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Current status of biomarkers for melanoma metastasis.

There is a critical unmet need for new predictive and prognostic biomarkers for melanoma. This feature presents a brief overview of the opportunities and challenges facing investigators who are seeking biomarkers that can predict those melanomas that are likely to result in progression (metastasis) and death. Melanoma metastasis to the regional lymph nodes is now readily identified by sentinel node biopsy. However, currently available prognostic factors, which are based on clinical parameters and histological findings in the primary tumor, are limited in their ability to reliably discriminate …

Biomarkers in lysosomal storage diseases: a review.

UNLABELLED: A biomarker is generally an analyte that indicates the presence or extent of a biological process, which is itself directly linked to the clinical manifestations and outcome of a particular disease. An ideal biomarker provides indirect but ongoing and specific determinations of disease activity. These characteristics emphasize the value of surrogate biomarkers for non-invasive and detailed monitoring to demonstrate the efficacy of orphan drugs in clinical trials. The emergence of novel laboratory methods has facilitated the search for biomarkers in lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs)…

Clinical evaluation of biomarkers in Gaucher disease.

UNLABELLED: Novel or candidate biomarkers require thorough evaluation to establish their utility in a clinical setting. This paper describes an evaluation of several established enzyme markers of Gaucher disease and a newly-described chemokine, pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC). The ability of the biomarkers to rank patients with Gaucher disease in order of disease severity and organ bulk, and to reflect changes in key clinical parameters in response to enzyme replacement therapy were evaluated. PARC concentrations were found to be reliably correlated with visceral disease an…

Inflammatory biomarkers of coronary atheromatous plaque vulnerability.

In the last decade, compelling evidence has evolved at both the basic science and clinical level for the implication of inflammation in the … f inflammation in atherogenesis has focused attention on whether circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers may help to identify those at risk of future cardiovascular events. In addition, the protective effects of a variety of interventions, such as statins, aspirin, and fibrates, are often associated with the evidence of reduced inflammation, further st …

Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder. Since the emergence of variant CJD (vCJD) vigilance concerning the disease's incidence has increased and the interest in accurate in vivo diagnosis has augmented. So far, a large number of biomarkers has been investigated as aid in the differential diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) and vCJD. These include, among others, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), microtubuli associated protein Tau, S-100beta, amyloid-beta (Abeta(1-42)) and the 14-3-3 protein. Multiple studies have confirmed that CSF detection of 14-3…

Biomarkers in melanoma: predisposition, screening and diagnosis.

Melanoma's incidence and mortality for certain groups has appeared to level off after a steady increase over the last half century. This tre … nosis of melanoma. A better understanding of melanoma's pathogenesis has identified disease-related biomarkers that may more reliably differentiate a melanocytic nevus from melanoma. In this paper, we review current and novel, potentially more accurate, biomarkers and supplementary technologies that can be used for the prevention, screening and diagnosis of …

New biomarkers of fetal-neonatal hypoxic stress.

UNLABELLED: The complex pathophysiological mechanisms underlying perinatal hypoxia make it difficult to define early markers of severe hypoxia-ischemia encephalopathy. However, as progress in the development of neuroprotective therapeutic measures continues, the early identification of neonates at risk of severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is an important goal for appropriate decision making. Although the timing of perinatal hypoxic brain damage may vary and is sometimes unknown, high levels of non-protein-bound iron and high nucleated red blood cell counts in cord blood indicate an antepa

Recent Progress of Large-Scale Biomarker Consortia and Paths Forward in Autism Biomarker Development.

Autism presents significant challenges for clinical research and biomarker development due to behavioral heterogeneity and reliance on clinician- and caregiver-report measures that are limited in sensitivity, objectivity, and scalability. Biomarkers offer a complementary approach by providing biologically grounded, standardized, and potentially more sensitive indicators of the autism phenotype. We outline the potential advantages of biomarkers over traditional clinical assessments, operationalize biomarkers using U.S. Food and Drug Administration/National Institutes of Health consensus framewo…

A Systematic Review on Biomarkers: Are There Reliable Molecular Biomarkers in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease?

Despite advances in the study of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD), the pulmonary manifestation remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. However, there is a lack of biochemical markers for this manifestation in the literature. Therefore, the objective of this study was to carry out a qualitative systematic review on biochemical markers associated with RA-ILD in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) between January 2015 and July 2024, using the following descriptors: #1 "biomarkers" (MeSH) AND #2 "rh…

Current and Future Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Review of Biomarker Detection Techniques and Their Performance.

Autoimmune encephalitis is an increasingly recognized cause of encephalitis. Detection of disease-specific antibodies is the cornerstone of … , serum vs. cerebrospinal fluid testing, and the diagnostic value of supportive cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. In addition, we discuss patients with seronegative or paraclinically silent disease, in whom diagnosis relies primarily on clinical criteria and the exclusion of alternative etiologies. Finally, we outline future perspectives, including advanced im …

Lung Cancer Biomarker Database (LCBD): a comprehensive and curated repository of lung cancer biomarkers.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, primarily because of the lack of effective diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers. To address the issue of fragmented biomarker data across numerous publications, we have developed the Lung Cancer Biomarker Database (LCBD, http://lcbd.biomarkerdb.com ). METHODS: We comprehensively reviewed biomarker-related studies up to June 30, 2023, and extracted relevant biomarker information. The identified biomarkers were systematically annotated, including genes, proteins, GO terms, KEGG pathways, biomarker types, molecular typ…

Estimated glucose disposal rate as a candidate biomarker for thrombotic biomarkers in T1D: a pooled analysis.

