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Epidemiology of cholelithiasis in southern Italy. Part II: Risk factors.

OBJECTIVE: To determine behavioural, dietary and other common factors associated with new cases of gallstones, diagnosed by ultrasonography, in a prospective cohort study conducted in southern Italy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Between May 1985 and June 1986, systematic sampling from the electoral register of Castellana, a small town in southern Italy, yielded 2472 subjects who had had their gallbladder checked for gallstones by ultrasonography. Between May 1992 and June 1993, 1962 out of the 2235 (87.7%) subjects without gallstones at baseline agreed to a further ultrasound examination. At the fir…

SP alpha I/65 hereditary elliptocytosis in Calabria (southern Italy).

The alpha I/65 variant of spectrin has been described in black people, in North Africans and recently in two southern Italian families. This variant is associated in the heterozygous state with mild Hereditary Elliptocytosis (HE) and the molecular basis of the defect is invariably the duplication of TTG at codon 154 of the alpha spectrin gene. The present study reports the identification of five Calabrian families with SP alpha I/65 HE and their distribution in the population.

[Visceral leishmaniasis in Italy. Its epidemiology, clinical picture and therapy].

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a public health problem in most countries bordering the Mediterranean sea. The disease has been found in central and southern Italy, Sicily, Sardinia; some pockets are present in Liguria. Dogs are the reservoirs and the vectors are some species of sandfly (Phlebotomus species). The incubation period is usually between 2 and 8 months; children and adults may become infected; lethality may be high and depends upon a correct diagnosis and treatment. The diagnosis should be suspected on the basis of the epidemiological data and clinical picture and confirmed by the d…

Risk factors for adult soft tissue sarcoma in northern Italy.

The role of several potential risk factors in the etiology of soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) was examined in a hospital-based case-control study, conducted in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, northeast Italy, between 1985 and 1991. A total of 93 STS cases (53 males and 40 females, median age: 52 years) and of 721 controls (371 males and 350 females, median age: 54 years) were interviewed. Significant increased risks were associated with a history of herpes zoster infection (odds ratio (OR): 2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1-4.9), chicken-pox (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.2-4.1) and mumps (OR: 2.0, 95% …

[10 years of legionellosis in Italy (June 1980-June 1990)].

Legionella infection was recognized as a cause of human disease in 1976, following the occurrence of an epidemic at Bellevue Stratford Hotel, Philadelphia, USA. In the subsequent years, various cases, both sporadic and epidemical, have been reported worldwide. In Italy, the first reports date from 1980. The compulsory notification of the disease was established in February 1983, and a few months later a National Surveillance Programme started operating at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome. Up to June 30, 1990, 542 confirmed cases of legionellosis were reported. For 249 of them, data of cl…

Vaccination campaign against meningococcal disease in army recruits in Italy.

A high attack rate (17.3/100,000) of meningococcal disease in army recruits in Italy, with 95% of the cases due to serogroup C, constituted the motivating factors to make bivalent serogroup A + C meningococcal vaccination compulsory by law for army recruits starting January 1987. Because the vaccine was given only to the new recruits entering the army, full coverage was not achieved until January 1988. Nearly 900,000 subjects (300,000 yearly) were vaccinated between January 1987 and December 1989. There were no reports of any untoward reactions to the vaccine. Of the 300,000 recruits in servic…

High prevalence of subacute thyroiditis during summer season in Italy.

Eighty consecutive patients with typical subacute thyroiditis were evaluated. Sex distribution showed a higher incidence in females (F/M 3.2/1), with a mean age of 44 yr. In the majority of patients (51/80 = 66%) the onset of the disease was between June and September (46% in July and August). The remaining cases were distributed in the other months without a clear monthly prevalence. These results indicate that the seasonal distribution of subacute thyroiditis is almost superimposable to that of established infections due to some enteroviruses (Echovirus, Coxsackie A and B viruses), suggestin

Trends in mortality from cerebrovascular disease in Italy, 1955-78.

Trends in age-specific and age-standardized death certification rates from all cerebrovascular diseases and various diagnostic subcategories in Italy during the period 1955-78 have been analysed. In both sexes, a decrease in excess of 25% was evident in the overall age-standardized cerebrovascular disease mortality. However, rates were roughly stable in males up to age 50 and in females up to age 45, and slightly but consistently increasing in the younger age groups (under 40), mostly in females. The largest downward trends were for both sexes in the 55 to 74 age groups, and the declines were …

17th Конгресс ЕВНОС: Милан, Италия, 4–6 Июнь, 2026 года

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… ; 2 Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; 3 Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; 4 Studio Oculistico d’Azeglio, Bologna, Italy; 5 IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy Purpose: To … , France; 4 Ospedale Oftalmico Roma, Rome, Italy; 5 IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; 6 Azienda provinciale per i servizi sanitari di Trento, Trento, Italy; 7 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; 8 Neurogenetics Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia …

Trichinella surveillance program in wild birds, Emilia-Romagna (northern Italy), 2006-2021. First report of Trichinella pseudospiralis in western marsh harrier (Circus aeruginosus) in Italy.

