Результаты поиска

Передача интерферона бета в термин плацентаэ.

ЦЕЛЬ: Увеличение риска рецидива наблюдается в послеродовой период у женщин с множественным склерозом (MS), что предполагает, что во время беременности может рассматриваться возможность лечения с помощью терапии, изменяющей болезнь. Совместные исследования по вопросам безопасности интерферона бета (IFN-β) в период беременности перекликаются с ранней беременностью. Здесь мы используем лабораторные тесты для изучения переноса IFN-β в термине плацента. МЕТОДЫ: Используя термин " плацентальная ткань " (n=3) мы провели экс vivo двойные плацентальные перфузии в течение 6 часов, добавив IFN-

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: An increased risk of relapse is seen postpartum in women with multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting treatment with disease modifyin … ed towards early pregnancy. Here we use laboratory tests to study the transfer of IFN-β in the term placenta. METHODS: Using term placental tissue (n=3) we conducted ex vivo dual placental perfusions over 6 hours, adding IFN-β to the maternal circulation and sampling the fetal circulation to determine its transfer. RESULTS: Minimal transfer between the m …

Cannabinoids and the placenta: Receptors, signaling and outcomes.

Cannabis use during pregnancy is increasing. The improvement of pregnancy-related symptoms including morning sickness and management of mood … sing number of pregnancies that are exposed to isolated cannabinoids. Both Δ9-THC and CBD cross the placenta and can impact the fetus directly, but the receptors through which cannabinoids act are also expressed throughout the placenta, suggesting that the effects of in-utero cannabinoid exposure may include indirect effects from the placenta. In-utero can …

Mpox Virus in Pregnancy, the Placenta, and Newborn.

CONTEXT.—: Before its eradication, the smallpox virus was a significant cause of poor obstetric outcomes, including maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The mpox (monkeypox) virus is now the most pathogenic member of the Orthopoxvirus genus infecting humans. The 2022 global mpox outbreak has focused attention on its potential effects during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE.—: To understand the comparative effects of different poxvirus infections on pregnancy, including mpox virus, variola virus, vaccinia virus, and cowpox virus. The impact on the pregnant individual, fetus, and placenta will be ex…

Management of a rare case of placenta trophotropism.

There are several variations of placental shape or implantation. Multilobed placentas are thought to arise due to implantation in areas of decreased uterine perfusion. An example is represented by lateral implantation in between the anterior and posterior walls of the uterus. Other local factors leading to multilobation are implantation over leiomyomas, in areas of previous surgery, in the cornu, or over the cervical os. After implantation, there is preferential growth in areas of superior perfusion and atrophy in areas of poor perfusion. This is called trophotropism. We described a singular c…

The placenta as the window to congenital heart disease.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There is an increasing recognition that structural abnormalities and functional changes in the placenta can have deleterious effects on the development of the fetal heart. This article reviews the role of the placenta and the potential impact of placental insufficiency on fetuses with congenital heart disease. RECENT FINDINGS: The fetal heart and the placenta are directly linked because they develop concurrently with shared regulatory and signaling pathways. Placental disease is more common in pregnancies carrying a fetus with congenital heart disease and the fetal response…

Revisiting preeclampsia: a metabolic disorder of the placenta.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide, impacting the long-term health of both mother and offspring. PE has long been characterized by deficient trophoblast invasion into the uterus and consequent placental hypoperfusion, yet the upstream causative factors and effective interventional targets for PE remain unknown. Alterations in the metabolism of preeclamptic placentas are thought to result from placental ischemia, while disturbances of the metabolism and of metabolites in PE pathogenesis are largely ignored. In fact, as one of the larg…

Portal hypertension: The desperate search for the placenta.

We propose that the circulatory impairments produced, in both portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis, to a certain degree resemble those characterizing prenatal life in the fetus. In fact, the left-right circulatory syndrome is common in cirrhotic patients and in the fetus. Thus, in patients with portal hypertension and chronic liver failure, the re-expression of a blood circulation comparable to fetal circulation is associated with the development of similar amniotic functions, i.e., ascites production and placenta functions, and portal vascular enteropathy. Therefore, these re-expressed emb…

The diagnosis and management of morbidly adherent placenta.

The incidence of morbidly adherent placenta (MAP) has risen 13-fold since the early 1900s and is directly correlated with the rising rate of cesarean delivery. It is important for clinicians to screen all pregnancies for MAP at the time of routine second-trimester ultrasonography. In addition, patients with risk factors (e.g., multiple prior cesarean deliveries) should undergo targeted screening for MAP. Optimal maternal and fetal outcomes for these high-risk pregnancies result from accurate prenatal diagnosis and comprehensive multidisciplinary preparation and delivery between 34 and 36 weeks…

Telomere homeostasis in IUGR placentas - A review.

Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures located at the termini of chromosomes. They are essential for chromosome stability. Telomeres become shorter due to mitotic cycles and environmental factors. When telomeres are shortened and therefore dysfunctional, cellular senescence occurs and organ dysfunction might develop. During pregnancy, fetal growth restriction secondary to placental insufficiency has been linked to impaired telomere homeostasis in which telomeres are shorter, telomerase is decreased, and compensatory mechanisms of telomere capture are enhanced. These characteristics, along with…

[IMMUNOMORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE PLACENTA IN MULTIPLE PREGNANCIES].

Placentas clinical and immunological research in women with multiple pregnancy, noted the presence of morphological and functional, immunopathologic changes of varying severity. It is proved that in women with miscarriage at the level of multiple pregnancy placental insufficiency depends on the blood supply to the placenta and the nature of the inflammatory manifestations. The morphological pattern of placental disorders in miscarriage was revealed that the morphological features of placental insufficiency in non-infectious factors of miscarriage are early changes in the vessels of the decidua…

Placenta accreta as a cause of peripartum hysterectomy.

BACKGROUND: Our objective was to identify the risk factors associated with placenta accreta. METHODS: Cases of peripartum hysterectomy at University Hospital of Bratislava were identified in the period from January 1st 2008 to December 31th 2013. Included were only those cases which had a histological evidence of placenta accreta. RESULTS: Fifty patients, who underwent peripartum hysterectomy were included in the study. Between 2008 and 2013 eight cases of placenta accreta were identified. Five (62.5 %) of these were suspected before delivery. The overall incidence of PA was 0.19 per 1000 de…

Role of the Placenta in Preterm Birth: A Review.

Preterm birth is a multifactorial syndrome with a variety of risk factors and long-term health consequences for the child. Placental pathology provides important diagnostic information to ascertain the cause of preterm birth. For example, intra-amniotic infection is one risk factor, but accumulating evidence based on placental pathology, amniotic fluid cultures, and polymerase chain reaction studies suggests infection may be a less common cause of preterm birth than previously suspected, especially after 32 weeks' gestation. Instead, many cases of spontaneous preterm labor leading to preterm b…

Accuracy of ultrasound for the prediction of placenta accreta.

OBJECTIVE: Ultrasound has been reported to be greater than 90% sensitive for the diagnosis of accreta. Prior studies may be subject to bias because of single expert observers, suspicion for accreta, and knowledge of risk factors. We aimed to assess the accuracy of ultrasound for the prediction of accreta. STUDY DESIGN: Patients with accreta at a single academic center were matched to patients with placenta previa, but no accreta, by year of delivery. Ultrasound studies with views of the placenta were collected, deidentified, blinded to clinical history, and placed in random sequence. Six inve…

The role of the placenta in feto-neonatal infections.

The placenta and membranes may be infected by ascending bacteria from the maternal birth canal or by bacteria, virus and protozoa via haematogenous spread. The maternal and fetal inflammatory reactions, elicited by these microorganisms, are often associated with precise anatomo-pathological findings. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated a strong relationship between placental inflammation and important perinatal adverse outcomes, including neurologic impairment and chronic lung disease. For this reason, placenta examination is an important approach for understanding infection and/or inflammat…

Spectrum of changes in placenta in toxemia of pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: Toxemia of pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal mortality and is an important factor in fetal wastage. The incidence is high in developing countries with malnutrition, hypoproteinemia, and poor obstetric facilities. OBJECTIVES: The present study was undertaken to analyze placental changes in the preeclampsia-eclampsia syndrome with a view to assess the significance of villous abnormalities by histopathological methods because these changes serve as a guide to the duration and severity of disease. Gross abnormalities noted were the placental infarcts, retroplacental hematoma,…

The placenta: a main role in congenital toxoplasmosis?

Systemic infections, such as toxoplasmosis, acquired during pregnancy can lead to placental infection and have profound effects on the mother-to-child relationship and the success of pregnancy. Placental permeability to Toxoplasma gondii is a main parameter that determines parasite transmission to the foetus, and the use of antibiotics to decrease placental parasite load and prevent congenital toxoplasmosis has been suggested for decades. Although parasitological examination of the placenta at birth is commonly used to diagnose neonatal congenital toxoplasmosis, this approach can be controvers…