвольной менделизации и интегрированных статистическ

Osteocytes and Bone Metastasis.

Bone is the most frequent site of breast cancer and prostate cancer metastasis, and one of the most common sites of metastasis for many solid tumors. Once cancer cells colonize in the bone, it imposes a major clinical challenge for the treatment of the disease, and fatality rates increase drastically. Bone, the largest organ in the body, provides a fertile microenvironment enriched with nutrients, growth factors and hormones, a generous reward for cancer cells. Dependent on cancer type, cancer cells can cause osteoblastic (bone forming) or osteolytic lesions to promote the net resorption and/o

A Comprehensive Review of Modern Cancer Therapies Utilizing Oncolytic Viruses.

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are gaining traction as advanced tools in cancer therapy. They are distinguished by their ability to destroy malignant cells while sparing normal tissue specifically. In addition to their direct tumor-lysing properties, an essential benefit of oncolytic virus therapy is its capacity to activate both the innate and adaptive immune systems. To enhance these therapeutic actions, many OVs have been genetically engineered to encode immune-modulating factors that reestablish or strengthen antitumor immune responses. Recent studies show that combining OVs with other forms of i