Результаты поиска

[Current childhood food allergies].

Changes of dietary habits, new food technology, international meals and increasing consumption of exotic food has changed the repartition of food allergens. Some food allergens are worrisome and symptoms severe (peanut and nut butters). Others are new and increase strongly: exotic fruits, sesame, mustard and lupin. Primary prevention include avoidance of such food in high risk infants. Product labeling must be improved.

High-resolution epitope mapping by AllerScan reveals relationships between IgE and IgG repertoires during peanut oral immunotherapy.

Peanut allergy can result in life-threatening reactions and is a major public health concern. Oral immunotherapy (OIT) induces desensitization to food allergens through administration of increasing amounts of allergen. To dissect peanut-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and IgG responses in subjects undergoing OIT, we have developed AllerScan, a method that leverages phage-display and next-generation sequencing to identify the epitope targets of peanut-specific antibodies. We observe a striking diversification and boosting of the peanut-specific IgG repertoire after OIT and a reduction in pre-ex

Natural clinical tolerance to peanut in African patients is caused by poor allergenic activity of peanut IgE.

BACKGROUND: In Africa, peanuts are frequently consumed, but severe allergic reactions are rare. We investigated immunological patterns of clinical tolerance to peanut in peanut-sensitized but asymptomatic patients from central Africa compared to peanut-allergic and peanut-sensitized but asymptomatic patients from Sweden. METHODS: Sera from allergic patients (n = 54) from Zimbabwe sensitized to peanut but without allergic symptoms to peanut, and sera from peanut-allergic (n = 25) and peanut-sensitized but asymptomatic (n = 25) patients from Sweden were analyzed toward peanut allergen component

Modified oral food challenge used with sensitization biomarkers provides more real-life clinical thresholds for peanut allergy.

BACKGROUND: Threshold levels for peanut allergy determined by using oral challenges are important for the food industry with regard to allergen labeling. Moreover, the utility of biological markers in predicting threshold levels is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: We sought to use a modified oral food challenge regimen that might determine threshold levels for peanut allergy mimicking a more real-life exposure and to correlate the eliciting dose (ED) and severity of clinical reaction in children with peanut allergy with B-cell, T-cell, and effector cell markers. METHODS: A modified food challenge proce

Mixed antibody and T cell responses to peanut and the peanut allergens Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3 and Ara h 6 in an oral sensitization model.

BACKGROUND: Peanut allergy is known for its severity and persistence through life. Several peanut proteins have been identified as allergenic and are indicated as Ara h 1-7. Very little is known about the mechanisms that underlie sensitization to peanut proteins. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to reveal the immune responses that are induced against peanut and the peanut allergens Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3 and Ara h 6 during sensitization, including the very early responses. METHODS: Humoral and T cell responses against peanut and the peanut allergens were examined in an earl

HLA class II DRB1, DQB1 and DPB1 genotypic associations with peanut allergy: evidence from a family-based and case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Peanut is one of the most common foods provoking allergic reactions and is the most frequent cause of fatal and near-fatal food-induced anaphylaxis. However, as yet, little is known of the genetic and immunological mechanisms which underly peanut allergy. OBJECTIVE: Based on findings in other allergic diseases, we have investigated whether particular human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class II genetic polymorphisms contribute to the development of peanut allergy. METHODS: All individuals from 37 families each containing one or more peanut allergic individuals, plus nine unrelated pati

Poor biologic activity of cross-reactive IgE directed to carbohydrate determinants of glycoproteins.

BACKGROUND: In our outpatient population, approximately one third of patients sensitized to grass pollen were found to have significant serum levels of anti-peanut IgE in the RAST, without positive peanut skin prick test (SPT) response and without peanut-related allergic symptoms. It was suggested earlier that poor biologic activity of IgE antibodies directed to cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD) of glycoproteins might explain these discrepancies. OBJECTIVE: In this study we investigated the biologic activity of IgE directed to CCD. METHODS: Sera of 32 patients allergic to grass

Improved Genetic Map Identified Major QTLs for Drought Tolerance- and Iron Deficiency Tolerance-Related Traits in Groundnut.

