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Epigenetic Insights and Exosome-Based Therapeutics for Insomnia: Bridging Sleep Biology and Precision Medicine.

Insomnia is a multifactorial disorder characterized by persistent sleep disturbances arising from complex interactions among genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and neurophysiological factors. Recent advances in neuroepigenetics show that abnormal DNA methylation, histone modifications, and dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute significantly to circadian misalignment, stress response, and hyperarousal, which are central to the development of insomnia. Meanwhile, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) are emerging as promising tools for precise drug delivery because of their

Targeting the renin-angiotensin system in sepsis-associated AKI: from pathophysiology to precision medicine.

Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a common and life-threatening complication of sepsis. Increasing evidence suggests that dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is involved in its pathogenesis, but the direction of this dysregulation is not uniform. In some patients and experimental settings, elevated renin and angiotensin I levels are accompanied by an inadequate rise in circulating angiotensin II (Ang II), suggesting impaired effective Ang II generation and relative Ang II deficiency. In other contexts, persistent or excessive local Ang II signaling

Non-diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes: From Kidney Biopsy to Precision Medicine.

Non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD) is increasingly recognized as a significant and often underappreciated problem in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), accounting for a substantial proportion of kidney abnormalities identified through biopsy. Recent evidence shows that many patients do not have purely diabetic kidney changes; instead, a large share have non-diabetic or mixed pathologies. These findings challenge the long-standing assumption that kidney disease in diabetes is always due to diabetic nephropathy. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the prevalence, clin

Small Cell Lung Cancer in Transition: Recent Advances in Biology, Treatment, and Precision Medicine.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine malignancy associated with rapid proliferation, early metastatic spread, and poor long-term survival. Despite high initial responsiveness to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, most patients experience relapse, and therapeutic progress historically remained limited. Recent years, however, have seen meaningful advances that are beginning to reshape the management of SCLC. In extensive-stage disease, the incorporation of PD-L1 inhibitors into platinum-etoposide chemotherapy has established chemoimmunotherapy as the first-line standar

Emerging targeted therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from symptom control to precision medicine.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by substantial … hogenesis, therapeutic approaches are evolving from conventional symptom-oriented management toward precision medicine and mechanism-based targeted interventions. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in emerging targeted therapies for COPD, including monoclonal antibodies directed against key inflammatory pathways, small-molecule modulators targetin …

From pathogenesis to precision medicine in systemic lupus erythematosus: Emerging biomarkers and targeted interventions.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by immune dysregulation, autoantibody production, … ulti-omics integration, and machine learning techniques that allow for molecular stratification and precision medicine have been highlighted. Finally, standard of care treatments, approved biologics, and novel immunotherapies (e.g., CAR-T cell strategies and restoration of immune tolerance), as well as the unmet needs, have been summarized. Altogether, this review i …

Ferroptosis as a Nexus in Skeletal Muscle Pathophysiology: From Molecular Networks to Precision Medicine.

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, is a central pathological mechanism unifying diverse skeletal muscle … ker-stratified trials with repurposed drugs (e.g., SGLT2 inhibitors) to enable ferroptosis-targeted precision medicine for muscle diseases.

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Ophthalmic Regenerative Medicine: From Cell Replacement to Precision Engineering.

Adipose‑derived stem cells (ASCs) have emerged as a promising cell source in ophthalmic regenerative medicine, attributed to their accessibility, differentiation potential, and paracrine functions. Despite compelling preclinical evidence, clinical outcomes remain unsatisfactory. Departing from the conventional disease‑oriented categorization, this review adopts the cognitive evolution of ASC therapeutic mechanisms as its organizational thread, synthesizing evidence from 158 studies across six ophthalmic subspecialties. Four sequential paradigms are identified: (1) multilineage differentiation

OMICs data from Tunisian population: challenges and opportunities in the era of precision medicine.

OBJECTIVE: The transition to precision medicine (PM) is revolutionizing healthcare by enabling diagnostics and treatments tailored to individual molecular and genetic profiles, with omics sciences at its core. In Tunisia, growing interest is seen through initiatives such as Personalized Medicine in North Africa (PerMediNA). METHODS: This study assesses Tunisia's readiness for PM by mapping publicly available omics datasets and related publications using Tunisian human data. A structured search across PubMed and major repositories covered studies published between 2010 and 2023 involving high-…

Advanced nanocatalytic medicine for genitourinary diseases: Reactive oxygen modulation, precision therapeutics, and clinical translation.

Urological, kidney, and reproductive diseases comprise heterogeneous disorders, both malignant and nonmalignant, characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, fibrosis, immune dysregulation, and treatment resistance. Advanced nanocatalytic medicine (NCM) offers a precise therapeutic approach by exploiting disease-associated biochemical abnormalities, including acidic pH, hypoxia, elevated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, altered glutathione (GSH) metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and redox imbalance. Biocatalytic nanomaterials, including nanozymes, metallic and m

Super responders to biologic therapy in psoriasis: definitions, predictors, and implications for precision medicine.

