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Anxiolytic and antidepressant activities of Pelargonium roseum essential oil on Swiss albino mice: Possible involvement of serotonergic transmission.

The anxiolytic and antidepressant activities of the Reunion Geranium (Pelargonium roseum Willd) essential oil (EO) were evaluated in male Swiss albino mice by intraperitoneal administration of 10, 20, and 50 mg/kg bw using elevated plus maze (EPM), open-field test (OFT), and forced swimming test (FST). Moreover, we evaluated whether the 5-HT1A and GABAA -benzodiazepine receptor systems are involved in the anxiolytic effects through the coadministration of WAY-100635 (a selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist) and flumazenil (an antagonist of benzodiazepine). GC-MS revealed the monoterpene alcohol

An estradiol-independent BDNF-NPY cascade is involved in the antidepressant effect of mechanical acupuncture instruments in ovariectomized rats.

Menopause-related depression devastates women's quality of life after middle age. Previous research has shown that estrogen hormone therapy has serious adverse effects; thus, complementary and integrative therapies have been considered clinically. The present study investigates whether stimulation of an acupoint using a mechanical acupuncture instrument (MAI) can mitigate depression-like behavior caused by estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The animals were divided into Sham OVX, OVX, OVX + Sameumgyo (SP6) and OVX + NonAcu (non-acupuncture point) groups. MAI stimulation signific

Evidence of Altered Trigeminal Nociception in an Animal Model of Fibromyalgia.

OBJECTIVE: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a debilitating chronic condition that significantly affects quality of life. A strong association has been demonstrated between FM and chronic pain in the trigeminal region in clinical studies. This study was performed to evaluate the response to acute and chronic noxious stimuli applied to the facial region. METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats (250-270 g, N = 10 for each group) were used in the current study. A subchronic swim stress model was used as the animal model of FM. Anxiety-like behaviors and response to acute and chronic noxious stimuli were assayed usin

WS0701: a novel sedative-hypnotic agent acting on the adenosine system.

To characterize the sedative and hypnotic profile of the novel adenosine derivative ((3S,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(6-((4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)amino)-9H-purin-9-yl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl) methyl diaconate (WS0701), we performed a variety of behavioural tests and investigated the influence of WS0701 on various sleep stages. In mice, WS0701 significantly increased the number of entries and time spent in open arms in the elevated plus maze test, indicating an anxiolytic effect. WS0701 decreased locomotor activity counts and head dips in the hole-board test and enhanced sodium pentobarbital-induced …

Antidepressant-like effects of erythropoietin: a focus on behavioural and hippocampal processes.

Depression is a chronic and debilitating condition with a significant degree of relapse and treatment resistance that could stem, at least in part, from disturbances of neuroplasticity. This has led to an increased focus on treatment strategies that target brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), synaptic plasticity and adult neurogenesis. In the current study we aimed to assess whether erythropoietin (EPO) would have antidepressant-like effects given its already established pro-trophic actions. In particular, we assessed whether EPO would diminish the deleterious effects of a social stressor

Depression-related behaviours displayed by female C57BL/6J mice during abstinence from chronic ethanol consumption are rescued by wheel-running.

Withdrawal from a chronic period of alcohol consumption is commonly associated with the manifestation of depression, potentially exerting a significant influence on treatment prospects and increasing the likelihood of relapse. Better therapeutic strategies need to be developed to assist with rehabilitation. Here, we report the detection of depression-related behaviours in a mouse model of 6-week free-choice ethanol (10%, v/v) consumption followed by 2-week abstinence. Mice abstinent from alcohol showed increased immobility time on the forced-swim test, reduced saccharin consumption and increas

Effects of long-term etanercept treatment on anxiety- and depression-like neurobehaviors in rats.

Growing evidence indicates that there is a correlation between depression and inflammation. Administration of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis, was associated with decreased depressive symptoms and increased quality of life in some clinical studies. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of chronic etanercept, a TNF-α inhibitor, on anxiety- and depression-like neurobehaviors in rats. Male rats were treated for 8 weeks with either saline or etanercept (0.8 mg/kg/week, subcutaneously). The anxiety level

Isolation-induced behavioural changes in a genetic animal model of depression.

