Результаты поиска

Autochthonous dengue transmission in Europe: epidemiology, mechanisms, and modelling insights.

BACKGROUND: Dengue is the most rapidly expanding arboviral infection globally, with rising incidence and widening geographic distribution driven by urbanisation, climate change, vector expansion, and global mobility. Although traditionally confined to tropical and subtropical regions, dengue is increasingly emerging in temperate settings, including Europe. Recent outbreaks in Italy, Spain, and France, together with evidence of under-recognised transmission, indicate a transition from sporadic importation to recurrent autochthonous infection. This shift is facilitated by the establishment of Ae…

A quantitative solar ultraviolet radiation job-exposure matrix for Europe.

INTRODUCTION: Outdoor workers are exposed to high levels of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR). UVR causes skin cancer and is a risk factor for cataract and other short- and long-term health effects, but there are significant knowledge gaps regarding the exposure-response relations based on quantitative measures of UVR exposure. We developed a quantitative UVR job-exposure matrix (JEM) for the general working population of Europe. METHODS: Three experts from each of Northern, Central, and Southern Europe rated duration of outdoor work for all 372 occupations defined by the International Standa…

Москиты из Европы способны передать вирус снежного тумана.

Вирус снежинки (SSHV) — зоонотический вирус, распространяющийся через артропод (arbovirus), вращающийся в более холодных районах Северного полушария. SSHV поддерживается в энзоотическом цикле между мелкими млекопитающими и комарами, что, по всей вероятности, соответствует роду эдес и кулисета. Симптомы SSHV-инфекции человека могут варьироваться от асимптоматических до тяжелых нейроинвазивных заболеваний. Исследования по проблеме передачи SSHV ограничены, и нет никакой информации о том, могут ли комары рода Culex передавать SSHV. Поэтому мы изучили шесть видов комаров с помощью анализа слюны на

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Snowshoe hare virus (SSHV) is a zoonotic arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) circulating in colder areas of the Northern Hemisphere. SSHV is m … ion assay for their vector competence. We demonstrated that SSHV can be transmitted by the abundant European Culex species Cx. pipiens biotype pipiens, Cx. pipiens biotype molestus, and Cx. torrentium with low transmission efficiency between 3.33% and 6.67%. Additionally, the invasive species Ae. albopictus can also transmit SSHV with a low transmission …

Mpox across countries from Central and Eastern Europe - 2022 outbreak.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to assess socio-demographical characteristics, clinical presentation, and outcomes in patients diagnosed with mpox. METHODS: A survey on patients diagnosed with mpox was performed in 14 countries from Central and Eastern Europe. Data was compared according to HIV status and country of origin (EU vs. non-EU). Mpox diagnosis was confirmed by RT-PCR from oropharyngeal swabs, skin lesions, and other body fluids. RESULTS: Out of 154 patients confirmed with mpox in 2022, 99.3% were males, with a median age (years) of 35 (IQR 30-39), 90.2% MSM and 48.7% PLWH. Co…

IUSTI Europe position statement on use of DoxyPEP: June 2024.

This position statement is aimed at front-line clinical practitioners and public health authorities in WHO European Region providing services for people wishing to reduce their risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV.

Cataract surgical training in Europe: European Board of Ophthalmology survey.

PURPOSE: To survey recently graduated European ophthalmologists concerning cataract surgery (CS) training opportunities. SETTING: Countries affiliated to the European Board of Ophthalmology (EBO). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of anonymous survey results. METHODS: A 23-question online survey was emailed to candidates who sat the EBO Diploma Examination as residents between 2018 and 2022. RESULTS: 821 ophthalmologists from 30 countries completed the survey. The mean residency duration was 4.73 (SD 0.9) years. The mean reported number of entire CS procedures performed was 80.7 (SD 100.6) at …

Hepatitis delta infection among persons living with HIV in Europe.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A high prevalence of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection, the most severe form of viral hepatitis, has been reported among persons living with HIV (PLWH) in Europe. We analysed data from a large HIV cohort collaboration to characterize HDV epidemiological trends across Europe, as well as its impact on clinical outcomes. METHODS: All PLWH with a positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study and EuroSIDA between 1988 and 2019 were tested for anti-HDV antibodies and, if positive, for HDV RNA. Demographic and clinical characteristics at initiati…

Monkeypox: Early estimation of basic reproduction number R0 in Europe.

