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The persistence of colostral Anaplasma antibodies and incidence of in utero transmission of Anaplasma infections in calves under laboratory conditions.

Twenty-six calves, born from 25 Anaplasma-infected, intact and splenectomized cows, from a herd kept under strict tick-free laboratory conditions, were monitored for the presence of Anaplasma antibodies, using the rapid card agglutination test. Serum was collected at birth, weekly for 12 weeks, and then monthly for approximately 6 months. Specific antibodies passively acquired could be detected in calf sera for an average period of 8 weeks after birth. Calves that remained positive for longer than 12 weeks were suspected of having contracted in utero infections. Infection of the calves was con

Сопоставление патогенности для беременных овец вируса лихорадки Рифт-Вэлли и живой вакцины с ослабленным состоянием.

Живой мутант вируса лихорадки Рифт-Вэлли (MV P12) ранее был продемонстрирован как непатогенный у молодых ягнят, но способный обеспечить защитный иммунитет. Представленные здесь исследования показывают, что аборт на овцах, вызванный инфекцией вирусом вирулентности, является результатом некроза материнского вилли и котильдона, вызванного острым воспалением материнских кранов. Беременные овцы, инфицированные смягченным вирусом мутантов MV P12, не показали ни одного из этих повреждений в плаценте и родили здоровых ягнят. Колострум от овечек, инфицированных вирусом MV P12, смог вызвать защитный имм

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
A live attenuated mutant of Rift Valley fever virus, MV P12, was previously shown to be non-pathogenic in young lambs, but capable of produc … d mutant virus MV P12 showed none of these lesions in the placenta and gave birth to healthy lambs. Colostrum from ewes infected with MV P12 virus was able to induce protective immunity in the offspring. These data along with previously published results suggest that the mutant virus MV P12 is an excellent candidate for use as a live attenuated veterinary v …

[Role of vertical transmission and seminal fluid in the infectious leukemia process].

Studied was the occasional role played by vertical transmission of the leukotic infection via the placenta under experimental conditions and … le the newborn calves were found to respond positively immediately after birth and prior to sucking colostrum, having specific leukosis antibodies, though in a low percent. No transmission of leukosis was found with the semen of leujotic bulls.

Sow behaviour, parturition process and management in free farrowing systems.

The pig industry is increasingly transitioning from traditional farrowing crates to free farrowing systems, driven by growing concerns for a … ocrine preparation for farrowing, and can shorten farrowing duration, improving piglet vitality and colostrum intake. Farrowing in sows encompasses three stages: preparatory behaviour and cervical dilation, active piglet expulsion, and placental expulsion. Free farrowing systems are associated with lower maternal stress, higher endogenous oxytocin, and more …

Effects of preterm birth and gestational diabetes on innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in human breast milk.

BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding provides key immunological and metabolic benefits for newborns, reducing complications of preterm birth and long-t … characteristics in vitro using cord blood T cells as a model system. RESULTS: Breast milk samples (colostrum and transitional milk) were collected within the first two weeks postpartum from mothers of term and preterm infants. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that total ILC frequencies decreased over time, with no significant differences between term and …

Comparison of the efficacy of simple and combined oral rinses with chlorhexidine digluconate against selected bacterial and yeast species: An in vitro study.

BACKGROUND: Chlorhexidine digluconate (CHG) is considered the most effective and safe antimicrobial agent in dentistry. Recently, it has oft … o observed for Gram-positive bacteria (especially large GIZs for S. aureus when using 0.2% CHG with colostrum). Statistically significantly smaller GIZs were observed for P. aeruginosa and all yeasts. None of the evaluated adjuvants impaired the disinfecting effect of CHG. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluated combined preparations of CHG showed disinfecting efficacy …

Plasma amino acids after human milk fortification and associations with growth in preterm infants.

BACKGROUND: It is unknown how plasma amino acid (AA) concentrations vary with fortification type, growth and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) concentrations in the first weeks of life in very preterm infants (VPIs). METHODS: Human milk for VPIs (n = 225) was fortified with bovine colostrum (BC, intact proteins, high bioactivity) or conventional fortifier (CF, hydrolysed bovine whey proteins). Plasma was sampled at fortification start (T0, ~1 week of age) and after one (T1) and two (T2) weeks. Changes in Z-scores for weight, length and head circumference (HC) were calculated from T0 to 35 …

Influences of glyphosate residues and different concentrate feed proportions in dairy cow rations during early gestation on performance, blood parameters, functional properties and DNA damage of blood cells in cows and their offspring.

Maternal exposure to various stimuli can influence pre- and postnatal development of the offspring. This potential has been discussed for gl … lood samples of dams and their calves were collected (5-345 min after birth) before calves were fed colostrum and analyzed for hematological and clinical-chemical traits, redox parameters, functional properties of leukocytes and DNA damage in leukocytes. No evidence for malformations of newborn calves could be collected. At parturition, most analyzed blood …

Gut and immune effects of bioactive milk factors in preterm pigs exposed to prenatal inflammation.

