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Myofascial pain syndrome in the differential diagnosis of chronic abdominal pain.

Myofascial pain syndrome is a painful musculoskeletal condition, and a quite common cause of chronic pain. It is characterized by the development of trigger points that are locally tender when active, and refer pain through specific patterns to other areas of the body. Its etiological factors are various; trauma, vertebral column diseases, systemic disorders, psychological distress, lack of motion, and chilling of the body parts. Myofascial pain syndrome may be misdiagnosed as arising from a visceral source especially if its probability is not kept in mind and a proper patient examination is l…

Pain in somatoform disorders: is somatoform pain disorder a valid diagnosis?

OBJECTIVE: Investigate the validity of DSM-IIIR somatoform pain disorder (SPD) by comparing subgroups of somatoform disorder patients on several measures of psychopathology. METHOD: A total of 144 patients with unexplained physical symptoms were referred from non-psychiatric departments. Among these, 127 patients with somatoform disorders were identified, classified according to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM (SCID) diagnostic interview, and rated with scales for somatization, anxiety, depression and personality traits. RESULTS: Patients presenting pain did not differ significantl…

Effects of gender and acute dental pain on thermal pain responses.

OBJECTIVE: Considerable research suggests that females exhibit greater sensitivity to laboratory pain procedures than do males; however, whether the presence of acute clinical pain influences this sex difference in pain sensitivity has not been investigated. The present experiment investigated the effects of sex and acute dental pain on laboratory pain responses. DESIGN: Thermal pain onset and tolerance were determined in 46 dental patients (15 male, 31 female) experiencing pain due to acute irreversible pulpitis and in 33 healthy controls (13 male, 20 female). In addition, measures of mood a…

Transdermal fentanyl for pain control in adults with chronic cancer pain.

The transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) for fentanyl is a drug-delivery system for use in patients with chronic pain who require an opioid analgesic. A multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TTS-fentanyl as an analgesic for chronic cancer pain. One hundred and thirty-eight patients entered a 15-day dose-titration period, followed by a 9-day double-blind period (95 patients) with TTS-fentanyl or placebo. Fifty-five patients entered a follow-up period of indefinite duration. For the majority of patients, TTS-fentanyl …

Preserved acute pain and reduced neuropathic pain in mice lacking PKCgamma.

In normal animals, peripheral nerve injury produces a persistent, neuropathic pain state in which pain is exaggerated and can be produced by nonpainful stimuli. Here, mice that lack protein kinase C gamma (PKCgamma) displayed normal responses to acute pain stimuli, but they almost completely failed to develop a neuropathic pain syndrome after partial sciatic nerve section, and the neurochemical changes that occurred in the spinal cord after nerve injury were blunted. Also, PKCgamma was shown to be restricted to a small subset of dorsal horn neurons, thus identifying a potential biochemical tar…

Atypical facial pain and other pain syndromes. Differential diagnosis and treatment.

Knowledge of each differential diagnosis of prosopalgia is important to any neurosurgeon who treats facial pain. Pain control is possible with treatment specific to the diagnosis, including those forms of facial pain known to be the most difficult to treat. An outline for the management of atypical facial pain, anesthesia dolorosa, and postherpetic neuralgia is presented with a review of the correlative anatomy for each surgical procedure.

Observation of pain behaviors during episodes of sickle cell disease pain.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the utility of a brief behavioral observation method to quantify pain. DESIGN: Correlational study. PATIENTS: 31 sickle cell disease (SCD) patients first seen in an outpatient clinic in painful crisis. OUTCOME MEASURES: Observed pain behaviors, physician rating of patient pain on a 0 to 10 scale, patient rating of pain on a 0 to 10 scale, and patient pain report from the McGill Pain Questionnaire. RESULTS: High interrater reliability for the brief behavioral observation was found, and observed pain behavior was found to correlate significantly with physician ratings of…

Iliac crest pain syndrome in low back pain: frequency and features.

A specific regional pain syndrome, the iliac crest pain syndrome (ICPS), defined by typical local tenderness over the medial part of the iliac crest, was recently found in hospital referred patients with chronic low back pain (LBP). To validate the prevalence of ICPS in different patient settings and to present quantitative data about associated clinical features, we prospectively studied 204 consecutive patients with LBP from a general practice (n = 40), an occupational health service (n = 124) and a rheumatology clinic (n = 40). ICPS was found in 53, 33 and 58%, respectively (41% of the tota…

Acute experimental dental pain: a technique for evaluating pain modulating procedures.

A simple method for bipolar electrical stimulation of the tooth pulp for evaluating pain modulating procedures is described. Stimulation selectivity has been studied by means of cortical evoked potentials before and after gum anaesthesia. Results obtained by constant current and constant voltage stimulation have been compared. Constant voltage stimulation has proved to be more stable in time. This technique is able to differentiate the analgesic effect of a single dose of i.v. lysine acetylsalicylate from saline. Threshold sensation was judged as painful by about half of the subjects.

Investigating The Bidirectional Relationship Between Low Back Pain, Hip Pain, Knee Pain, And Gait Abnormalities: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Gait abnormalities are associated with altered lower-limb biomechanics and functional impairment in musculoskeletal disorders. Although low back pain, hip pain, and knee pain have been linked to impaired gait in observational studies, their causal relationships remain unclear. We conducted a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study to assess potential causal associations between site-specific pain and gait abnormalities. Independent single nucleotide polymorphisms from large-scale genome-wide association studies were used as genetic instruments for low back pain, hip pain, and knee pai…

Impact of intraindividual pain variability on functional pain outcomes among adults with chronic pain: an ecological momentary assessment study.

