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[The peripheral vestibular disorders encountered in the routine out-patient practical work].

The objective of the present study was to elucidate the frequency of causes underlying the development of dizziness and vertigo in the patie … cur in more than 65% of the patients. The most common forms of peripheral vestibular disorders were benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Meniere's disease, and vestibular neuronitis. The central vestibular disorders occurred considerably less frequently than peripheral ones and were diagnosed only in 10.9% of the patients. The results of the study provided a basis for the developmen …

Different types of dizziness in patients with peripheral vestibular diseases--their prevalence and relation to migraine.

CONCLUSIONS: Besides spontaneous attacks of vertigo or unsteadiness, other symptoms, i.e. drop attacks, lateropulsion, illusions that the ro … ect to vestibular diagnosis and its relation to migraine. METHODS: Data from 100 patients with MD, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), or unilateral peripheral vestibular impairment (UPVI) were analyzed with respect to vestibular diagnosis and migraine as a secondary diagnosis. RESULTS: Spontaneous attacks of vertigo or unsteadiness occurred in 74% and 48% of patients, res …

Neurovascular compression syndrome of the eighth cranial nerve. What are the most reliable diagnostic signs?

Forty-three surgical cases were retrospectively analyzed to establish diagnostic criteria and operative indications for vertigo and tinnitus due to neurovascular compression (NVC) of the eighth cranial nerve (8th N). Many NVC syndromes were mistakenly diagnosed as Ménière's disease or benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. NVC was confirmed in 31 of the 43 patients. Neurovascular decompression (NVD) resulted in complete recovery or marked improvement of subjective symptoms in all 19 cases with vertigo (100%), and in 19 of 29 patients with tinnitus (65.5%). Multiple factor analysis revealed that…

Clinical features of paroxysmal positional vertigo presenting combined lesions.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the common vestibular disorders. Canalolithiasis is thought to be a likely lesion. A canalith repositioning procedure (CRP by Epley) generally yields good resolution of vertigo and nystagmus. The authors confirmed the efficacy of this procedure on typical BPPV of the posterior semicircular canal type. We designed a new procedure for BPPV of the lateral canal type, which also yielded satisfactory results. BPPV sometimes presents a nystagmus pattern, which suggests multiple lesions. We have seen eight cases of BPPV showing nystagmus that comb…

Множественный склероз как недостаточно признанная причина острого вертиго: клинические и патофизиологические исследования.

Множественный склероз (MS) — аутоиммунное расстройство, которое часто вызывает острые неврологические симптомы на фазах восстановления эмиссии. В то время как моторные, сенсорные и визуальные недостатки являются широко признанными проявлениями рецидивов, остаточные симптомы, такие, как острый вертигон, головокружение и несбалансированность, являются относительно недостаточно признанными и часто создают диагностические проблемы. В этом обзоре обобщаются основные и последние данные, касающиеся острого кровеносного синдрома, связанного с НР, и его центральных патофизиологических механизмов. Небла

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder that frequently presents with acute neurological symptoms during relapsing-remitting phase … rthermore, we address clinical mimics, distinguishing central positional nystagmus and vertigo from benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, the latter being highly prevalent and treatable via bedside maneuvers in MS populations. Crucially, this paper examines the limitations of bedside tools like the HINTS exam, which identify central pathology but fail to differentiate ischemic stroke …

[Causes of emergency dizziness stratified by etiology].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the causes of emergency dizziness stratified to improve the diagnostic efficiency. METHODS: A total of 1 857 cases of dizziness at our emergency department were collected and their etiologies stratified by age and gender. RESULTS: The top three diagnoses were benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV, 31.7%), hypertension (24.0%) and posterior circulation ischemia (PCI, 20.5%). Stratified by age, the main causes of dizziness included BPPV (n = 6), migraine-associated vertigo (n = 2), unknown cause (n = 1) for the group of <18 years; BPPV (51.5%), migraine-associated ve…

Epidemiological evidence for a link between vertigo and migraine.

Both migraine and dizziness/vertigo rank among the most common complaints in the general population. Worldwide, the lifetime prevalence of m … lation of about 1%. Other vestibular disorders that display an increased prevalence of migraine are benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and Menière's disease. Furthermore, migraine is associated with motion sickness, rare ataxia disorders and psychiatric syndromes that can also manifest with vertigo and dizziness.

Threshold-based 3D CT visualization of high-attenuation structures in the endolymphatic sac: A technical feasibility study.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the feasibility of threshold-based three-dimensional CT (T3D-CT) for visualizing attenuation patterns in the endolymphatic sac. METHODS: High-resolution temporal bone CT datasets from healthy adults and patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo or Ménière's disease were retrospectively analyzed using predefined attenuation thresholds (140-400 HU, >600 HU). Image evaluation was qualitative. RESULTS: Reproducible attenuation patterns were visualized in vestibular structures. Regions corresponding to vestibular organs showed attenuation values of approximately…

Inadvertent Dural Puncture Causing Low Pressure Headache and Peripheral Vestibular Bilateral Damage.

INTRODUCTION: This edition of the Audiology Research journal is dedicated to Dr. John Epley. For this reason, we would like to present a very unusual case involving the development of a bilateral abnormality of the otolith organs. The otoliths are the structures from which calcium particles detach to induce benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, the disorder for which Dr. Epley is famous for managing. CASE REPORT: This case report outlines an unusual presentation of vestibular pathology involving the otoliths. DISCUSSION: We suggest that the atypical presentation may be related to a bilateral…

Carbon monoxide poisoning: an unusual cause of dizziness.

