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Determination of carbohydrates, sugar alcohols, and glycols in cell cultures and fermentation broths using high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection.

Cell cultures and fermentation broths are complex mixtures of organic and inorganic compounds. Many of these compounds are synthesized or me … ea RSDs were 2-7% for 2, 3-butanediol, ethanol, glycerol, erythritol, rhamnose, arabitol, sorbitol, galactitol, mannitol, arabinose, glucose, galactose, lactose, ribose, raffinose, and maltose spiked into a heat-inactivated yeast culture broth supernatant that was analyzed repetitively for 48 h. This method is useful for directly monitoring culture changes d …

Anaphylaxis to excipient mannitol: evidence for an immunoglobulin E-mediated mechanism.

BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis to mannitol present naturally in pomegranate and cultivated mushroom in a sensitized subject has been described rece … ating the presence of cell-bound mannitol-specific IgE in vivo. Negative results with D-glucitol, D-galactitol, meso-erythritol, and L-mannitol protein conjugates clearly showed that the mannitol-specific human IgE is very specific to the D-isomer of mannitol. ELISA using the hapten affinity-purified allergic serum was positive, demonstrating the presence of …

Effect of dianhydrodulcitol (DAD) on the primary immune response of normal and tumor bearing rats.

The effect of dianhydrodulcithol (DAD) administered in a dose of 5 mg/kg on the number of plaque-forming cells (PFC) in spleens and on the titre of hemolytic antibodies in the sera of rats immunised with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) have been examined. The compound elicited a short-lasting suppressive effect when applied after immunisation; the number of PFC decreased two days after treatment while 5 days after drug administration increased as compared to the untreated animals. Treatment prior to immunisation proved to be ineffective. The titre of circulating antibodies showed changes similar

Phase I trial of dianhydrogalactitol administered Iv in a weekly schedule.

Dianhydrogalactitol was given to 28 patients with a variety of advanced solid tumors on a weekly schedule in iv doses ranging from 2 to 80 mg/m2. No significant toxicity was encountered at doses up to 40 mg/m2/week for 4 weeks. At higher doses mild-to-moderate nausea and vomiting and hematologic toxicity were noted. Thrombocytopenia was more common than granulocytopenia and frequently resolved more slowly. No adverse drug-realted effects on liver, renal, coagulation, or cardiac function were seen. Although no patient had significant antitumor response (as strictly defined), objective improveme…

Reductively aminated D-xylose-albumin conjugate as the immunogen for generation of IgG and IgE antibodies specific to D-xylitol, a haptenic allergen.

Sugar alcohols are widely used as food additives and drug excipients. Xylitol, a five-carbon sugar alcohol, and a low-calorie alternative sw … ards xylitol and <4.4% cross-reactivity with D-xylose and various sugar alcohols except ribitol and galactitol, which showed approximately 11% and 8% cross-reactivity, respectively. D-Xylitol-BSA conjugate was used to raise IgE antibodies in BALB/c mice by repeated intradermal administration. Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis using the immune sera confirmed the …

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Based Metabolomic Profiling in Fibromyalgia Patients.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a multifactorial syndrome with poorly understood pathophysiology, characterized by chronic widespread pain and fatigue … , proline, glycine, and homoserine metabolites, and decreased benzoate, leucine, π-methylhistidine, galactitol, τ-methylhistidine, glutamine, 3-hydroxykynurenine, and fructose levels were observed in FM serum; while increased malate, dimethylamine, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), creatine phosphate, N-phenylacetylglycine, N-acetylglutamate (NAG), hippurate, a …

[Transcriptomic analysis of the ΔPaLoc mutant of Clostridioides difficile and verification of its toxicity].

Objective: Comparative analyses of wild-type Clostridioides difficile 630 (Cd630) strain and pathogenicity locus (PaLoc) knockout mutant (ΔP … the CD630_15810 (spore-forming protein), CD630_23230 (zinc-binding dehydrogenase) and CD630_23240 (galactitol 1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase) genes were down-regulated by 0.06, 0.075, 0.133 and 0.183 fold, respectively. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that the differentially transcribed genes in ΔPaLoc were enriched in the density-sensing system, AB …

Age-dependent retinal capillary pericyte degeneration in galactose-fed dogs.