A deep understanding of the genetic control of drought tolerance and iron deficiency tolerance is essential to hasten the process of developing improved varieties with higher tolerance through genomics-assisted breeding. In this context, an improved genetic map with 1205 loci was developed spanning 2598.3 cM with an average 2.2 cM distance between loci in the recombinant inbred line (TAG 24 × ICGV 86031) population using high-density 58K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) "Axiom_Arachis" array. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was performed using extensive phenotyping data generated f…

Cutaneous or respiratory exposures to peanut allergens in mice and their impacts on subsequent oral exposure.

BACKGROUND: Recent data suggested that non-gastrointestinal exposure can lead to sensitisation to food allergens. We thus assessed the immune impact of respiratory or cutaneous exposure to peanut proteins on non-altered epithelium and investigated the effect of such pre-exposure on subsequent oral administration of peanut. METHODS: BALB/cJ mice were exposed to purified Ara h 1 or to a non-defatted roasted peanut extract (PE) by simple deposit of allergens solutions on non-altered skin or in the nostrils. Exposures were performed 6 times at weekly intervals. Pre-exposed mice then received intr

Food safety of allergic patients in hospitals: implementation of a quality strategy to ensure correct management.

Food allergy could affect up to 8% of children. Four cases of food anaphylaxis in hospitalized children are reported, pointing to the need of food allergenic safety procedures in hospital settings. The implementation of the operating procedure in hospital food production units (HFPU) of Nancy University Hospital is described. The dietetics Department developed on hypoallergenic diet and specific avoidance diets. Dieticians within HFPU managed the choice of starting materials, the circuit organization in order to avoid any risk of contamination during preparation and cooking of food, product tr

Identification of peanut and hazelnut allergens by native two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

A procedure for the native two-dimensional electrophoresis of peanut and hazelnut proteins is described. Proteins were solubilised after acetone treatment using a combination of 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS) and tetramethylene sulphone. These extracts were analysed by a combination of isoelectric focusing in the presence of lactose in immobilized pH gradients followed by charge shift electrophoresis. Immunoblot analysis, using sera from nut allergic patients, allowed the identification of a peanut and hazelnut allergen with identical isoelectric point and ap

Enteric reovirus infection stimulates peanut-specific IgG2a responses in a mouse food allergy model.

IgE-mediated food allergies are an important cause of life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions. Orally administered peanut antigens mixed with the mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin (CT) induce a strong peanut extract (PE)-specific serum IgE response that is correlated with T-helper type 1 (Th1) and type 2 (Th2)-like T-cell responses. This study was conducted to determine if respiratory enteric orphan virus (reovirus), a non-pathogenic virus that induces robust Th1-mediated mucosal and systemic responses could modulate induction of PE-specific allergic responses when co-administered with PE. Yo

Olive oil, other dietary fats, and the risk of breast cancer (Italy).

Data from a multicenter case-control study on breast cancer conducted in Italy have been used to analyze the relationship of olive oil and other dietary fats to breast cancer risk. Cases were 2,564 women hospitalized with histologically confirmed, incident breast cancer. Controls were 2,588 women admitted to the same network of hospitals for acute, non-neoplastic, non-hormone related, non-digestive tract disorders. Cases and controls were interviewed between 1991 and 1994 using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. The data were modelled through multiple logistic regression controlling for

Specific immunotherapy is effective in the prevention of new sensitivities.