The nematode Trichinella pseudospiralis is a cosmopolitan parasite capable of infecting both birds and mammals including humans. T. pseudosp … lts of an extensive wild bird surveillance carried out in the Emilia-Romagna (E-R) region, northern Italy, over the last 16 years. As part of the regional wildlife surveillance program, 14,933 raptors and carrion-eating birds' carcasses were necropsied from 2006 to 2021 and tested for the presence of Trichinella spp. larvae with only one positive result …

Clinical and molecular detection of inherited colorectal cancers in northeast Italy: a first prospective study of incidence of Lynch syndrome and MUTYH-related colorectal cancer in Italy.

The reported incidence of hereditary colorectal cancers (CRCs) is widely variable. The principal aim of the study was to prospectively evaluate the incidence of familial CRCs in a region of northern Italy using a standardized method. Consecutive CRC patients were prospectively enrolled from October 2002 to December 2003. Patients underwent a structured family history, the microsatellite instability (MSI) test and a screen for MUTYH mutations. Following family history patients were classified as belonging to high, moderate and mild risk families. Immunohistochemistry for MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PM…

Forgotten lobotomies in Rome: new evidence of psychosurgery in postwar Italy.

The history of psychosurgery, perhaps the most controversial venture in clinical neuroscience's past, has long been written without Rome. While leucotomies and lobotomies performed have been documented in northern and southern Italian centres, the Italian capital - despite being the birthplace of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and home to two major state psychiatric institutions - has remained largely absent from historical accounts. Drawing on previously unexamined archival materials from Italy and the United States, and despite substantial gaps in the surviving documentation-including the i…

The decline of 'Deaths of Despair' in Italy: unveiling this phenomenon in a new context.

BACKGROUND: The term "Deaths of Despair" (DoD) refers to mortality due to alcohol consumption, drug use, and suicides. While extensively studied in the United States, where these deaths have markedly increased, less is known about their patterns in other contexts. This study explores the relevance of this concept to Italy, a country with comparatively lower rates, to determine whether these causes of death exhibit common trends and can be meaningfully grouped under a single category. METHODS: We use cause-specific mortality data from the Italian National Institute of Statistics covering the p…

Cost minimization analysis of subcutaneous and intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in Italy.

IntroductionHuman immunoglobulins are the standard of care for patients with immunodeficiencies and represent a first-line treatment for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). This study aimed to evaluate costs associated with facilitated subcutaneous (fSCIG), conventional subcutaneous (cSCIG), and intravenous (IVIG) administration of immunoglobulin in patients with primary or secondary immunodeficiency (PID and SID, respectively) and in patients with CIDP in Italy.MethodsA cost-minimization analysis from a societal perspective was developed, considering a one-year follow-up…

A Cross-Sectional Study on Parakeets Feeding and Housing Practices in Italy.

Italy has one of the largest companion bird populations in Europe. This study aimed to investigate feeding and housing practices among Italian parakeet owners. An online questionnaire was distributed, yielding 433 voluntary responses. Participants were classified as hobbyists (HBY; ≤ 13 birds owned) or breeders (BRD; > 13 birds owned) to evaluate differences between groups. All BRD and 67.4% of HBY owned more than one bird (p < 0.001), while 74.9% of HBY and 30.5% of BRD (p < 0.001) reported owning only one bird species. Budgerigars were the most frequently reported species (overall: 40.2%), f…

Hematology at a Crossroads: Why Young Physicians in Italy Are Turning Away.

According to recent data 21% of hematology fellowship applications in Italy remained unfilled [1]. Similarly, medical specialties such as surgery, pathology, radiotherapy, and emergency medicine have seen a significant reduction in the number of applicants. Coupled with the chronic shortage of nursing staff, the outlook for hematology as a specialty is concerning: within a few years, Italy risks lacking key healthcare professionals to treat patients with hematological malignancies.

The Role of Community Pharmacies in Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Syracuse, Italy.

Influenza remains a major public health challenge, and vaccination is the primary strategy to reduce its burden. Community pharmacies have been introduced as additional vaccination providers in Italy, but their contribution remains insufficiently documented. This study assessed the role of community pharmacies in influenza vaccination in the Siracusa Local Health Authority (LHA) across the 2022/23-2024/25 seasons. A retrospective analysis of the local electronic vaccination registry was conducted. All adults vaccinated during the three influenza seasons were included, with a focus on individua…

Towards an environmentally sustainable and resilient healthcare system: a roadmap for Italy.

Healthcare systems play a dual role: they protect population health but also contribute to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions, resource use, and waste, while climate change is simultaneously increasing pressure on healthcare services through extreme weather events and rising disease burdens. In Italy, efforts to improve environmental sustainability and resilience in healthcare are growing but remain fragmented, with no comprehensive national framework. This paper presents a roadmap to support the commitment to a more sustainable and climate-resilient healthcare system, developed t…

Epidemiology changes in systemic lupus erythematosus in Italy: the EASIEST study.

BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) shows marked heterogeneity in epidemiology across regions and over time. Understanding temporal changes in incidence, prevalence and patient characteristics is important to interpreting disease burden and assessing the performance of care systems. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate changes after 12 years (2010 vs 2022) in epidemiology, demographic, clinical and therapeutic features of SLE in a general practitioner (GP)-based cohort in Tuscany, Italy. METHODS: We conducted two cross-sectional surveys among GPs in the Florence District (Tuscany, Italy) to id…