Результаты поиска

Transient cortical blindness in gestational hypertension: report of two cases.

Transient blindness of cortical origin associated with gestational (pregnancy induced) hypertension is a terrifying and unusual experience in obstetric practice. Two cases encountered in our centre at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) Ilorin, Nigeria are presented. One case occurred in pregnancy and the other in early puerperium. The two patients were Nigerians. The possible aetiology and pathophysiology of this very rare condition are discussed.

Night blindness in Sorsby's fundus dystrophy reversed by vitamin A.

Sorsby's fundus dystrophy (SFD) is an autosomal dominant retinal degeneration caused by mutations in the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 (TIMP3) gene. Mechanisms of the visual loss in SFD, however, remain unknown. In a SFD family with a novel TIMP3 point mutation, we tested a hypothesis that their night blindness is due to a chronic deprivation of vitamin A at the level of the photoreceptors caused by a thickened membrane barrier between the photoreceptor layer and its blood supply. Vitamin A at 50,000 IU/d was administered orally. Within a week, the night blindness disappeared in pat…

[A case of Wernicke's encephalopathy which accompanied a passing blindness].

The case of a chronic alcoholic patient with Wernicke's encephalopathy accompanied by passing blindness is reported and the alcoholic amblyopia is discussed in this study. The patient was a 39 year-old male who had been a heavy drinker for 13 years, and was habitually inebriated for the last one year. Disturbance of consciousness ataxia of gait, nystagmus and blindness were manifested on admission. Decreased level of serum vitamin B1 was also recognized at admission. The symptoms diminished from about a month after admission except for horizontal nystagmus. Since the patient had racket-like sc…

Blindness from uveitis in a hospital population in Sierra Leone.

A retrospective study was conducted to assess the causes of blindness and visual impairment in patients who visited an eye hospital in Sierra Leone, West Africa, in 1989 and 1992. These data were compared with figures from 1981. Throughout the years, senile cataract was the major cause of blindness, followed by uveitis (including onchocerciasis). Uveitis remained the second most important cause of blindness in this population, despite the significant decrease in blindness from onchocerciasis (from 30% in 1981 to 15% in 1992). An increasing number of patients with uveitis from non-onchocercal o…

Sudden blindness and total ophthalmoplegia in mucormycosis. A clinicopathological correlation.

A case of rhino-orbitocerebral mucormycosis is presented, illustrating the serious nature of this disease. Clinical features and their pathological correlations are demonstrated. The need for a high index of clinical suspicion, and an early biopsy of the affected area is emphasized so that the benefits of early diagnosis and therapy may be gained.

Complicated migraine resulting in blindness due to bilateral retinal infarction.

Retinal migraine is not uncommon, but permanent sequelae in the anterior visual pathway are rare. We describe the case of a young woman in whom blindness developed over a six-year period due to recurrent episodes of migraine-related occlusions of a branch retinal artery.

Национальное эпидемиологическое обследование слепоты и слабовидения в Китае.

Согласно данным Национального выборочного обследования слепоты и слабовидения, показатель слепоты в Китае составил 0,43%, что было вызвано главным образом катарактой (41,06%), кукурузными заболеваниями (15,38%), трахомой (10,87%) и глаукомой (8,80%), а также низким зрением в Китае 0,58%, из которых основными причинами были катаракта (49,83%), аметропия/амблеопиа (14,98%), трахома (9,55%), кукурузные заболевания (8,48%), чориоретинальные заболевания (6,27%) и т.д. Среди детей в возрасте до 14 лет главной причиной слепоты и слабовидения является наследственность (48,46%). Среди пожилых людей в в

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
According to the National Sample Survey of Blindness and Low Vision, the prevalence of blindness in China was 0.43%, resulting chiefly from cataract (41.06%), corneal diseases (15.38%), trachoma (10.87%), and glaucoma (8.80%); and the prevalence of low vision in China was 0.58%, of which the main causes were cataract (49.83%), ametropia/amblyopia (14.98%), t…

Altered mental attitude, seizures, blindness, circling, compulsive walking. Forebrain diseases.