This world outbreak of Monkeypox (MPX) infections outside Africa emerged on May 2022 in Europe and spread worldwide with unique characteristics: inter-human contagion and infection in men without specific previous immunization, prevalently men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM). Phylogenetic analysis confirmed a unique clade, the West African clade, subclade IIb. On August 30, WHO stated 48 895 laboratory confirmed cases from 101 different countries, of which 28 050 were in Europe. It has therefore become important to define new epidemiological indices. Starting from our new surveillance system EpiMP…

Clear aligner orthodontic treatment: Angle Society of Europe consensus viewpoint.

Orthodontics has witnessed not only an exponential rise in demand from adult patients but accompanying this, the emergence of alternate aest … mong the profession.In an attempt to offer the profession some clear guidance, The Angle Society of Europe reviewed and discussed the current published evidence (2005-2018) on their clinical use, during the annual meeting in January 2020, to help formulate a consensus viewpoint on the clinical applications.

Age-related differences in cranial sexual dimorphism in contemporary Europe.

Biomechanical load and hormonal levels tended to change just like the soft and skeletal tissue of the elderly with age. Although aging in both sexes shared common traits, it was assumed that there would be a reduction of sexual dimorphism in aged individuals. The main goals of this study were (1) to evaluate age-related differences in cranial sexual dimorphism during senescence, (2) to determine age-related differences in female and male skulls separately, and (3) to compare skull senescence in Czech and French adult samples as discussed by Musilová et al. (Forensic Sci Int 269:70-77, 2016). T

Surgical treatment of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in Central Europe.

BACKGROUND: Bronchiectasis is a mostly irreversible bronchial dilatation induced by the destruction of elastic and muscular fibers of the br … e disease, pulmonary resection still plays a significant role in treating this pathology in Central Europe. Surgery remains a viable approach for localized forms of bronchiectasis, and the only option in treating acute deterioration and complications like massive hemoptysis.

Valproate prescribing practices for women with intellectual disability across Europe.

BACKGROUND: Valproate (VPA) is a known teratogen associated with greater risk of major congenital malformations and other neurodevelopmental sequelae than all other licensed antiepileptic medicines. To reduce the potential for VPA-related teratogenicity, the European Medicines Agency issued recommendations in 2018. Over two-thirds of women/girls with intellectual disability (ID) may have treatment-resistant epilepsy that could benefit from VPA treatment. AIMS: This investigation compared VPA prescribing practice for women/girls with ID between European countries, specifically evaluating the p…

Xenotransplantation of decellularized pig heart valves-Regulatory aspects in Europe.

BACKGROUND: The lack of human donors for allotransplantation forces the development of other strategies to circumvent the existing organ sho … dicinal products, that is, advanced therapy medicinal products, according to the regulations in the European Union. CONCLUSIONS: In this review, we compile relevant regulatory aspects and point out the possibilities of how these products for human use may be regulated in the future.

Drought-induced spatio-temporal synchrony of plague outbreak in Europe.

Plague synchronously swept across separated regions in Europe throughout history. However, the spatio-temporal synchrony of plague and its driving mechanism have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we transformed the historical European plague database spanned 1347-1800 CE into country-level time-series that differentiated large-scale plague outbreak from counted data. We found that there are 74 years in which two or more countries in our study region (UK, France, Germany, Spain, and Italy) experienced large-scale plague outbreak in the same year. Our Multivariate Ripley's K-funct…

Organizational home care models across Europe: A cross sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Decision makers are searching for models to redesign home care and to organize health care in a more sustainable way. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to identify and characterize home care models within and across European countries by means of structural characteristics and care processes at the policy and the organization level. DATA SOURCES: At the policy level, variables that reflected variation in health care policy were included based on a literature review on the home care policy for older persons in six European countries: Belgium, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Italy, a…

Human rights and correctional health policy: a view from Europe.

Purpose Correctional healthcare should promote the protection of human rights. The purpose of this paper is to bring a discussion of human rights into debates on how such policy should be best organized. Design/methodology/approach The paper achieves its aim by providing an analysis of European prison law and policy in the area of prison health, through assessing decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, as well as policies created by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture. Findings The paper describes the position of the European Court of Human Rights on the topics of acc…

Suicides by Jumping Off Istanbul Bridges Linking Asia and Europe.

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the injury spectrum and characteristics of people who committed suicide by jumping into water from the July 15th Martyrs Bridge and Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridges in Istanbul, Turkey. METHODS: This study included all of the jumpers from the July 15th Martyrs Bridge and Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge who were autopsied by the Council of Forensic Medicine, Istanbul Morgue Department, between 2000 and 2013. All of the data were collected from archived case files. Trauma scores were calculated from the traumatic findings of the autopsy reports using the New In