BACKGROUND: Allergen specific immunotherapy is the only specific and curative approach in the treatment of IgE-mediated allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. The safety and clinical efficacy of this treatment are well documented but data on the prevention of new sensitizations remain scarce. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the efficacy of specific immunotherapy in allergic respiratory diseases in childhood and to determine whether this treatment prevents the development of new sensitizations in children sensitized to house dust mite or pollen species. METHODS: Fifty-six

Prognostic significance of peanut agglutinin binding in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

We previously reported the favorable prognosis associated with positive peanut agglutinin (PNA) binding in childhood T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and hypothesized that this may be related to glucocorticoid sensitivity (Veerman et al. Cancer Res 1985, 45: 1890). The purposes of this prospective study involving 202 children with newly diagnosed ALL were to determine the relationship between PNA binding and (1) immunophenotype; (2) in vitro resistance to prednisolone (PRD) and dexamethasone and other drugs; (3) clinical response to a systemic PRD monotherapy (plus one intrathecal in

Генетическая вариация генотипов ячменя с использованием морфологических признаков, содержания амилозы и молекулярных маркеров.

Для того чтобы любая работа по разведению растений была эффективной, необходимо обеспечить наличие и доступность различных генетических ресурсов. Использование простых последовательности повторения (ССР) маркеров, содержания амилозы и агроморфологической характеристики генетического разнообразия 50 Была проведена оценка генотипов ячменя. Поперечный 50 Генотипы, анализ разницы выявили весьма значительные колебания (p) < 0.01) в каждом признаке. Генотипы G20, G7, G18, G28, G41, G45, G50, G13, G39 и G47 продемонстрировали наивысшую урожайность. Была выявлена положительная корреляция между количес

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Chandran K Pandya SM Morphological characterization of Arachis species of section Arachis Plant Genet. Resour. Newsl. 2000 121 38 41 Chandran, K. & Pandya, S. M. Morphological characterization of Arachis species of section Arachis. Plant Genet. Resour. Newsl. 121 , 38–41 (2000). 17. …

Post hoc analysis examining symptom severity reduction and symptom absence during food challenges in individuals who underwent oral immunotherapy for peanut allergy: results from three trials.

PURPOSE: Peanut allergy and its current management, involving peanut avoidance and use of rescue medication during instances of accidental exposure, are burdensome to patients and their caregivers and can be a source of stress, uncertainty, and restriction. Physicians may also be frustrated with a lack of effective and safe treatments other than avoidance in the current management of peanut allergy. Efficacy, determined using double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFCs), of oral immunotherapy with peanut (Arachis hypogaea) allergen powder-dnfp (PTAH; Palforzia®) was demonstrated …

Characterization of a novel role for the dynamin mechanoenzymes in the regulation of human sperm acrosomal exocytosis.

STUDY QUESTION: Does dynamin regulate human sperm acrosomal exocytosis? SUMMARY ANSWER: Our studies of dynamin localization and function ha … ome integrity of live spermatozoa was subsequently assessed via the use of fluorescently conjugated Arachis hypogea lectin (PNA). The influence of dynamin phosphorylation and the regulatory kinase(s) responsible for this modification in human spermatozoa were also assessed via the use of in situ proximity ligation assays and pharmacological inhibition. In …

Overexpression of a novel peanut NBS-LRR gene AhRRS5 enhances disease resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum in tobacco.

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a ruinous soilborne disease affecting more than 450 plant species. Efficient control methods for this disease remain unavailable to date. This study characterized a novel nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat resistance gene AhRRS5 from peanut, which was up-regulated in both resistant and susceptible peanut cultivars in response to R. solanacearum. The product of AhRRS5 was localized in the nucleus. Furthermore, treatment with phytohormones such as salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and ethephon (ET) increa

Safety, clinical, and immunologic efficacy of a Chinese herbal medicine (Food Allergy Herbal Formula-2) for food allergy.

BACKGROUND: Food Allergy Herbal Formula-2 (FAHF-2) is a 9-herb formula based on traditional Chinese medicine that blocks peanut-induced anaphylaxis in a murine model. In phase I studies FAHF-2 was found to be safe and well tolerated. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of FAHF-2 as a treatment for food allergy. METHODS: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study 68 subjects aged 12 to 45 years with allergies to peanut, tree nut, sesame, fish, and/or shellfish, which were confirmed by baseline double-blind, placebo-controlled oral food challenges (DBP