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Cladribine tablets versus other disease-modifying oral drugs in achieving no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) in multiple sclerosis-A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Assuming full control of the relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is the main target for practitioners. Disease contr … is to compare cladribine tablets (CT) with oral disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) - fingolimod (FTY), dimethyl fumarate (DMF), and teriflunomide (TERI) - with regard to NEDA-3 and its clinical (relapse and disability progression) and MRI (no new T1 Gd+ lesions or no new T2 lesions or no enlargement of existing lesions) components occurrence during a 24-month follow-u …

Clinical Outcomes of Escalation vs Early Intensive Disease-Modifying Therapy in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.

IMPORTANCE: Uncertainty remains about how aggressively to treat early multiple sclerosis. High-efficacy disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are often reserved for individuals expressing poor prognostic features at baseline. OBJECTIVE: To analyze long-term outcomes in a population-based cohort according to initial treatment strategy. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: In this cohort study, data were derived from January 1998 to December 2016, and analysis was performed in January 2017. From a total of 720 patients prescribed a DMT, 592 (82%) were included in analysis. Reasons for exclusion were

Long-Term Clinical and Psychological Efficacy and Safety of Ocrelizumab in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Real-World Longitudinal Study.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease affecting the central nervous system. Oc … patients were DMT-naïve, while 30 patients were on other DMTs, including interferon-β, fingolimod, dimethyl fumarate, natalizumab, or teriflunomide. Demographic characteristics, clinical outcomes, including Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), annualized relapse rate (ARR), timed 25-foot walk (T25FW) test, and nine-hole peg test (9-HPT), as well as psychologic …

Действенность и безопасность оральных препаратов, изменяющих болезни, при лечении повторно излучающего многообразного склероза: систематический обзор и сетевой метаанализ.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: Повторный множественный склероз (RRMS) является хроническим воспалительным демиелинистическим заболеванием, затрагивающим центральную нервную систему и характеризующимся сложным патогенезом и увеличением годовой заболеваемости. Несмотря на то, что в настоящее время клинические мероприятия в рамках ОРУО носят разнообразный характер, по-прежнему относительно мало прямых сравнительных исследований по вопросам эффективности и безопасности различных перорально-модифицирующих препаратов, что приводит к недостаточности всеобъемлющих данных.ЦЕЛЬ: Цель настоящего исследования заключается в

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous syst … ed. The NMA results demonstrated that Siponimod, Ponesimod, Laquinimod, Fingolimod, Cladribine, and Dimethyl Fumarate were all superior to placebo in reducing annualized relapse rates in patients with multiple sclerosis, with Siponimod (2 mg; SUCRA = 86.9%) and Laquinimod 0.3 mg (SUCRA = 10.1%) being the best and worst treatments, respectively. Regarding adverse ev …

Radiation response of cells during altered protein thiol redox.

The major focus of this work was to investigate how altered protein thiol redox homeostasis affects radiation-induced cell death. We used the cells of wild-type CHO cell line K1, the CHO cell line E89, which is null for G6PD activity, and a radiation-sensitive CHO cell line, XRS5. The protein-thiol redox status of cells was altered with cell-permeable disulfides, hydroxyethyldisulfide (HEDS) or lipoate. HEDS is primarily reduced by thioltransferase (glutaredoxin), with GSH as the electron donor. In contrast, lipoate is reduced by thioredoxin reductase. HEDS was reduced at a greater rate than l

Update on treatment in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. In recent years, many disease-modifying therapies (DMT) have been approved for MS treatment. For this reason, a profound knowledge of the characteristics and indications of the available compounds is required to tailor the therapeutic strategy to the individual patient characteristics. This should include the mechanism of action and pharmacokinetic of the drug, the safety and efficacy profile provided by clinical trials, as well as the understanding of possible side effects. Moreover, the evolving knowledg

Adherence and persistence to self-administered disease-modifying therapies in patients with multiple sclerosis: A multisite analysis.

BACKGROUND: Though there are several disease-modifying therapy (DMT) options for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), treatment outcomes r … lf-administered DMTs filled among 968 patients were glatiramer acetate (32%), fingolimod (18%), and dimethyl fumarate (18%). Most patients (96%) did not switch DMT during the study period. The median PDC was 0.97 (interquartile range 0.90-0.99), which was similar across all sites. Patients who had at least one DMT switch were 76% less likely to have a higher PDC th …

Effectiveness of Disease-Modifying Therapies in Patients With Late-Onset Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The benefit of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is believed to decrease with age. We aimed to compare disease outcomes with DMTs between patients with late-onset RRMS (LO-RRMS) and adult-onset RRMS (AO-RRMS). METHODS: This was a single-center, longitudinal, prospective analysis of patients who fulfilled the following criteria: (1) a diagnosis of RRMS and (2) initiation of a new DMT (dimethyl fumarate, fingolimod, glatiramer acetate, natalizumab, and ocrelizumab) within 3 months. Patients were followed up at years 1 …

Thalamic and cerebral white matter volumes allow for identification of cognitively impaired patients with early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

AIM OF THE STUDY: To identify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predictors of cognitive decline among early relapsing-remitting multiple scle … [IQR 1.0-2.0], median disease duration 8 [IQR 5-12] years, 86.9% treated with platform DMTs, mostly dimethyl fumarate [47.7%], 46.9% treatment-naïve). In the multivariable model, predictors for differentiating MS patients with preserved cognition from control group were: T25-FWT (OR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.48-3.22 per second, p < 0.001), FSMC score (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1. …

Emergence of rheumatoid arthritis following exposure to natalizumab.