Depression is a heterogeneous disorder displaying a range of symptoms including feelings of despair and social withdrawal. Social isolation … in impairing object recognition memory, while leading to an increased explorative behaviour in the elevated plus maze test. Surprisingly, single-housed FRL rats showed an increased food intake compared to pair-housed FRL rats, whereas no difference in food intake or body weight was evident in FSL rats. Our results indicate that social isolation for 5weeks causes behavio …

Galanin receptor 2 overexpressing mice display an antidepressive-like phenotype: possible involvement of the subiculum.

The behavioral phenotype of a transgenic mouse overexpressing a galanin receptor 2 (GalR2)-enhanced, green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-construct under the platelet-derived growth factor-B promoter, and of controls, was assessed in various behavioral tests, such as the Porsolt forced swim test, as well as the open field, elevated plus maze and passive avoidance tests. In addition, the distribution of GalR2-EGFP expressing cell bodies and processes was studied in the brain of these mice using histochemical methods. Three age groups of the transgenic mice demonstrated decreased levels of immobilit

Open field locomotor activity and anxiety-related behaviors in mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIA mice.

Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) IIIA, or Sanfilippo syndrome, is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by severe and progressive neuropathology. Following an asymptomatic period, patients may present with sleep disturbances, cognitive decline, aggressive tendencies and hyperactivity. A naturally-occurring mouse model of MPS IIIA also exhibits many of these behavioral features and has been recently back-crossed onto a C57BL/6 genetic background. To more thoroughly characterize the behavioral phenotype of congenic MPS IIIA mice, we assessed exploratory activity and unconditioned anxiety-related

Pharmacological Assessment of Calamus guruba Methanolic Extract: Multitarget Effects on Diabetes, Inflammation, Anxiety, and Depression.

Calamus guruba Buch.-Ham. (Family: Arecaceae) is a traditionally valued medicinal plant recognized for its wide range of therapeutic applications. This study was designed to evaluate the antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, and antidepressant properties of the methanolic extract of C. guruba (MECG). Phytochemical screening of the extract was performed according to standard protocols. The antidiabetic potential was assessed using an alpha-amylase inhibition assay. At the same time, anti-inflammatory effects were examined using both in vitro (protein denaturation) and in vivo (carrageena

Coenzyme Q10 ameliorates anxiety and depression‑like behavior associated with chronic opioid use and increases GDNF expression in the hippocampus of morphine‑dependent rats.

Opioid dependence is strongly associated with moderate to severe depression and anxiety. The primary objective of this investigation was to determine whether coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has the capacity to increase the level of glial cell line‑derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), with the aim of ameliorating anxiety‑ and depression‑like behaviors in morphine (MOP)‑dependent rats. In this study, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five experimental groups: Oil group, MOP+Oil group, MOP+Q10‑100 group, MOP+Q10‑200 group, and MOP+Q10‑400 group. Rats received escalating doses of MOP (25 to 100 m

Neuropharmacological evaluation of different species of Curcubitaceae seeds extract in experimental animals.

Major depressive disorders such as anxiety and depression is predominantly developed in the modern era due to stressful lifestyle and now become the second leading cause of disability. The purpose of the current investigation to evaluate and compared the neuropharmacological effects of three different varaities of Cucurbitaceae seeds including Cucumis Melo var. flexuosus, Cucumis melo var. reticulatus and Santa claus melons ethanol seed extract in experimental animals at three different doses, i.e. 25, 50 and 100mg/kg in animals after 60 days of oral administration. Afterward, various neuropha

Роль понтинового сублатродорского тегментального ядра (SLD) в быстром движении глаз (REM) во сне, катаплексии и эмоциях.

