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Idiopathic sudden hearing loss.

Idiopathic sudden hearing loss is an otologic emergency with an obscure cause. It is the acute onset of hearing loss of 30 cB in three contiguous frequencies, which may occur instantaneously or progressively over several days. Suspect etiologies include viral infections, cochlear artery occlusion, rupture of the intracochlear membranes, and biochemical alterations in the metabolism maintaining the endocochlear membrane potentials. Histopathology of the temporal bone most commonly reveals atrophy of the organ of Corti and striae vascularis. Treatments proposed include close observation for spon…

Unexplained conductive hearing loss.

We report a series of unusual clinical cases which exhibit what we have referred to as unexplained conductive hearing loss. Audiometrically, these cases typically display mild to moderate conductive or mixed-type hearing loss and good word discrimination (80% to 100%). The otologic evaluations also lend support to the audiometric findings. When polytome roentgenograms were obtained thr results showed a normal inner ear system. Most often, the otologists' clinical impression was a fixed malleus or congenital stapes fixation, and exploratory tympanotomy with inspection of the ossicular chain was…

[New options for rehabilitation of conductive hearing loss : Tests on normal-hearing subjects with simulated hearing loss].

BACKGROUND: Bone conduction hearing aids can be worn as noninvasive devices using a clip or soft band that exerts pressure on the skin, or they can be surgically implanted. ADHEAR (MED-EL GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria) is a novel noninvasive bone conduction hearing aid that is attached behind the ear using an adhesive adapter and does not exert pressure on the skin. ADHEAR is indicated for patients with conductive hearing loss and normal inner ear function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the achievable hearing improvement with ADHEAR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve subjects with normal heari…

Hearing Loss in the Elderly.

Presbycusis, or age-related hearing loss (ARHL), is the result of physiologic and pathologic changes associated with advancing age. ARHL presents typically with a high-frequency hearing loss, which contributes to greater trouble hearing consonants within words. Consonants convey the bulk of meaning within a word, and this loss of linguistic information results in complaints associated with ARHL. Hearing aids and cochlear implants significantly improve the lives of older adults with hearing loss, in particular, those with depression and dementia. Successful current research in gene therapy, pha…

The genetics of hearing loss.

Hearing impairment is the most common sensory deficit with half of the causes of hearing loss having a genetic basis. There is a range of treatment devices but these do not correct the underlying pathology. Advances in molecular biology have greatly enhanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of genetic hearing loss, including potential treatments.

Hearing loss in the elderly.

Family physicians play an important role in detecting auditory impairment in the aged and in referring these patients for audiologic evaluation. Although most elderly patients with impaired hearing do not benefit from medical or surgical treatment, aural rehabilitation is often successful. Acceptance of a hearing device is critical to rehabilitation.

Предотвращение потери слуха.

Потеря слуха может затрагивать до 20% взрослого населения, и с возрастом ее распространенность возрастает. Однако потеря слуха в детстве может иметь самые серьезные последствия из - за блока развития навыков общения. Предотвращение потери слуха имеет большое значение, поскольку лечение часто является неудовлетворительным. Причины многочисленны и могут быть многофакторными у человека. К числу важных причин относятся травмы, включая изменение уровня шума и атмосферного давления; потеря генетического слуха; инфекция, включая краснуху; повреждение лекарств, метаболизм и неоплазию.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Hearing loss can affect up to 20% of the adult population and prevalence increases with age. However, hearing loss in childhood may have the most profound effects because of the block to the development of communication skills. Prevention of hearing loss is of major importance as treatment is often unsatisfactory. Causes are numerous, and may be multifactori…

Genetics of Hearing Loss.

Since 1995, advancements in human genetics have elucidated many of the causes of hearing loss. Currently, over 150 genes are identified as responsible for nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss, and more than 200 are linked to syndromic forms (for review, see Hereditary Hearing Loss Homepage, https://hereditaryhearingloss.org). Genetic epidemiology is better understood for congenital hearing loss than for progressive adult-onset forms. It is estimated that three-quarters of early-onset hearing loss has a genetic origin, the remaining causes being acquired (prenatal cytomegalovirus infection, …

Congenital Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Congenital sensorineural hearing loss is highly prevalent in our population, with a wide variety of causes. The key to clinical management is early detection and intervention, to promote language and cognitive development. With expanding genetic knowledge about congenital sensorineural hearing loss, the indiscriminate approach in workup is no longer recommended. Comprehensive genetic evaluation and cytomegalovirus testing are key to identify the underlying cause of the hearing loss. Treatment and prognosis depend on age of hearing loss onset and detection; management plans will typically inclu…

Approach to hearing loss.

OBJECTIVE: To provide family physicians with a practical evidence-based approach to the management of patients with hearing loss. SOURCES OF INFORMATION: MEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched for English-language hearing loss research, review articles, and guidelines published between 1980 and 2020. Most of the retrieved articles provided level II or III evidence. MAIN MESSAGE: Hearing loss is one of the most common sensory impairments worldwide and causes great detriment to a patient's overall well-being by affecting physical health, finances, social inclusion, and mental health. A rob…

Morphine-induced hearing loss.

PURPOSE: A case of severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss associated with oral morphine is reported. SUMMARY: A 52-year-old Spanish man was admitted to the intensive care unit with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 3, a fever, and sudden hearing loss with tinnitus in both ears. His medical history included type 2 diabetes mellitus, depression, sleep disorder, and hypertension. The patient also had pyelonephritis in 2011 and pulmonary embolism in 2014, requiring the placement of an inferior vena cava filter and chronic anticoagulation. His hearing loss appeared after the initiation of oral mo…

[Inner Ear Hearing Loss].

Hearing loss is one of the most dominant handicaps in modern societies, which additionally very often is not realized or not admitted. About one quarter of the general population suffers from inner ear hearing loss and is therefore restricted in communicational skills. Demographic factors like increasing age play an important role as well as environmental influences and an increasing sound and noise exposure especially in leisure activities. Thus borders between a "classical" presbyacusis - if it ever existed - and envirionmentally induced hearing loss disappear. Today restrictions in hearing …

Drug-induced hearing loss.

Hearing loss is generally due to ageing but can be caused by a wide variety of other factors, including some drugs. Many drugs that cause hearing loss are directly toxic to the inner ear or auditory nerve, leading to sensorineural deafness. Sometimes the role of a drug is only suspected after several months or even years. Drug ototoxicity is dependent on the dose and duration of exposure. Hearing loss can worsen if treatment is continued and sometimes even after the drug is withdrawn. Some ear drops contain ototoxic substances. A perforated eardrum facilitates their passage into the inner ear …

Ageing and hearing loss.

Although many adults retain good hearing as they age, hearing loss associated with ageing is common among elderly persons. There are a number of pathophysiolological processes underlying age-related changes to functional components in the inner ear. Genetic factors determine the ageing process but are under the influence of intrinsic and environmental factors. It is difficult to distinguish changes of normal ageing from those of other contributing factors. The effects of age-related deafness can have significant physical, functional and mental health consequences. Although a deficit in hearing…