Prenatal inflammation may predispose to preterm birth and postnatal inflammatory disorders such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Bioactive milk ingredients may help to support gut maturation in such neonates, but mother's milk is often insufficient after preterm birth. We hypothesized that supplementation with bioactive ingredients from bovine milk [osteopontin (OPN), caseinoglycomacropeptide (CGMP), colostrum (COL)] supports gut, immunity, and NEC resistance in neonates born preterm after gram-negative infection before birth. Using preterm pigs as a model for preterm infants, fetal pigs we…

Uptake and excretion of organochlorine compounds in neonatal calves.

Intestinal absorption mechanisms of young calves change rapidly during the first 24 h postpartum and subsequently effect the absorption efficiencies of a wide range of compounds. This study was conducted to determine absorption efficiencies of (p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl)dichloroethylene (DDE), 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-153), and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) when administered in colostrum to neonatal calves. Four male Holstein calves were given a single oral dose containing 100 mg each of DDE, PCB-153, and OCDD either 1 h (n = 2) or 65 h (n = 2) postpartum to deter…

Experimental exposure of pregnant mares to the asinine-94 strain of equine arteritis virus.

Clinical, virological and serological responses were evaluated in 10 pregnant mares after different challenge exposures to the asinine-94 st … covered from buffy coat cultures of 2 mares 2-6 days after re-infection. EAV was not recovered from colostrum and milk samples during the 1st week post partum. All inoculated mares seroconverted to EAV 8-12 days post inoculation and also seroconverted after re-challenge. No clinical signs of EAV infection were observed in the 3 mares kept in close contact d …

Serum total protein concentrations in surplus dairy calves in British Columbia.

OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate serum total protein (STP) concentrations in surplus calves in British Columbia and explore associated factors including calf breed, sex, hydration, month of sampling, and frequency of calf pickup. ANIMAL: Neonatal dairy and dairy-beef crossbred calves recently purchased from dairy farms and transported to an assembly facility. PROCEDURE: Calves included in this study (N = 1449) were assessed at an assembly facility from March to August 2021, and blood samples were collected to measure STP as an indicator of transfer of passive immunity

Interactions between Hypertension and Breastfeeding: What Do We Know?

Substantial evidence indicates that breastfeeding reduces mortality and morbidity in infants. However, social changes in the 20th century re … numerous benefits for both infants and mothers, limited research examines the relationship between colostrum, breast milk, and hypertension. Given the diverse nutritional and immunological components of breast milk, many questions remain about this complex interaction.

[Dynamic study on blood and milk lead levels of pregnant women in three districts of Hubei].

In order to study the effect of lead exposure on the health during the period of pregnancy, 96 pregnant women and 105 non-pregnant women wit … regnant women were higher in the urban area, but the blood lead in the pregnant women and the milk (colostrum and mature milk) lead were lower in the urban area. It is concluded that the risk of exposure to low concentration of lead during pregnancy must not be ignored.

Salivary SIgA and SIgA 1 in coeliac disease, inflammatory bowel disease and controls.

Levels of secretory IgA1 (SIgA1) in the saliva have not been measured previously in either coeliac disease (CD) or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Saliva was collected from coeliacs, IBD patients and controls. The concentration of total SIgA in saliva was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with an anti-human SIgA antibody as the bound phase and human SIgA isolated from colostrum as the standard. The concentration of SIgA1 was determined using an ELISA with a lectin with a high affinity for human SIgA1. The IBD patients have a significantly higher concentration of SIgA1 tha…

[Parasitologic, clinical, hematologic and serologic findings in puppies after lactogenic infection with Ancylostoma caninum ERCOLANI 1859 (Ancylostomidae)].

The correlation between intensity of Ancylostoma caninum infections in bitches and the intensity of lactogenic infections and clinical signs … ks. The IFA test (LIII antigen) was positive for only 5/18 heavily infected puppies after uptake of colostrum.

Hypogammaglobulinaemia in foals: prevalence on Victorian studs and simple methods for detection and correction in the field.

The prevalence of hypogammaglobulinaemia in 82 young foals was determined. Twelve foals were considered clinically abnormal at birth and ten … freeze thaw technique was administered intravenously to supplement the immunoglobulin levels of two colostrum deprived foals. The simplicity of the concentration procedure eliminated the need for laboratory preparation of equine immunoglobulin.

Necropsy-Based Analysis of Causes of Neonatal Mortality in Dairy Calves in Poland.

The aim of this study was to identify the main causes of neonatal mortality in dairy calves (0-30 days of age) in Poland and to assess how i … iarrhea (RR = 2.04) and septicemia (RR = 2.01) within the necropsied calf population. Inappropriate colostrum management was also associated with a higher occurrence of septicemia (RR = 1.99). Despite widespread antimicrobial use (>80%), intensive fluid therapy was used rarely (<7% in diarrheal cases). ETEC, rotavirus, and coronavirus were detected signific …