Cats with lesions involving either the cerebral cortex or thalamus (forebrain) often have a characteristic group of neurologic deficits. When these deficits, in part or in toto, are recognized, consideration should be given to diseases that preferentially involve this area of the brain. Certain diseases that characteristically affect the forebrain are discussed here. Seizures are discussed as a separate entity at the conclusion of this chapter. Other diseases that also may involve the forebrain, but often cause additional lesions in other areas of the brain, are collectively discussed under th

Prevention and treatment of trachoma and the anti-blindness program.

The author considers the main causes of blindness in VIETNAM which are a little different from the studies of W.H.O. These are: 1. Trachoma. 2. Avitaminosis A. 3. Senile cataract. 4. Glaucoma. 5. Eye injuries in workers and in current life. For each cause, the author considers the efforts. Which are already made and which be made in the future. In case of trachoma, the author hopes that it will be eradicated in the year of 2000.

[An autopsy case of generalized seizures, myoclonus, blindness and deafness].

We have reported the clinical and autopsy findings in a case with generalized seizures, myoclonus, blindness and deafness which was accompanied by stroke-like episodes. This case was diagnosed as mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis & stroke-like episodes (MELAS) from these findings. Solitary and continuous lesions of softening were distributed in both hemispheres, more severely in the frontal and occipital poles. These lesions did not correspond to a vascular supply. The pulvinar, lateral and medial geniculate body of the thalamus, cerebellar vermis and dentate nucleus had small l…

[A survey of blindness and low vision in Shanxi Province].

In accordance with the unified criteria and methods over the country, a sampling survey of blindness and low vision was carried out in Shanxi province in April, 1987. The sample population was 53,656 persons and the actual number examined was 51,664 (96.3%). The provincial prevalence of blindness was 0.46%, i.e. 0.18% in cities and 0.50% in rural areas, with senile cataract as the leading cause for blindness (29.7%). The prevalence of monocular blindness was 0.85% and that of low vision 1.23%. The authors also proposed key points for the prevention and treatment of blindness and low vision.

Early blindness and coma during intrathecal chemotherapy for meningeal carcinomatosis.

A 35-year-old woman was treated with intraventricular methotrexate (MTX) with a total dose of 70 mg followed by cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) with a total dose of 80 mg for meningeal metastasis of breast carcinoma. Radiation therapy was not given. Despite a response of the meningeal tumor the patient developed in the third week of MTX treatment a progressive visual loss and loss of consciousness which worsened during subsequent Ara-C treatment and led to death within 3 weeks. Postmortem examination revealed only minimal neoplastic infiltration of the meninges. Multiple foci of axonal degenerati

The epidemiology of trachoma predicts more blindness in the future.

Trachoma is considered the world's leading preventable cause of blindness, with hundreds of millions of people affected and approximately 6 to 9 million blinded as a result of the disease. It was once endemic in much of the world. It disappeared from most of Europe and North America, coincident with the improvements in hygienic conditions that accompanied the expanding industrial revolution in the latter part of the 19th century. Common wisdom states that trachoma is disappearing from much of the world today as a result of improvement in the standard of living. Unfortunately, this is not a rea…

[Changing prevalence of blindness in 30 years in Guangdong Province].

After 30 years of efforts for the prevention and treatment of blindness, the prevalence of blindness in Guangdong Province decreased from 0.64% of the 60's, 0.62% of the 70's, to 0.35% of the 80's. The prevalence of blindness was found to rise with age, i.e. 38.60% in people over 50 years and 34.40% in people under 20 years in the 60's. The figures became 78.02% and 12.74% respectively in the 80's, and always higher in women than in men. The leading cause of blindness was cataract, representing 36.00% of the blind in the 60's, 41.18% in the 70's, and 63.05% in the 80's. The authors that treatm…

Characteristic ERG-flicker anomaly in incomplete congenital stationary night blindness.

Ten patients with the incomplete type of congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) were examined with a 30 Hz flicker electroretinogram (ERG). After 30 min of dark adaptation, 30 Hz flicker ERG was recorded continuously for 12-15 min under white background illumination. All patients showed an exaggerated increase of amplitude and a universal characteristic change of wave shape as the light adaptation progressed. Thirty normal subjects also showed increased amplitude during light adaptation, but the increase in amplitude was significantly less than in incomplete-type CSNB, and there was litt…