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High levels of granulocyte and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors in cord blood of normal full-term neonates.

Because several human hematopoietic growth factors have been identified and shown to be effective for treatment of congenital or iatrogenic neutropenias, and cord blood contains stimulatory activities for blood-forming cells, we postulated that identification of these factors and analysis of their regulatory role in normal neonates would provide a rationale for their use in treating neonatal infections associated with neutropenia. We studied the plasma levels of granulocyte and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF and GM-CSF, respectively) and the frequency of granulomonopo

Role of Serum Amyloid A, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, and Bone Marrow Granulocyte-Monocyte Precursor Expansion in Segmented Filamentous Bacterium-Mediated Protection from Entamoeba histolytica.

Intestinal segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) protect from ameba infection, and protection is transferable with bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs). SFB cause an increase in serum amyloid A (SAA), suggesting that SAA might mediate SFB's effects on BMDCs. Here we further explored the role of bone marrow in SFB-mediated protection. Transient gut colonization with SFB or SAA administration alone transiently increased the H3K27 histone demethylase Jmjd3, persistently increased bone marrow Csf2ra expression and granulocyte monocyte precursors (GMPs), and protected from ameba infection. Pharmacolo

Inducible expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interferon-gamma in two human cytotoxic leukemic T-cell lines.

We investigated the ability of the TALL-103/2 and TALL-104 leukemic cell lines to produce lymphokines in response to activation signals, such as tumor cells and anti-CD3 (OKT3) or -CD2 (B67.1) monoclonal antibodies (mAb) or both. Both cell lines were found to produce high levels of interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The latter lymphokine is induced by lysable tumor cells and by immobilized OKT3 and B67.1 mAb only in the presence of interleukin (IL-2). IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha are induced upon CD3 but not CD2

Etoposide + cytarabine plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mitigates daratumumab-associated impairment on stem cell mobilization in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

BACKGROUND AIMS: Daratumumab (dara) and lenalidomide (lena) have been reported to be associated with impaired stem cell mobilization. METHODS: In this study, we evaluated the mobilization efficiency of etoposide + cytarabine (EA) plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) regimen in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) receiving dara-lena based (n = 38) or lena-based induction therapy (n = 68). RESULTS: The median total CD34+ cells collection was 18.89 × 10⁶/kg in the dara-lena group and 25.59 × 10⁶/kg in the lena group. All patients were successfully mobilized and mos…

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-containing medium for blastocyst recovery culture: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (GSET-study).

BACKGROUND: Although the number of frozen-thawed blastocysts transfer is increasing worldwide, the live birth rate following blastocyst transfer using assisted reproductive technology remains at 30-60%. Thus, improving the pregnancy rate per transfer is an urgent issue. In a previous retrospective study, we evaluated the use of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-containing medium for recovery culture to improve the outcomes of frozen-thawed blastocyst transfers. The results demonstrated that the live birth rates increased by approximately 10% following recovery culture i

Circulating granulocyte colony-stimulating factor as a sex-unbiased global marker of lung and colorectal cancer cachexia pre-clinical models.

Cancer cachexia, affecting up to 80% of patients with advanced cancer, is characterized by metabolic and inflammatory dysregulation driven b … iched in skeletal muscle of cachectic animals across models and sexes. Among circulating cytokines, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was uniquely elevated in all models and both sexes. Elevated G-CSF levels exhibited stronger negative correlations with tibialis anterior muscle mass than the commonly used cytokine interleukin (IL)-6, particularly when expressed as the rati …

The role of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in female assisted reproductive technology treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective of this study is to explore the impact of the use of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in female undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) on reproductive outcomes. A literature search was performed using electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang data, Geen Medical, and Cochrane Library). Risk ratio (RR), odds ratio (OR), and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for various outcomes were presented. The publication bias and heterogeneity were determined using funnel plot symmetry and I2 test separately. T

Successful multimodal intensive care management including early plasmapheresis and granulocyte colony stimulating factor in severe colchicine poisoning: A case report.

Colchicine is a narrow therapeutic index drug widely used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as acute gout attacks and Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF). In case of overdose, the risk of toxicity is high and can rapidly lead to multiple organ failure. The lack of an antidote for colchicine toxicity continues the search for a definitive treatment. We present a case of severe colchicine toxicity managed successfully with early initiation of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), intensive supportive care including noninvasive ventilation, hemodynamic stabilization, electrolyte managemen

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Producing Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor and Parathyroid Hormone-related Protein: A Case Report and Literature Review.

We herein report a case of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) characterized by paraneoplastic hypercalcemia-leukocytosis syndrome. The patient presented with systemic symptoms, including anorexia, a fever, and a tumoral lesion on the upper arm. Laboratory test results revealed hypercalcemia and leukocytosis. A tissue biopsy confirmed SCC, and further investigation revealed elevated parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels. Immunostaining demonstrated G-CSF production by the tumor cells. Radiation therapy was administered, which i

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… Elevated plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) levels in these malignancies suggest the involvement of G-CSF-producing tumors in the pathogenesis of leukocytosis ( 2 ). … Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and parathyroid hormone-related protein-producing bladder cancer. J Urol 161: 1565-1566, 1999. 24. Nagashima R, Mabe K, Takahashi T. …

Immune-modulating therapy with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in refractory rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis - a case report.

This report outlines the case of a woman with rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis following diabetic ketoacidosis, refractory to systemic and local antifungal treatment as well as repeated extensive sinonasal debridement. Adjunctive Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) therapy was associated with significant clinical improvement. This treatment restored visual acuity, and the excellent outcomes were maintained at the 24-month follow-up. This is the first report of successful use of a short course (5 days) of GM-CSF for refractory rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis in an a

The Role of Combined Treatment of Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor and Oestrogen in Treatment of Thin Endometrium: A Rat Model.