Для сна КГР крайне важное значение имеет тегментальное ядро потоновых сублатродоров (SLD). Однако роль SLD для сна РЕМ, катаплексии, которая напоминает спящий КГРН, и эмоциональная память при сне КГРН остается неясной. Для решения этих вопросов мы тщательно аблетировали нейроны SLD с помощью аденовального дифтерии-токсина (DTA) и обнаружили, что SLD-повреждения полностью ликвидировали спящий сон, сопровождаемый повышением волнения, значительно сократили базовые катаплексивы на 40% и стимулирующие катаплексию (сукроза) на 70% и изменили катаплексию EEG Fast Furier Transform (FFT) от REM-подобно

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Pontine sub-laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (SLD) is crucial for REM sleep. However, the necessary role of SLD for REM sleep, cataplexy that … that REM sleep elimination significantly increased anxiety-like behaviors in open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze test (EPM) and defensive aggression and impaired fear extinction. The data indicate that in OXKO mice the SLD is the sole generator for REM sleep; (2) the SLD selectively mediates REM sleep cataplexy (R-cataplexy) that merges with wake cataplexy (W-catap …

BOTOX® counteracts the innate anxiety-related behaviours in correlation with increased activities of key antioxidant enzymes in the hippocampus of ageing experimental mice.

Cholinergic crisis and oxidative stress in the hippocampus of the brain have been known to induce anxiety disorders upon ageing. BOTOX® is a widely used therapeutic form of botulinum neurotoxin that acts by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine (ACh) from the nerve terminals at the neuromuscular junction. BOTOX® can migrate from the muscle to the brain through retrograde axonal transport and modulate neuroplasticity. While a mild dose of BOTOX® has been used to manage various neurological deficits and psychiatric complications including depression, the efficacy and experimental evidence for

Efficacy and safety of the metformin-mazindol anorectic combination in rat.

The current study investigates the anorectic interaction and safety of the mazindol-metformin combination in rats. Isobologram and interaction index were used to determine anorectic interaction between mazindol and metformin in the sweetened milk model. The safety profile of the mazindol-metformin combination was determined by measuring anxiety, blood pressure, hematic biometry and blood chemistry. An acute dose of mazindol and metformin administered per os, individually or as a mixture, has reduced the milk consumption in rats in a dose-dependent manner. Theoretical effective dose 40 (ED40t)

Early-Life Multiple Sevoflurane Exposures Alleviate Long-term Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Mice via the proBDNF/ERK Pathway.

Early-life multiple anesthetics exposure causes neurotoxicity and hence cognitive dysfunction on developing brain. However, the effects of early-life multiple sevoflurane exposures on emotional changes, especially upon stress, are far beyond understood. In young male C57BL6/J mice, the present study showed that 3% sevoflurane inhalation for 2 h in three consecutive days did not influence anxiety-like behaviors as measured by open field test, light dark transition, and elevated plus maze test. In addition, foot shocks stress induced both the short- and long-term anxiety-like behaviors. However,…

The effects of inositol treatment in animal models of psychiatric disorders.

Clinical trials indicate that inositol may be effective in the treatment of patients with depression, panic disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), but not in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, ADHD or autism. This spectrum of clinical action parallels that of serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), but inositol is a precursor in the phosphatidylinositol cycle, a second messenger system distal to the receptor for 5HT-2. To study its mechanism of therapeutic action there is a need to test inositol's activity in animal models of psychopathology.

Ethopharmacological analysis of the effects of putative 'anxiogenic' agents in the mouse elevated plus-maze.

The literature on the effects of anxiety-provoking agents in humans and animals is replete with inconsistent and contradictory findings as well as data that may have alternate explanations. To further our understanding in this area, ethological methods were used to assess in detail the effects of four putative anxiogenic agents in the murine elevated plus-maze test. Compounds studied were FG 7142 (1.25-10.0 mg/kg), pentylenetetrazol (PTZ; 1.875-30.0 mg/kg), isoproterenol (0.125-1.0 mg/kg), and sodium lactate (32.75-262.0 mg/kg). FG 7142 produced an anxiogenic-like profile at 10 mg/kg, an effec

Prenylated p-Coumaric Acid Derivatives Mitigate Neurobehavioral and Neuroinflammatory Alterations Associated with Experimental Colitis.

Inflammatory bowel disease is an inflammatory disorder associated with systemic immune activation, contributing to neuroinflammation, behavioral impairments and disruption of the gut-brain axis. The present study investigated the effects of p-Coumaric acid derivatives: Artepillin C (ART-C), Baccharin (BAC), and Drupanin (DRU) on colonic damage, behavioral alterations, and oxidative stress in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis by administration of 3% DSS. Mice were treated with p-Coumaric acid derivatives (0.3, 1, or 3 mg/kg, p.o.), and disease activity index and colon length were e