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Risk factors of malnutrition among preschool children in Terengganu, Malaysia: a case control study.

BACKGROUND: Childhood malnutrition is a multi-dimensional problem. An increase in household income is not sufficient to reduce childhood malnutrition if children are deprived of food security, education, access to water, sanitation and health services. The aim of this study is to identify the characteristics of malnourished children below five years of age and to ascertain the risk factors of childhood malnutrition in a state in Malaysia. METHODS: A case control study was conducted in the maternal and child health clinics in five districts of Terengganu, Malaysia from April to August 2012. Ca…

Response of rice production to rising CO2 and its adaptive cultivation strategies.

Rice is the staple food for more than half of the population in China. Therefore, enhancing the grain yield of rice is the core of ensuring food security. In recent decades, the increase of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration generally increases the photosynthetic rate of rice and then the rice yield. This phenomenon is generally termed the CO2 fertilization effect (CFE), which plays a pivotal role in sustaining global rice yield in the context of climate change. In order to accurately understand the impact of elevated CO2 on rice productivity and yield, this study first presents th…

Awareness of Poultry Farmers of Interconnected Health Risks: A Cross-Sectional Study on Mycotoxins, Biosecurity, and Salmonellosis in Jimma, Ethiopia.

Poultry farming in Ethiopia is crucial for food security and income, but it faces significant challenges due to gaps in farmer awareness. A cross-sectional study was conducted using the Biocheck.UGent™ biosecurity scoring system and a questionnaire to evaluate poultry farmers' basic and practical knowledge concerning salmonellosis and mycotoxins. The questionnaire revealed substantial gaps in basic and practical knowledge regarding Salmonella spp infections and mycotoxin among 38 poultry farmers in Jimma. About 68.4% of farmers were unaware of the impact of salmonellosis on both poultry and hu…

Использование картирования результатов для мобилизации важнейших заинтересованных сторон для создания в Руанде производственно-сбытовой цепи вакцины от гендерных заболеваний в долине Рифт и Ньюкасле.

Около 752 миллионов бедняков мира удерживают скот для производства продовольствия, получения доходов и создания активов. Женщины составляют две трети (~ 400 млн. человек) лиц с низким уровнем доходов, занимающихся животноводством. Инфекционные заболевания являются одной из основных проблем, препятствующих тому, чтобы скотохозяинцы получали оптимальные производственные доходы и повышали продовольственную безопасность. В Руанде весьма заразные, но предотвратимые заболевания, которые затрагивают животных, с которыми сталкиваются женщины, такие, как лихорадка в долине Рифт в козлах и болезнь в Нью

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Approximately 752 million of the world's poor keep livestock to produce food, generate income, and build assets. Women represent two-thirds (~400 million people) of low-income livestock keepers. Infectious diseases are a major issue in preventing livestock keepers from optimizing production earnings and improving food security. In Rwanda, highly contagious y…

Ecological Drivers of Plasmid-Mediated Antimicrobial Resistance in Aquaculture.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global challenge that compromises the effectiveness of disease control and increases risks for b … lance, and coordinated international policies to curb resistance dissemination and safeguard global food security.

Recent research highlights and innovations for sustainable crop protection.

The global agricultural sector faces immense challenges in ensuring food security for a growing population while safeguarding environmental and human health. The discovery of new products and solutions for the sustainable crop protection of the future is an imperative necessity and a matter of great urgency. With the purpose to showcase the most recent innovations and developments in crop protection the 15th IUPAC International Congress of Crop Protection Chemistry was held in 2023. This Special Issue comprises 26 articles and provides information on the latest innovations in crop protection r…

Detection of Salmonella Enteritidis in Milk Using Conductometric Immunosensor Coated on Polyaniline/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite.

The demand for rapid and accurate detection methods for Salmonella Enteritidis necessitates the development of highly sensitive and specific biosensors to ensure proper monitoring of food safety and quality requirements in the food sector and to secure human health. This study focused on development of a polyaniline/zinc oxide (PANI/ZnO) nanocomposite film on a gold electrode conductometric immunosensor for detection of Salmonella Enteritidis. The sensor was modified with monoclonal anti-Salmonella Enteritidis antibodies as biorecognition elements. The fabricated sensor was able to detect and

Germination-driven biochemical remodeling of cereals and pseudocereals: Impacts on nutrient bioaccessibility, phytochemical enrichment, and functional food potential.

Global staples include cereal grains (maize, rice, wheat, barley, and sorghum), whose nutritional value is partly limited by antinutritional … oducing nutrient-dense and functionally enhanced cereal foods that meet health, sustainability, and food security requirements.

Hazardous alcohol use is associated with food insecurity in adults living alone: Findings from a nationwide study in Korea.

Food insecurity has emerged as a major public health issue. This cross-sectional study explored the association between hazardous alcohol us … n Test (AUDIT-4). The outcome variable was food insecurity, as measured using the 18-item Household Food Security Survey. Household composition was classified into three categories: single-person households (individuals living alone), multi-person households without children, and multi-person households with children. Logistic regression was employed to evaluat …

Food insecurity amongst asylum seekers and people without status in Israel.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic caused massive disruptions globally, with food insecurity a primary concern amongst vulnerable communities … ncluded an online questionnaire regarding access to food, aid and choices, and the 6 item Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) The qualitative component included 4 focus groups and thematic analysis. The study was conducted in November 2020, by the Ministry of Health's Nutrition Division and the Tel Aviv Municipality's foreign community assistance and …

Prevalence and risk factors of food insecurity during pregnancy: a multicenter survey in French Guiana.