BACKGROUND: Thin endometrium, described as endometrial thickness below 7 mm on embryo transfer day in assisted reproduction cycles, is associated with decreased pregnancy rates. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and oestrogen (E) are two medications used for treatment. AIM: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the effect of combined G-CSF+E treatment on thin endometrium in a rat model. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Gazi University Laboratory Animals Breeding and Experimental Researchers Center provided the veterinary care. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight female rats were divided in…

Squamous cell carcinoma of mandibular gingiva producing both parathyroid hormone-related protein and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: a case report.

We describe a case of mandibular gingival carcinoma with hypercalcaemia and leukocytosis caused by tumour-derived parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). A 54-year-old man presented to our Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery with a chief complaint of a left-sided mandibular gingival ulcer. A 42 mm × 20 mm sized ulcer was found on the left lower molar gingiva. Squamous cell carcinoma was pathologically diagnosed. The patient underwent a hemimandibulectomy, left-sided radical neck dissection, plate reconstruction, pectoralis major m…

The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor produced during Streptococcus suis infection controls neutrophil recruitment in the blood without affecting bacterial clearance.

Streptococcus suis causes diseases in pigs and has emerged as a zoonotic agent. When infected, the host develops an exacerbated inflammation that can lead to septic shock and meningitis. Although neutrophils greatly infiltrate the lesions, their dynamics during S. suis infection remain poorly described. Moreover, very few studies reported on the production and role of a key factor in the regulation of neutrophils: the colony-stimulating granulocyte factor (G-CSF). In this study, we characterized the G-CSF-neutrophil axis in the pathogenesis of S. suis induced disease. Using a mouse model of S.

Combination Therapy With Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) and Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) for Thin Endometrium: A Case Report.

This case study highlights the challenges faced by a couple with a history of two failed in-vitro fertilization (IVF) attempts, including mi … trial receptivity (PRIMER) protocol, which involves a combination of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Following PRP administration and G-CSF injection, significant improvement was observed in the endometrial thickness. Subsequently, frozen embryo transfer (FET) was performed on day six of progesterone, resulting in a positive pregnancy outc …

The Pathogenic Role of Anti-Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Autoantibodies in the Nocardiosis with the Central Nervous System Involvement.

PURPOSE: Anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor autoantibodies (anti-GM-CSF Abs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of Cryptococcus gattii (C. gattii) infection and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). Their presence has also been noted in nocardiosis cases, particularly those with disseminated disease. This study delineates a case series characterizing clinical features and specificity of anti-GM-CSF Abs in nocardiosis patients. METHODS: In this study, eight patients were recruited to determine the presence or absence of anti-GM-CSF Abs. In addition to the detailed descriptio

Association of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-17 levels with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a case-control study findings.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental condition that affects many people and is characterized by recurring obsessions and compulsions. It significantly impacts individuals' ability to function ordinarily daily, affecting people of all ages. This study aimed to investigate whether or not the cytokines granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) are involved in the pathophysiology of OCD. A case-control study with 50 OCD patients and 38 healthy volunteers served as the controls for this investigation. The levels of GM-CSF and IL-17 in the serum

Risk of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in intermediate-risk regimens: Clinical and economic outcomes of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor prophylaxis.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia increases the risk of febrile neutropenia (FN) and infection with resultant hospitalizations, with substantial health care resource utilization (HCRU) and costs. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (GCSF) is recommended as primary prophylaxis for chemotherapy regimens having more than a 20% risk of FN. Yet, for intermediate-risk (10%-20%) regimens, it should be considered only for patients with 1 or more clinical risk factors (RFs) for FN. It is unclear whether FN prophylaxis for intermediate-risk patients is being optimally implemented. OBJECTIVE

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor does not improve mortality in severe alcoholic hepatitis: a single-center experience from the United States.

AIM: To assess the role of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) in the patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) using real world experience in the United States. BACKGROUND: There are few effective treatments for severe alcoholic hepatitis, which has a significant fatality rate. GCSF has been associated with improved survival in a small number of Indian studies, while there is a dearth of information from other parts of the globe. METHODS: We performed a single-center retrospective study of consecutive patients admitted to a tertiary care, liver transplant center with severe al…

Elevated granulocyte colony stimulating factor (CSF) causes cerebellar deficits and anxiety in a model of CSF-1 receptor related leukodystrophy.

Colony stimulating factor (CSF) receptor-1 (CSF-1R)-related leukoencephalopathy (CRL) is an adult-onset, demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease caused by autosomal dominant mutations in CSF1R, modeled by the Csf1r+/- mouse. The expression of Csf2, encoding granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) and of Csf3, encoding granulocyte CSF (G-CSF), are elevated in both mouse and human CRL brains. While monoallelic targeting of Csf2 has been shown to attenuate many behavioral and histological deficits of Csf1r+/- mice, including cognitive dysfunction and demyelination, the contribution of Csf3 has no

Enhanced Protection by Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus Expressing Infectious Bronchitis Virus Spike Ectodomain and Chicken Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor.

We previously reported that recombinant Newcastle disease virus LaSota (rLS) expressing infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) Arkansas (Ark)-type trimeric spike (S) ectodomain (Se; rLS/ArkSe) provides suboptimal protection against IBV challenge. We have now developed rLS expressing chicken granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) and IBV Ark Se in an attempt to enhance vaccine effectiveness. In the current study, we first compared protection conferred by vaccination with rLS/ArkSe and rLS/ArkSe.GMCSF. Vaccinated chickens were challenged with virulent Ark, and protection was determi