The galactose-fed beagle develops diabetes-like microvascular changes that are histologically and clinically similar in appearance to all stages of human diabetic retinopathy. This animal model is extremely useful for evaluating drugs for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy; however, the time required to develop the various retinal lesions (24-72 months for background to the proliferative stage) may be considered prohibitive. Retinal vascular changes begin with an initial degeneration of capillary pericytes, which has been linked to the aldose reductase catalyzed formation of galactitol. Bec…

Comparative Genomic Analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolated from Super-Shedder and Low-Shedder Cattle.

Cattle are the primary reservoir of the foodborne pathogen Escherichia coli O157:H7, with the concentration and frequency of E. coli O157:H7 … type 14a, SBI cluster 3 and SNP clade 2. Super-shedder isolates displayed increased utilization of galactitol, thymidine and 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-arabinose when compared to low-shedder isolates, but no differences in SNPs were observed in genes encoding for proteins involved in the metabolism of these substrates. While genetic traits specific to super …

A study of the specificity of Bandeiraea simplicifolia lectin I by competitive-binding assay with blood-group substances and with blood-group A and B active and other oligosaccharides.

The specificity of Bandeiraea simplicifolia lectin I (BS I) has been studied by competitive-binding assays (CBA) using tritium-labeled human … has a lower slope than group 2, which contains alpha-D-GalNAcp-(1 leads to 3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactitol and p-nitrophenyl alpha-D-GalNAcp, with 3 nmol of each required for 50% inhibition of binding, as well as ten glycosides with terminal, nonreducing, alpha-linked D-Galp. The most potent inhibitors of this group were p-nitrophenyl alpha-D-Galp, alpha …

Molecular modeling of Gram-positive bacteria peptidoglycan layer, selected glycopeptide antibiotics and vancomycin derivatives modified with sugar moieties.

Proper understanding of the mechanisms of binding to Gram-positive bacteria cell wall layers-especially to the peptidoglycan (PG) layer, see … ylamine, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranosylamine, 1-amine-1-deoxy-d-glucitol, 2-amino-2-deoxy-d-galactitol, or 2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucitol to the C-terminal amino acid group in the vancomycin) are presented and discussed. The resulting molecular dynamics trajectories, root mean square deviation changes of aglycon and saccharide moieties as well as a compa …

[A difficult and complicated case study: neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency].

Neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) is a kind of inborn errors of metabolism, with the main clinic manifes … rulline, and threonine as well. UP-GC-MS analysis of the urine sample showed elevated galactose and galactitol. The baby was thus diagnosed with suspected NICCD based on the findings. It was then treated with oral arginine and multiple vitamins (including fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K), and was fed with lactose-free and medium-chain fatty acids enriche …

Clinical and biochemical phenotypes, genotypes, and long-term outcomes of individuals with galactosemia type I from a single metabolic genetics center in Alberta.

BACKGROUND: Galactosemia type I is an autosomal recessive disorder of galactose metabolism due to galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase de … ant galactosemia. We also report an individual with clinical variant galactosemia with normal urine galactitol levels on a normal diet. CONCLUSION: It seems that newborn screening and early administration of a galactose-lactose-free diet decreases the long-term galactosemia-associated complications but does not prevent them completely. It may be that not al …

Интерпретируемая скорость и возможные выгоды от ожирения, диабета и множественного склероза: систематический обзор случайных клинических испытаний.

В последние годы популярна практика интермитирования скорости, которая в споре представляется в качестве возможного терапевтического адъюнктора. Был проведен библиографический обзор литературы по вопросам периодического быстрого роста и ожирения, диабета и множественного склероза. Научное качество методологии и полученные результаты оценивались по парам. Промежуточный пост оказывает благоприятное воздействие на профиль липидов, и он связан с потерей веса и модификацией распределения брюшного жира у людей с ожирением и типом 2 диабет, а также улучшение контроля за глицемическими уровнями. У пац

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… Acute alterations in levels of proline, tyrosine, galactitol, and urea plasma levels were observed along with changes in 24 other metabolites during the fasting period. 1++ A Stekovic et al., 2019 [ 14 ] Graz, Austria 2015–2017 n = 60 Randomized clinical trial 4 weeks To clarify to what extent IF influences …