Biologic therapies have revolutionized psoriasis management, yet treatment responses remain highly heterogeneous. A distinct subgroup of patients, termed super responders (SRs), achieves exceptionally rapid, complete, and sustained responses to biologic therapies. Understanding this phenotype is critical for advancing precision medicine in psoriasis. This review summarizes the latest advances in SRs, focusing on definitions, predictors, and therapeutic implications. Definitions of SRs vary widely across studies, differing in both temporal criteria and efficacy endpoints. Meanwhile, emerging ev…

Resistant to Ablation, Responsive to Hydroquinidine: Precision Medicine Guides Recovery in MEPPC Syndrome Cardiomyopathy.

We report a case of MEPPC syndrome presenting with severe dilated cardiomyopathy due to a pathogenic SCN5A p.Arg814Trp variant. Genetic diagnosis enabled precision pharmacotherapy with hydroquinidine, which suppressed multifocal Purkinje-origin ectopy resistant to catheter ablation and led to marked improvement in left ventricular function.

Protein Quantification Platforms For Use In Critical Care Precision Medicine Trials: A Scoping Review.

OBJECTIVES: Among precision medicine approaches in critical care, protein biomarker quantification offers a timely and reproducible route to patient subtyping, but the landscape of automated platforms suitable for near-patient deployment remains unclear. This review aimed to identify available automated platforms for quantitative measurement of human protein biomarkers in blood, serum, or plasma, in order to support planning for precision medicine trials. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, and Espacenet were searched for eligible sources. Relevant company correspondence was also included where ava…

Next-Generation Sequencing Refines Diagnosis and Expands Precision Medicine Opportunities in Soft Tissue Sarcomas.

Soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) are a heterogeneous group of rare mesenchymal malignancies with overlapping morphological and immunohistochemica … tification of actionable alterations highlighted potential opportunities for targeted therapies and precision medicine approaches. Our findings demonstrate that comprehensive molecular profiling significantly enhances diagnostic accuracy in pediatric soft tissue sarcomas, particularly in morphologically challenging cases. The integration of NGS into routine sarcoma …

Снимки нервной системы в системной нейропатии: мини-обзор экспериментальных и точных методов лечения.

Нейропатия маленького жира - это обычное осложнение метаболических, нейродегенеративных и связанных с лечением расстройств. Раннее обнаружение может быть проблематичным, поскольку установленные диагностические подходы могут быть инвазивными, ресурсоемкими или относительно нечувствительными к ранам, наносимым на ранних этапах малоразмерных частиц. Конфокальная микроскопия (CCM) представляет собой быструю и неинвазивную технологию визуализации, позволяющую количественно оценить подбассейный нервный слиз и предложенную в качестве биомаркера повреждённого периферийным малым фюзеляжем. Этот мини-об

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Small-fiber neuropathy is a common complication of metabolic, neurodegenerative, and treatment-related disorders. Early detection can be cha … tic and prognostic cut-off points. CCM is therefore a promising tool for translational research and precision medicine, but population-level differences in corneal nerve parameters should not be interpreted as establishing an individual diagnosis. At present, CCM should complement rather than replace established clinical, neurophysiological, functional, and patholog …

High-voltage electrical pulses for pancreatic cancer treatment in the era of precision medicine.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer (PC) presents a significant therapeutic challenge due to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Emerging evidence supports the efficacy of high-voltage electrical pulses (HVEPs) in PC treatment, leveraging dual benefits of pancreatobiliary duct integrity maintenance and immunogenicity activation. OBJECTIVE: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from January 2000 to January 2025. This review synthesizes recent advances in HVEPs for PC treatment, specifically focusing on clinical translation, mechanistic insights, and combi

Precision medicine: an intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with a novel RBPMS-MET fusion sensitive to crizotinib.

BACKGROUND: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor that starts from the epithelium of the bile duct and has a poor prognosis. They are characterized by poor response to chemotherapy and lack of effective targeted therapies; thus, therapeutic options are limited. CASE PRESENTATION: A 59-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for a workup of abnormal CA19-9 levels. He was diagnosed with ICC, underwent surgery and was found to have pT1bNx disease. He developed rapid disease recurrence on adjuvant gemcitabine + capecitabine. Following recurrence, he received first-line systemic p

Senescence-driven molecular subtyping in pancreatic cancer: a multi-omics framework for precision medicine.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a lethal malignancy with a five-year survival rate below 15%, largely due to tumor heterogeneity and limited therapeutic options. While senescence-related genes (SRGs) are implicated in cancer progression, their pancreas-specific roles in PDAC subtyping and treatment remain unexplored. METHODS: We integrated multi-omics data (RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, and whole-genome sequencing) from 402 pancreas-specific SRGs to classify PDAC subtypes through unsupervised clustering. Independent validation cohorts (TCGA-PAAD, n = 183; patient-derived organ

An AI-assisted morphoproteomic approach is a supportive tool in esophagitis-related precision medicine.

Esophagitis is a frequent, but at the molecular level poorly characterized condition with diverse underlying etiologies and treatments. Corr … ts in disease-specific molecular alterations and represents a promising tool in esophagitis-related precision medicine.

The Molecular Landscape of Inflammation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Targets for Precision Medicine.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic immune-mediated disorders characterized by mucosal injury, cycles of inflammation and repair, and tissue damage. Persistent inflammation accelerates epithelial turnover, generates oxidative and replication stress, and remodels the stromal niche, contributing to the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Systematic dysplasia surveillance remains essential. Cellular senescence has emerged as a unifying mechanism linking inflammation, impaired epithelial repair, fibrosis, and neoplasia. In UC, p1