We report a patient with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, who developed rheumatoid arthritis after exposure to natalizumab. While som … ogren's antibodies. She fulfilled 2017 McDonald Criteria for multiple sclerosis, and was started on dimethyl fumarate. Three months later, she developed left foot numbness and urinary incontinence. MRI spine showed a new lesion at C7, and her therapy was escalated to natalizumab. Immediately after her initial natalizumab infusion, she experienced transient neck and …

Disease Activity in Pregnant and Postpartum Women With Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Ocrelizumab or Other Disease-Modifying Therapies.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Women with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at risk of disease reactivation in the early postpartum period. Ocrelizuma … or conservative (NAT-C; continued ≤4 weeks of gestation, restarted >1 month postpartum) strategies, dimethyl fumarate (DMF) or low-efficacy DMTs (interferon-beta, glatiramer acetate). Annualized relapse rates (ARRs) were calculated for 12-month prepregnancy, pregnancy, and 6-month postpartum periods. RESULTS: A total of 2,009 live births from 1,744 women were anal …

Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis: Diagnostics and Treatment (Review)

Рассеянный склероз (РС) – хроническое воспалительное аутоиммунное демиелинизирующее нейродегенеративное заболевание центральной нервной сист … only drugs approved for pediatric use are the beta interferons, glatiramer acetate, and fingolimod. Dimethyl fumarate, alemtuzumab, teriflunomide and ocrelizumab are at the different stages of clinical trials among children. The selected pilot studies show the efficacy of natalizumab in PMS.

Transcription Factor Nrf2 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Prevention of Cytokine Storm in COVID-19 Patients.

Nrf2 is a key transcription factor responsible for antioxidant defense in many tissues and cells, including alveolar epithelium, endothelium, and macrophages. Furthermore, Nrf2 functions as a transcriptional repressor that inhibits expression of the inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Critically ill patients with COVID-19 infection often present signs of high oxidative stress and systemic inflammation - the leading causes of mortality. This article suggests rationale for the use of Nrf2 inducers to prevent development of an excessive inflammatory response in COVID-19 patients.

Cladribine for people with multiple sclerosis.

RATIONALE: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, degenerative, autoimmune-mediated disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Although its … one NRSI with three years of follow-up (633 participants in cladribine group vs 2842 in fingolimod, dimethyl fumarate, and teriflunomide groups). Three reports assessed MRI outcomes. No studies reported quality of life or cognitive impairment. SYNTHESIS OF RESULTS: Randomised controlled trials Cladribine compared to placebo may have little to no effect on the risk …

Differential induction of ATF3 and HO-1 in myeloid cells and keratinocytes via Dimethylfumarate or Cyclosporine A.

BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammatory skin diseases are characterized by controlled proliferation of keratinocytes. Here, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) might play a fundamental role. In these inflammatory diseases, proliferation is controlled and only rarely leads to cancer development which can be supported by an inflammatory microenvironment. ATF3 is a dual function protein as it suppresses pro-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-8, but also acts as a pro-oncogenic factor by the suppression of p53. We therefore analyzed ATF3 expression comparing myeloid cells with keratinocytes. OBJECTIVE: To di

Glutamate, T cells and multiple sclerosis.

Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the nervous system, where it induces multiple beneficial and essential effects. Yet, e … 4 on EAE calls for testing GluR4 enhancers in MS patients. Oral MS therapeutics, namely Fingolimod, dimethyl fumarate and their respective metabolites Fingolimod-phosphate and monomethyl fumarate, can protect neurons against acute glutamatergic excitotoxic damage. Furthermore, Fingolimod reduce glutamate-mediated intracortical excitability in relapsing-remitting MS …

Electronic health record data for assessing risk of hospitalization for COVID-19: Methodological considerations applied to multiple sclerosis.

IntroductionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, electronic health record (EHR) data has been used to investigate disease severity and risk factors … alization for COVID-19. Then, we identified 5,169 pwMS using ocrelizumab (OCR) and 3,351 pwMS using dimethyl fumarate (DMF) at baseline, and evaluated the distribution of the identified COVID-19 risk factors between the two groups. Finally, we used Cox regression models, adjusted for the identified confounders, to estimate the risk of hospitalization for COVID-19 i …

[American Academy of Neurology, Washington, 18-25 April 2015].

CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES: The benefit of the thrombectomy using stents retrievers in the acute stroke phase is now demonstrated when there i … r second-line therapeutics, alemtuzumab may be an interesting alternative treatment. Teriflunomide, dimethyl fumarate and fingolimod are oral treatments with confirmed efficacy and acceptable safety. Besides vitamin D insufficiency and smoking, which are confirmed risk factors for the disease, testosterone insufficiency (in males) and obesity are emerging risk fact …

The Role of Iron-Overloaded Macrophages in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence and Anemia in Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Protocol for an In Vitro Study.

BACKGROUND: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are a group of highly heterogeneous myeloid clonal diseases. Anemia is the most common clinical … d without pharmacological inhibitors (5,6-dichloro-1-β-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole) or activators (dimethyl fumarate) of Nrf2. RESULTS: The study received ethics approval in December 2024. Patient recruitment and sample collection are in progress. As of December 2025, a total of 85 samples had been accrued. Pilot experiments to optimize macrophage differentiation …

Dimethylfumarate inhibits NF-{kappa}B function at multiple levels to limit airway smooth muscle cell cytokine secretion.

The antipsoriatic dimethylfumarate (DMF) has been anecdotically reported to reduce asthma symptoms and to improve quality of life of asthma patients. DMF decreases the expression of proinflammatory mediators by inhibiting the transcription factor NF-kappaB and might therefore be of interest for the therapy of inflammatory lung diseases. In this study, we determined the effect of DMF on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB- and TNFalpha-induced asthma-relevant cytokines and NF-kappaB activation by primary human asthmatic and nonasthmatic airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC). Confluent nonasthm