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Modified measles versus rubella versus atypical measles: One and same thing.

INTRODUCTION: In outbreak settings, more than one virus may be infecting the given population. In twin or triple outbreak of measles, German measles (rubella), and varicella in highly immunized hilly areas, maximal number of the case patients in all the hilly villages belonged to the older age group. It suggested an obvious shift to the higher age group, warranting second dose opportunity in such case scenario. The clinical presentations of viral diseases are too similar to differentiate. The aim is to clearly categorize the case patients of modified measles, rubella, and atypical measles in o

Good epidemiologic practice in retinitis pigmentosa: from phenotyping to biobanking.

Inherited retinal dystrophies, such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP), include a group of relatively rare hereditary diseases caused by mutations … arge-scale research projects, in which the collaboration between ophthalmologists, geneticists, and epidemiologists becomes a crucial aspect. In the present review, the main issues regarding clinical phenotyping and epidemiologic criticisms of RP are focused, especially highlighting the importance of both standardization of the diagnostic protocols and appropriat …

[An epidemic risk of yellow fever in Burkina Faso despite a rapid immunisation riposte: role of a multidisciplinary investigation team].

UNLABELLED: On October 8, 1999, one yellow fever (YF) case is confirmed in the South West of Burkina Faso by the Centre Muraz' virology unit. Epidemic extension is suspected as large movements of population are occurring due to troubles in Côte d'Ivoire nearby and as the Aedes vector is endemic in the region. On October 23, the Gaoua's Health Regional Head immunizes 1,000 people around the detected YF case, i.e. 70% of the estimated population and requests an epidemiological investigation. A multidisciplinary team (epidemiologist, entomologist, virologist) from the Centre Muraz, a medical rese

National enhanced surveillance of meningococcal disease in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, January 1999-June 2001.

Enhanced surveillance of meningococcal disease (ESMD) was implemented nationally across ten regions of England, Wales and Northern Ireland from 1 January 1999. It aims to deliver more sensitive surveillance than laboratory reporting by including clinically diagnosed but laboratory unconfirmed cases. Consultants in Communicable Disease Control (CsCDC) report all clinically diagnosed cases of meningococcal disease (MD) to the Regional Epidemiologist in the relevant regional unit of the Public Health Laboratory Service (PHLS) Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC). These reports are reco

Консенсуальные рекомендации по диагностике и лечению расстройства спектра нейромиелита: обзор саудовской группы экспертов.

Нейромиелит Оптика Спектрум (NMOSD) — редкое аутоиммунное демиелионирующее расстройство центральной нервной системы (CNS), которое в основном влияет на зрительный нерв и спинной мозг. Несмотря на прогресс в понимании НМОСБ, проблемы в области управления сохраняются. В 2022 году были опубликованы рекомендации саудовских экспертов в отношении управления НМОСР. Вместе с тем утверждение новых методов регулирования и последние изменения в понимании МУГАД потребовали обновления рекомендаций. Цель этого исследования заключалась в разработке ориентированных на экспертов, основанных на фактических данн

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) t … of NMOSD in Saudi Arabia. METHODS: A multidisciplinary panel of neurologists, neuroimmunologists, epidemiologists, and pharmacists was convened under the Saudi Neurology Society - Multiple Sclerosis Chapter. The process included a systematic literature review and a GRADE assessment of 56 studies. Recommendations were drafted and refined by two independent revie …

Automated cooling tower detection through deep learning for Legionnaires' disease outbreak investigations: a model development and validation study.

BACKGROUND: Cooling towers containing Legionella spp are a high-risk source of Legionnaires' disease outbreaks. Manually locating cooling to … Athens [GA, USA]). We compared the search speed of the model with that of manual searching by four epidemiologists. FINDINGS: The model identified visible cooling towers with 95·1% sensitivity (95% CI 94·0-96·1) and a PPV of 90·1% (95% CI 90·0-90·2) in New York City and Philadelphia. In Boston, sensitivity was 91·6% (89·2-93·7) and PPV was 80·8% (80·5-81·2). In …

COVID-19 pandemic in Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) region: implication for capacity strengthening at Point of Entry.

Free movement between countries without a visa is allowed within the 15-country Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) region. H … trol mechanism, and existence of networks of infection prevention and control specialists and field epidemiologists. However, political instabilities in some countries pose a threat to government commitments to PoE activities. The capacity to respond to public health emergencies at PoE in the ECOWAS region is still below IHR standard. Public health capacities at …

CoxBase: an Online Platform for Epidemiological Surveillance, Visualization, Analysis, and Typing of Coxiella burnetii Genomic Sequences.

Q (query) fever is an infectious zoonotic disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Coxiella burnetii. Although the disease has been stu … n and analyses. This platform is a valuable resource for laboratory researchers as well as research epidemiologists interested in investigating the relatedness or dissimilarity among C. burnetii strains.

Toenails as biomarker of exposure to essential trace metals: A review.

Health problems associated with essential trace metals can result from both inadequate (i.e., low intake) and excessive exposures (i.e., from environmental and/or occupational source). Thus, measuring the exposure level is a real challenge for epidemiologists. Among non-invasive biomarkers that intend to measure long-term exposure to essential trace metals, the toenail is probably the biological matrix with the greatest potential. This systematic review collects the current evidence regarding the validity of toenail clippings as exposure biomarker for trace metals such as boron, cobalt, copper…

US State Public Health Departments Special Pathogen Planning.