Chronic pain is a significant public health problem linked to notable functional impairment and economic burden. Despite considerable research attention, chronic pain treatments only yield small to medium sized effects for pain complaints. Better understanding the pain experience may help improve treatment outcomes for pain. Specifically, intraindividual variation in pain intensity represents a potentially important avenue that captures the dynamic nature of pain and may improve overall understanding of pain. Limited work has examined metrics of intraindividual pain variation across chronic pa…

The Relationship of Pain Intensity, Perceived Injustice, and Pain Catastrophizing to Heart Rate Variability In Naturally Occurring Acute Pain.

OBJECTIVES: Behavioral factors of pain catastrophizing and perceived injustice are associated with pain intensity in chronic pain. Diminished heart rate variability (HRV) is also strongly associated with chronic pain. These factors have been less explored earlier in the pain experience and it is unclear whether they play a role in the transition from acute to chronic pain. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between pain catastrophizing, perceived injustice, pain intensity, and HRV in naturally occurring acute pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-seven patients were recruit…

Pain catastrophizing levels differentiate between common diseases with pain: HIV, fibromyalgia, complex regional pain syndrome, and breast cancer survivors.

OBJECTIVES: Pain catastrophizing is a core psychological factor determining pain experience. We addressed the question of whether patients with different pain syndromes group into different pain catastrophizing phenotypes. METHODS: A total of 727 patients with chronic pain associated with four primary syndromes: Breast cancer (BC) survivors (n = 400), fibromyalgia (FM, n = 52), complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS, n = 155), and HIV (n = 120) were first studied for differences in levels of pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale, PCS) and pain intensity by analysis of variance. Subse…

Взаимосвязь между болеутоляющими характеристиками и болеутоляющим воздействием герпеса в связи с зостерской болью: одноцентровое ретроспективное исследование.

Вирус вирицелла-зостера (VZV) может вызвать герпес-зостер (HZ), который может перейти к постгерпетической нервной (PHN), что приводит к серьезным подстрекательским реакциям и боли. ЦЕЛЬ: В рамках этого исследования изучается взаимосвязь между продолжительностью боли и интенсивностью боли у пациентов с болью, связанной с герпесом, гипотезой о том, что постоянная боль соотносится с более высокой болью по сравнению с периодической болью. МЕТОДЫ: Ретроспективное исследование было проведено во второй родственной больнице Гуансийского медицинского университета, Китай. Были проанализированы данные о

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: The varicella-zoster virus (VZV) can cause herpes zoster (HZ), which may progress to postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), leading to severe inflammatory responses and pain. OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the relationship between pain duration characteristics and pain intensity in patients with herpes zoster-related pain, hypothesizing that persiste…

Chronic pain in Chile: first prevalence report of noncancer chronic pain, fibromyalgia, and neuropathic pain and its associated factors.

Although we know chronic pain (CP) affects approximately 30% of people in developed countries, data from Latin America are scarce. Moreover, prevalence of specific CP conditions, such as chronic noncancer pain (CNCP), fibromyalgia (FM), and neuropathic pain (NP), is unknown. To estimate them in Chile, we prospectively enrolled 1945 participants (61.4% women and 38.6% men), aged 38 to 74 years, from an agricultural town who answered a Pain Questionnaire, the Fibromyalgia Survey Questionnaire, and Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) to identify CNCP, FM, and NP, respectively. The estimated prevalence …

Pain-Related Stigma and Its Associations With Clinical and Experimental Pain Severity in Youth With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Conditions.

OBJECTIVE: Many children with chronic musculoskeletal pain conditions experience stigma which can have negative downstream consequences. This study compares ratings of clinical pain (current pain intensity and pain interference), experimental pain (temporal summation, cold water tolerance, and cold pain intensity), and pain-related stigma among three groups of youth with rheumatic conditions. The relations among ratings of pain-related stigma and pain variables were explored. METHODS: Eighty-eight youth aged 8-17 years with a diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA = 32), juvenile fib…

Pain catastrophizing, pain sensitivity and fear of pain are associated with early life environmental unpredictability: a path model approach.

BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic disadvantages in the childhood environment might strongly influence beliefs and behavior characterizing the adult years. When children experience unpredictable and adverse situations, they develop an unpredictability schema with the core belief that situations are unpredictable. METHODS: In two studies, we examined the association of childhood socioeconomic disadvantages with self-reported pain sensitivity, pain catastrophizing, and pain-related fear. Multidimensional survey measures were used to assess environmental conditions experienced in childhood. In addition, …

Neural dynamics of pain expression processing: Alpha-band synchronization to same-race pain but desynchronization to other-race pain.

Both electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have revealed enhanced neural responses to perceived pain in same-race than other-race individuals. However, it remains unclear how neural responses in the sensorimotor, cognitive, and affective subsystems vary dynamically in the first few hundreds of milliseconds to generate racial ingroup favoritism in empathy for pain. We recorded magnetoencephalography signals to pain and neutral expressions of Asian and white faces from Chinese adults during judgments of racial identity of each face. We found that pain compared …

Examining the Adjustment Patterns of Adults With Multiple Chronic Pain Conditions and Multiple Pain Sites: More Pain, No Gain.

The present study examined how multiple chronic pain conditions and pain sites are associated with sociodemographics, chronic pain adjustment profiles, and emotional distress. A total of 2,407 individuals who reported at least 6 months of having consistent pain severity, pain interference, and/or emotional burden due to pain were recruited through random digit dialing across the United States. Participants' chronic pain adjustment profiles (ie, pain intensity, pain interference, emotional burden, pain catastrophizing, pain coping, pain attitudes, and social resources) were assessed. Anxiety an…