OBJECTIVE: We report an unusual case of dizziness caused by carbon monoxide poisoning. CASE REPORT: A 55-year-old man was referred to an ENT surgeon with dizziness. The patient described vague, non-specific symptoms not consistent with a diagnosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, labyrinthitis or Ménière's disease. It emerged later that the patient had been suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning from a leaky gas hot water boiler in his house. After having the boiler fixed, the patient's symptoms completely resolved. CONCLUSION: When the more common causes of dizziness cannot be fou…

Post-traumatic pulsatile tinnitus: the hallmark of a direct carotico-cavernous fistula.

Following trauma to her right frontal region, a 68-year-old woman suffered bilateral, benign, paroxysmal, positional vertigo and a left-sided, longitudinal petrosal bone fracture, with secondary facial palsy and ossicular luxation. From the onset, the patient complained of pulsatile, left-sided tinnitus. After eight weeks, she developed left-sided ocular symptoms, progressing from conjunctival hyperaemia and orbital oedema to an abducens nerve palsy, and ultimately to heart failure. The case and the final diagnosis of carotico-cavernous fistula are discussed. Guidelines are proposed for a diag

Posterior semicircular canal nystagmus is conjugate and its axis is parallel to that of the canal.

A patient with a postoperative fistula of the left posterior semicircular canal is presented. Negative pressure in the external ear canal pr … ated it. This law is clinically useful in diagnosing pathology of the vestibular end-organ, such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo or the superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome.

Analysis of etiology and clinical features of spontaneous downbeat nystagmus: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the topical diagnosis, possible etiology and mechanism of spontaneous downbeat nystagmus (sDBN) patients with dizziness/vertigo. METHODS: The clinical features of dizziness/vertigo patients accompanied with DBN were retrospectively reviewed in the Vertigo Center of our hospital from January 2018 to March 2021. The clinical features of dizziness/vertigo patients accompanied with DBN were reviewed. Comprehensive VNG, bithermal caloric testing, video-head-impulse test (vHIT), vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP), head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), three-dime

Etiological classification and management of dizziness in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Dizziness in children, which could not be diagnosed at an early stage in the past, is becoming increasingly clear to a large ext … .7%, 95% CI: -11.2-32.6%), vestibular or semicircular canal dysfunction (9.20%, 95% CI: 5.7-15.0%), benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)(7.20%, 95% CI: 3.9-11.5%), and orthostatic dysregulation (6.8%, 95% CI: 3.4-13.0%). Vestibular migraine (20.3%, 95% CI: 15.4-25.2%) was the most seen etiological diagnosis associated with central vertigo in children. In addition, we found the …

Acute Vertigo After COVID-19 Vaccination: Case Series and Literature Review.

Objective: The aim of this study was to present some cases of acute vertigo potentially related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) v … entral HINTS." Discussion and Conclusions: The 9 patients had an evoked nystagmus pathognomonic for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; in the remaining 17 cases, peripheral vestibular dysfunction could be excluded and central disorder may be suggested. Due to the prevalence of nystagmus of non-peripheral origin, a central nervous system involvement could not be excluded. However, …

Conversion of posterior canal BPPV to lateral canal BPPV following the Epley maneuver.

INTRODUCTION: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is caused by freely floating otoconia in the semicircular canals. The posterior canal is the most affected, with the lateral and superior canals less frequently. Canal-specific repositioning maneuvers effectively treat BPPV, but otoconia can migrate between canals, causing "conversion syndrome". CASE SUMMARY: A 56-year-old woman with left posterior canal BPPV underwent an Epley maneuver. Immediate retesting revealed conversion to left lateral canal BPPV, which was successfully treated with a Baloh-Lempert maneuver. At one-week follow-u…

Vertigo during the Epley maneuver and success rate in patients with BPPV.

To investigate whether reported vertigo during the Epley maneuver predicts therapeutic success in patients with benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo of the posterior semicircular canal (pc-BPPV). Fifty consecutive adult patients with pc-BPPV, based on a positive Dix-Hallpike test (DHT), were treated with the Epley maneuver and retested after 2 days. Patients were asked to report the presence of vertigo upon assuming each of the four positions of the maneuver. Thirty seven patients (74 %) were treated successfully in one session. Twenty out of 23 patients who reported vertigo at turning the he

The epidemiology of dizziness and vertigo.

This chapter gives an overview of the epidemiology of dizziness, vertigo, and imbalance, and of specific vestibular disorders. In the last d … lent complaint particularly affecting healthy aging. Studies have documented the high prevalence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and vestibular migraine (VM), as well as of comorbid anxiety at the population level. BPPV and VM are largely underdiagnosed, while Menière's disease, which is about 10 times less frequent than BPPV, appears to be overdiagnosed. Risk factor r …

Update on diagnosis and differential diagnosis of vestibular migraine.

BACKGROUND: Vestibular migraine (VM) is considered the most common cause of spontaneous episodic vertigo and the second most common cause of … ssociated with VM. Thus, VM should be differentiated from other diseases such as Meniere's disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, migraine with brainstem aura, vestibular neuritis, posterior circulation ischemia, multiple lacunar infarction, vestibular paroxysmia, motion sickness, and episodic ataxia type 2. CONCLUSION: Only if the diagnostic criteria of VM and differential …

Positional nystagmus is observed in the vast majority of healthy individuals.

INTRODUCTION: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a vestibular disease characterized by brief  positional vertigo. When examined, characteristic patterns of positional nystagmus (PN) are found with specific head position changes. Previous studies have shown a high prevalence of PN among vestibular healthy subjects. Considering the current diagnostic criteria of BPPV and the potentially high prevalence of PN in healthy individuals, this raises the question of potential over diagnosing BPPV, if diagnostics are based exclusively upon objective findings. This study aims to determine the…