BACKGROUND: The post-COVID international situation, wars and food price inflation are hampering access to food for the most vulnerable households who have no safety net against unforeseen events. While pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to food shortages and nutritional imbalances, data on food insecurity during pregnancy and associated risk factors are scarce. METHODS: A 2023 multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted among a representative sample of 730 women during the third trimester of pregnancy in French Guiana. Food insecurity (USDA Food Security Survey Module), diet qual…

Associations between Subjective and Objective Measures of the Community Food Environment and Executive Function in Early Childhood.

The present study utilized a cross-sectional design to assess whether two indicators of the community food environment, parent perceptions of the community food environment (i.e., as assessed by parent reports of access to, availability, and affordability of foods) and limited food access (via census data), were related to executive function in preschool children. Children were recruited during the 2014-2015 academic year from Head Start and community-based preschools (N = 102) and children's executive function ability was tested using the Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders task. Multiple linear regres

Silencing the Sirens: Weight-Loss Drugs, Food Noise, and the Ethics of Effortless Self‑Control.

Drawing upon firsthand accounts of GLP-1RA weight-loss drugs, this paper challenges the bioconservative view that effort is essential to self-control and the narrower view that obesity is simply a matter of weakness of will. Many dieters have persistent intrusive food thoughts that are neither transparent nor voluntarily controllable. By quieting food noise, these drugs offer users epistemic access to the true target of effective self-control and provide a pathway to long-term success that effort alone rarely secures. We argue that the value of self-control lies not in the subjective experienc

Educators' views on the needs and support of HIV/AIDS orphans in their psychosocial development.

Objective - Educators' perceptions of the psychosocial needs of HIV/AIDS orphans are important in supporting these children. The objective of this research is to determine the view of educators regarding the psychosocial needs of HIV/AIDS affected children. Method - A questionnaire, based on a thorough literature study was administered to determine the views of teachers. A convenient sample of 120 teachers from different schools, who attended a workshop organised for the primary schools in a particular school district in Tswane was used. Results - Only about half of the educators indicated tha

Systematic review of the treatment of moderate acute malnutrition using food products.

There is currently a lack of international guidance on the most appropriate treatment for moderate acute malnutrition (MAM), and discrepancies in national treatment guidelines exist. We aimed to explore whether food interventions are effective for MAM children 6-59 months old and whether they result in better outcomes compared with no treatment or management with nutrition counselling. A systematic literature search was conducted in October 2018, identifying studies that compared treating MAM children with food products versus management with counselling or no intervention. A total of 673 abst

Trends and disparities in urinary BPA concentrations among U.S. emerging adults.

BACKGROUND: Emerging adulthood (ages 18-25 years) is a key turning point in the life course characterized by particularly poor eating behavi … lized linear models predicting log BPA by age group and sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, and food security status, and generalized linear models predicting BMI by log BPA, both age group and age as a continuous variable, sex, race/ethnicity, education, income, and food security status were conducted. Interactions with age group (i.e., age group x sex) we …

Regulatory Approaches to Cybersecurity Risk Management for AI-Enabled Medical Device Software in Korea, the United States, and the European Union: Comparative Document Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Software-based and AI-enabled medical devices are increasingly networked and updatable, expanding the attack surface and making cybersecurity governance intersect with quality management and postmarket oversight. Regulated device risk management nevertheless remains primarily oriented toward patient-safety harms under ISO 14971 frameworks, which may not fully capture cybersecurity risks affecting data integrity, system resilience, or service continuity. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare how Korea's Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS), the US Food and Drug Administration (

"We are invisible to them"-Identifying the most vulnerable groups in humanitarian crises during the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of Rohingyas and the Host communities of Cox's Bazar.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an adverse impact on the Rohingya and the Bangladeshi host communities, which have been well documented in the … communities during the pandemic. Some of these factors include economic constraints, gender norms, food security, social safety-security, psychosocial well-being, access to healthcare services, mobility, dependency, and a sudden halt in education. One of the most significant impacts of COVID-19 was the loss of earning sources, especially for the already econom …

Safety Evaluation of Potential Toxic Metals Exposure from Street Foods Consumed in Mid-West Nigeria.

Objective. Street-vended foods offer numerous advantages to food security; nevertheless, the safety of street food should be considered. This study has investigated the level of potential toxic metal (Pb, Cd, Hg, Sb, Mn, and Al) contamination among street-vended foods in Benin City and Umunede. Methods. Twenty street food samples were purchased from vendors at bus stops. Metals were analyzed with atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The methods developed by the US EPA were employed to evaluate the potential health risk of toxic metals. Results. The concentrations of the toxic metals in mg/kg w…

Food safety of allergic patients in hospitals: implementation of a quality strategy to ensure correct management.

Food allergy could affect up to 8% of children. Four cases of food anaphylaxis in hospitalized children are reported, pointing to the need of food allergenic safety procedures in hospital settings. The implementation of the operating procedure in hospital food production units (HFPU) of Nancy University Hospital is described. The dietetics Department developed on hypoallergenic diet and specific avoidance diets. Dieticians within HFPU managed the choice of starting materials, the circuit organization in order to avoid any risk of contamination during preparation and cooking of food, product tr