PURPOSE: To determine the utility of estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) as a candidate biomarker for thrombotic biomarkers in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS: We reanalysed baseline pretreatment data in a subset of patients with T1D from two previous RCTs, consisting of a panel of thrombotic markers, including fibrinogen, tissue factor (TF) activity, and plasminogen-activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, and TNFα, and clinical factors (age, T1D duration, HbA1c, insulin requirements, BMI, blood pressure, and eGDR). We employed univariate linear regression models to investigate associati…

Biomarkers in stable coronary heart disease, their modulation and cardiovascular risk: The LIPID biomarker study.

AIMS: In patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD), we aimed to assess 1. the prognostic power of biomarkers reflecting haemodynamics, micronecrosis, inflammation, coagulation, lipids, neurohumoral activity, and renal function; 2. whether changes in concentrations of these biomarkers over 12 months affected subsequent CHD risk; and 3. whether pravastatin modified the change in biomarker concentrations and this influenced the risk of future events. METHODS: In the LIPID study, 9014 patients were randomised to pravastatin 40 mg or placebo 3-36 months after an acute coronary syndrome. Ei…

AXIN1, ST1A1, CDCP1 и SIRT2, подтвержденные в качестве Myastenia Gravis Biomarkers: сравнительное протеомическое исследование с MS, CIDP и контроль.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ И ЦЕЛЬ: " Myastenia gravis " (MG) не имеет биомаркеров по конкретным заболеваниям, которые могут поддерживать мониторинг активности заболеваний или направлять решения о лечении. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы аттестовать воспалительные белки сыворотки как биомаркеры, специально предназначенные для MG, путем сопоставления их специфичности с мерами контроля и отдельными лицами с другими аутоиммунными неврологическими расстройствами, включая множественный склероз (MS) и хронический подстрекательский демиелинизирующий полиневропатий (CIDP). МЕТОДЫ: В

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Myasthenia gravis (MG) lacks disease-specific biomarkers that can support monitoring of disease activity or guide treatment decisions. This study aimed to validate serum inflammatory proteins as MG-specific biomarkers by comparing their specificity to controls and individuals with other autoimmune neurological disorders, including mul…

A framework and shared vocabulary to identify actionable protein biomarkers and enable optimal precision medicine: Myth-busting with unicorn biomarkers.

Not all biomarkers are equal, and some arguably should not be classified as biomarkers at all. Despite an explosion in putative biomarker discoveries from high-throughput proteomic technologies, very few advance beyond initial excitement to become validated, clinically actionable tools. Most stall in a biomarker 'valley of death', where promising signals fail to meet robust technical, scientific, and regulatory standards for clinical use. We propose a framework to distinguish between unvalidated protein findings and validated biomarkers with specific utility. We highlight the need to separate …

Subcutaneous Microdialysis Biomarkers Correlate With Intramuscular Biomarkers and Can Be Used to Detect Acute Compartment Syndrome in a Porcine Model.

BACKGROUND: Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a time-sensitive diagnosis, with mortality rates as high as 15%. Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation and intracompartmental pressure (ICP) measurements, which are only 68% accurate. Microdialysis has been shown to be reliable in detecting flap ischemia before clinically evident. Therefore, we hypothesized that intramuscular (IM) microdialysis could detect early ACS with high diagnostic test accuracy (DTA). Given IM perforators supply overlying skin, we further hypothesized that subcutaneous (SC) biomarkers closely correlate with IM metabolic …

Synaptic biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid associate differentially with classical neuronal biomarkers in patients with Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia.

BACKGROUND: Loss of synaptic functionality has been recently identified as an early-stage indicator of neurological diseases. Consequently, monitoring changes in synaptic protein levels may be relevant for observing disease evolution or treatment responses in patients. Here, we have studied the relationship between fluid biomarkers of neurodegeneration and synaptic dysfunction in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and subjective cognitive decline (SCD). METHODS: The exploratory cohort consisted of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (n = 60) from patients dia…

Semi-quantitative MRI biomarkers of knee osteoarthritis progression in the FNIH biomarkers consortium cohort - Methodologic aspects and definition of change.

BACKGROUND: To describe the scoring methodology and MRI assessments used to evaluate the cross-sectional features observed in cases and controls, to define change over time for different MRI features, and to report the extent of changes over a 24-month period in the Foundation for National Institutes of Health Osteoarthritis Biomarkers Consortium study nested within the larger Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) Study. METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study. Cases (n = 406) were knees having both radiographic and pain progression. Controls (n = 194) were knee osteoarthritis subjects wh…

AQP3 as a potential biomarker for caries.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dental caries and periodontitis are among the most common dental diseases worldwide and represent a major public health concern due to their high prevalence and age-dependent occurrence. Identifying molecular factors in saliva involved in their development may help improve prevention strategies. Aquaporins (AQPs), particularly aquaporin (AQP3)—a channel for water, glycerol and small molecules—have recently attracted scientific interest. This study aimed to investigate the association between salivary AQP3 expression and dental caries and periodontal parameters, evalu