CONTEXT: US state public health departments played key roles in planning for and responding to confirmed and suspected cases of Ebola virus … stributed to publicly accessible e-mails of state health department employees. PARTICIPANTS: State epidemiologists, emergency preparedness directors, or chief medical officers from each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia were contacted; a representative from 36 states and the District of Columbia responded (73%). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Descriptive st …

The Long-Term Effects of Maternal Postnatal Depression on a Child's Intelligence Quotient: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies Based on 974 Cases.

OBJECTIVE: Epidemiologists have explored the relationship between maternal postnatal depression (PND) and the intelligence quotient (IQ) of the resulting offspring, but the results remain inconclusive. This study aims to analyze the literature regarding the association between maternal PND and a child's IQ. DATA SOURCES: A search of articles in PubMed, Web of Science, and MEDLINE databases from inception to September 2015 was conducted and supplemented by a manual search of relevant reference lists. The following search terms were used: (postpartum OR postnatal OR puerperal) AND (depression O…

Cancer incidence and risks in selected agricultural settlements in the Negev of Israel.

Medical staff of two Negev kibbutzim invited epidemiologists to help them investigate cancer rates among their members. Our objectives were (a) to determine whether the cancer rate in the kibbutzim was elevated or abnormal and (b) to determine the role of agricultural and other relevant exposures if cancer incidence was elevated. We validated cases of cancer by kibbutz records and by surveying other information; we computed expected values on the basis of the age-sex-calendar period and site-specific cancer incidence rates reported by the Israel Cancer Registry for the entire population; and w…

Experts' Opinions on the Sustainable Use of Digital Health Tools for Effective Future Pandemic Preparedness and Response: Questionnaire Study.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the potential role of digital health tools in enhancing pandemic preparedness and response. T … igital epidemiology, considering the current landscape of digital determinants of health. METHODS: Epidemiologists, public health specialists, data scientists, and professionals with expertise in various components of digital health were recruited through convenience and snowball sampling methods. Their opinions were elicited using an electronic questionnaire de …

Transdisciplinary training to address challenges in genomic epidemiology of infectious diseases.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the emergence and detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern highlighted the pivotal role of genomic epidemiology in public health decision and policy making. The pandemic also revealed a need for genomic epidemiologists to effectively engage with a broader audience, including policymakers and the public. To address this need, we introduced a new transdisciplinary training workshop, "From Trees to Public Health Policy," at the Virus Evolution and Molecular Epidemiology (VEME) 2022 workshop in Panama City, designed to foster an enhanced understanding of the curren…

Estimating the hazard rate difference from case-cohort studies.

The case-cohort design, among many two-phase sampling designs, substantially reduces the cost of an epidemiological study by selecting more … fying the high-risk population of CHD that the traditional risk factors such as the LDL-C may miss. Epidemiologists are encouraged to use this new tool to analyze other case-cohort studies and incorporate auxiliary variables embedded in the full cohort in their analysis.

Learnings from the design and acceptance of the German COVID-19 tracing app for IS-driven crisis management: a design science research.

BACKGROUND: This article investigates the research problem of digital solutions to overcome the pandemic, more closely examining the limited … 3 participants from Germany for evaluating the current app, (2) a gathering of recommendations from epidemiologists and from a focus group discussion with IT and health experts identifying relevant functional requirements, and (3) an online survey combined with testing our prototype with 53 participants to evaluate the enhanced tracing app. RESULTS: This contrib …

Core outcome set for studies on pregnant women with vasa previa (COVasP): a study protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Vasa previa is a condition where fetal blood vessels run unprotected in the membranes, outside the umbilical cord, and cross t … s, family members and patient advocates/representatives, (2) healthcare providers, (3) researchers, epidemiologists and methodologists and (4) other stakeholders directly or indirectly involved in the management of these pregnancies such as administrators, guideline developers and policymakers. The fourth step will involve a face-to-face consensus meeting using a …

Spores and soil from six sides: interdisciplinarity and the environmental biology of anthrax (Bacillus anthracis).

Environmentally transmitted diseases are comparatively poorly understood and managed, and their ecology is particularly understudied. Here w … the Etosha ecosystem. Through the lens of microbiologists, geneticists, immunologists, ecologists, epidemiologists, and clinicians, we discuss how anthrax dynamics are shaped at the smallest scale by population genetics and interactions within the bacterial communities up to the broadest scales of ecosystem structure. We illustrate the benefits and challenges of …

[Streptococcus suis infection--clinical manifestations].

INTRODUCTION: Streptococcus suis is a bacterium causing a disease in pigs and rarely in humans. This zoonosis is mostly found as a sporadic … treptococcus suis infections must be suspected. Effective prevention requires collaboration between epidemiologists, veterinarians and human medicine physicians.

Occupational exposures and pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Consolidation of epidemiological data on pancreatic cancer and worksite exposures. METHODS: Publications during 1969-98 were surveyed. Studies without verified exposures were excluded. Meta-analyses were conducted on data from 92 studies covering 161 populations, with results for 23 agents or groups of agents. With a standard format, five epidemiologists extracted risk estimates and variables of the structure and quality of each study. The extracted data were centrally checked. Random meta-models were applied. RESULTS: Based on 20 populations, exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbon …