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The Current Landscape of Secondary Malignancies after CAR T-Cell Therapies: How Could Malignancies Be Prevented?

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies have revolutionised the field of haematological malignancies by achieving impressive remission rates in patients with highly refractory haematological malignancies, improving overall survival. To date, six commercial anti-CD19 and anti-BCMA CAR T-cell products have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of relapsed/refractory B-cell haematological malignancies and multiple myeloma. The indications for CAR T-cell therapies are gradually expanding, with these therapies being investigated in a variety of diseases,

Rationale and development of an e-health application to deliver patient-centered care during treatment for recently diagnosed multiple myeloma patients: pilot study of the MM E-coach.

BACKGROUND: Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) increasingly face complicated treatment regimens. E-health may support patients and healthcare providers in enhancing a patient-centered healthcare approach. Therefore, we aimed to develop a patient-centered multi-modality e-health application, to assess the application for usability and end-user experiences. METHODS: The application was developed following an iterative "action-based" methodology using the design thinking approach. Key end users participated, and relevant stakeholders were consulted in the development process. First, the care pa

Машинное обучение для прогнозирования заболеваний с высоким коэффициентом риска у пациентов с раком.

ЦЕЛЬ: Инфекционные осложнения у больных раком способствуют госпитализации, нарушению лечения и смертности. Цель этого исследования заключалась в разработке моделей машинного обучения (ML) для стратификации рисков, связанных с госпитализацией (ИРХ) больных раком. МЕТОДЫ: Взрослые пациенты, у которых диагностировали и лечили лимфому, множественную миелому (ММ), хроническую лимфоцитическую лейкемию (КЛЛ), цветную или лёгкую раку. 2013 в адрес 2023 В него были включены страны Северной Дании. Были использованы данные национальных реестров раковых заболеваний и данных о состоянии здоровья пациентов.

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… TOKS = The National Early Warning Score 2, qSOFA = The Quick Organ Failure Assessment Score (qSOFA). Table S8: ‐1: Name and corresponding missing percentage for features used in ML. Table S8: ‐2: Name and corresponding missing percentage for features used in ML48. … Han , et al., “ Quick Sepsis‐Related Organ Failure Assessment, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, and Early Warning Scores for Detecting Clinical Deterioration in Infected Patients Outside the Intensive Care Unit ,” American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 195 , no. 7 ( 2017 ) …

Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Hematologic Malignancies Hospitalized With Respiratory Viral Infections.

BackgroundRespiratory viral infections in patients with hematologic malignancies or hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HCTs) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, the hospital presentations and courses of these infections remain under-described.MethodsWe performed a multicenter retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with hematologic malignancy or HCT at 2 comprehensive cancer centers between January 2019 and June 2023. We included all patients with acute viral respiratory infection (identified based on a constellation of test results and objective physi

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… Quick sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, and early warning scores for detecting clinical deterioration in infected patients outside the intensive care unit. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:906–11. 30. Seymour CW, Liu VX, Iwashyna TJ, et al. … Relative performance of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria, the quick sequential organ failure assessment, and early warning scores in oncology patients outside the ICU. American Thoracic Society International Conference 2023; Washington, DC. …

Research Progress in Pharmacological Targeted Therapy for Myasthenia Gravis.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a disorder of neuromuscular junction transmission that is mediated by autoantibodies and depends on T cell help, causing fatigable muscle weakness. Limitations of conventional first-line treatments, including long-term adverse effects and inadequate control of refractory disease, have driven targeted therapy to the forefront of MG research. This narrative review summarizes second-line and later-line targeted biological and cellular therapies, covering agents directedat B and T cells, complement inhibitors, neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) antagonists and cytokine inhibitor

Surgical Intervention for Spinal Lesions Due to Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report.

Vertebral disease is a main source of morbidity (MM) in individuals with multiple myeloma. The effects of associated osteolytic lesions and vertebral fractures on severe pain, functional limits, spinal deformity, and cord compression are well recognized. Systemic therapy, radiation, cementoplasty (vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty), and radiofrequency ablation are now available therapeutic options for severe MM spinal pain. We here reported a case of a 45-year-old male who had complained of progressive symptoms of pathological spine fractures. He had been examined and investigated for the cause of ly

Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in the Personalized Medicine Era.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a lymphoproliferative disorder marked by the expansion of monoclonal, mature CD5+CD23+ B cells in peripheral blood, secondary lymphoid tissues, and bone marrow. The disease exhibits significant heterogeneity, with numerous somatic genetic alterations identified in the neoplastic clone, notably mutated TP53 and immunoglobulin heavy chain mutational statuses. Recent studies emphasize the pivotal roles of genetics and patient fragility in treatment decisions. This complexity underscores the need for a personalized approach, tailoring interventions to individual gen

Treatment-induced bone loss and fractures in cancer patients undergoing hormone ablation therapy: efficacy and safety of denosumab.

Hormone ablation therapy (HALT) for breast or prostate cancer accelerates the development of osteoporosis in both men and women by causing estrogen deficiency, which increases the risk for fracture by promoting bone resorption mediated by osteoclasts. Denosumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that inhibits osteoclast formation and function, increases bone mass in patients undergoing hormone ablation therapy. In the HALT study of 1,468 men with prostate cancer on androgen-deprivation therapy, denosumab significantly reduced the risk of new vertebral fractures, increased bone mineral density

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics and metabolomics in multiple myeloma: a systematic review of prognostic biomarkers and minimal residual disease monitoring.

INTRODUCTION: Current multiple myeloma (MM) risk stratification, anchored on the Revised International Staging System (R-ISS), provides a static snapshot of disease but fails to capture its dynamic biological evolution, functional tumor-microenvironment crosstalk, and real-time treatment response. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic and metabolomic profiling has emerged as a high-sensitivity tool for both novel biomarker discovery and minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring. This systematic review evaluates the independent prognostic value and clinical utility of quantitative MS-based pro

Machine learning and multi-omics technologies for precision cardiovascular medicine: advancing diagnosis, risk prediction, and therapeutic guidance.

Cardiovascular disease remains a major global health burden. Owing to its complex pathogenesis and marked clinical heterogeneity, conventional one-size-fits-all strategies often yield limited benefit for a substantial proportion of patients. Precision medicine advocates individualized management based on patients' clinical and molecular characteristics to improve outcomes. In this context, multi-omics and machine learning provide critical technical support for precision medicine: multi-omics can capture the full spectrum of cardiovascular disease from molecular alterations to phenotypic manife

Septic shock in the immunocompromised cancer patient: a narrative review.

Immunosuppressed patients, particularly those with cancer, represent a momentous and increasing portion of the population, especially as cancer incidence rises with population growth and aging. These patients are at a heightened risk of developing severe infections, including sepsis and septic shock, due to multiple immunologic defects such as neutropenia, lymphopenia, and T and B-cell impairment. The diverse and complex nature of these immunologic profiles, compounded by the concomitant use of immunosuppressive therapies (e.g., corticosteroids, cytotoxic drugs, and immunotherapy), superimpose

Уровень крови в световой цепи нейрофильтрации в качестве биомаркера неврологических расстройств.

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Network analysis used to investigate the symptoms of cancer patients during chemotherapy: a scoping review.

ObjectiveTo provide an overview of the symptom experience and interrelationships among symptoms during chemotherapy in cancer patients, as well as the state of symptom network research in this field.MethodsThis scoping review was conducted using the framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and the PRISMA guidelines. It included studies that focused on symptom network analysis of cancer patients currently undergoing chemotherapy treatment. A comprehensive search was conducted in both English and Chinese databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, CINAHL (EBSCO), Web of Science, ProQ

Понимание депрессии у людей, живущих с множественным склерозом: обзор последних событий в литературе.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое нейродегенеративное и аутоиммунное заболевание, которое затрагивает примерно 1 миллион взрослых людей в США. Психологические расстройства являются типичными коморбидами у людей с MS (PwMS), причем наиболее распространенным явлением является депрессия. Клиническая депрессия в ПТМС может оказать существенное воздействие на качество жизни и фактор, в значительной степени влияющий на состояние лечения. Депрессия может вспыхнуть на ранних стадиях множества, что становится все более распространенным по мере развития болезни и усиления степени клинической инва

The Importance of a Multidisciplinary Approach in the Management of a Patient with Type I Gaucher Disease.

Managing the multisystemic symptoms of type I Gaucher Disease (GD) requires a multidisciplinary team approach that includes disease-specific treatments, as well as supportive care. This involves a range of medical specialists, general practitioners, supportive care providers, and patients. Phenotype classification and the setting of treatment goals are important for optimizing the management of type I GD, and for providing personalized care. The ability to classify disease severity using validated measurement tools allows the standardization of patient monitoring, and the measurement of diseas

Study on Effects of Cyclophosphamide Combined with Vinorelbine in Advanced Small Cell Lung Cancer and Anteroposterior Changes in MRI.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of cyclophosphamide combined with vinorelbine in advanced small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and anteroposterior changes in MRI.MethodsThe clinical data of 90 patients with advanced SCLC admitted to our hospital from April 2020 to April 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into the control group and the study group according to the order of admission, with 45 cases in each group. The control group received the routine treatment, while the study group was treated with cyclophosphamide and vinorelbine to compare the indexes of imaging data and clinical

Analysis of Skeletal-Related Events in a Liaison Treatment for Metastatic Spinal Tumors: A 10-Year Retrospective Study.

INTRODUCTION: Skeletal-related events (SREs), including pathological fractures and spinal cord compression, significantly reduce the quality of life and survival in patients with metastatic spinal tumors. Although multidisciplinary "liaison treatment" has been implemented at our institution to detect and manage all metastatic spinal lesions, some patients still develop SREs. This study aims to analyze the characteristics and circumstances of patients who experienced SREs despite this system, with particular focus on referrals from other hospitals. METHODS: We reviewed patients who developed S

CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: what can we learn from the haematologist?

CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, originally developed for haematological malignancies, has recently emerged as a promising therapy for patients with autoimmune diseases. By selectively depleting CD19-positive B-cells, this therapy brings a new approach in resetting immune dysregulation and potentially providing long-term remission for patients with a refractory disease. Recent reports have highlighted its effectiveness in conditions such as SLE, systemic sclerosis and myositis. However, while these early results are encouraging, questions remain regarding strategie

The impact of chemotherapy-induced inner ear damage on quality of life in cancer survivors: a qualitative study.

PurposeThis study aimed to explore the burden of inner ear damage (ototoxicity) on adults living with and beyond cancer treated with chemotherapy and the impact on their quality of life (QoL). Furthermore, this study aimed to explore patient awareness surrounding chemotherapy-induced inner ear damage, known as ototoxicity, and assess what support they had been offered.MethodsParticipants were adults who had undergone chemotherapy, recruited from cancer clinics, charities and social media. Using semi-structured interviews and fieldnotes, an inductive thematic analysis was used to develop key th

Кардиотоксичность, вызванная множественными миэломатерапиями: механистическая конвергенция между протеиновыми ингибиторами, CAR-T и биконкретными антителами.

Сердечно-сосудистая токсичность стала важным препятствием на пути реализации полного клинического потенциала современной терапии для множественных миэломы (ММ), включая протеазонные ингибиторы (ИП), химерика антигенного рецептора Т-клеток (CAR-T) и CD3-engaging Биотипные антитела. Здесь мы обсуждаем эпидемиологию, лежащую в основе механистических путей, и новые стратегии предотвращения кардиотоксичности, вызванной терапией, в MM. На основе данных, полученных в ходе исследований по изучению мультиомики, доклинических моделей и данных наблюдений в реальном мире, мы синтезируем вклад митохондриал