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Antifungal efficacy of thermostable I168L chitinase-ZnONPs encapsulated in alginate for postharvest fruit storage.

This study developed a novel biocontrol strategy using an alginate-encapsulated thermostable mutant chitinase (I168L) combined with zinc oxi … hitinase activity in phosphate buffer compared to water. Crucially, in postharvest trials on dragon fruits, the Alg-I168L-ZnONPs complex demonstrated superior antifungal efficacy, effectively preventing and treating Colletotrichum spp. DH31.1 infection at both 28 °C and 35 °C, with disease lesions being almost negligible. These findings highlight the si …

Opuntia ficus-indica fruit consumption improves insulin resistance in mice with diet-induced obesity.

BACKGROUND: Obesity induces various co-morbidities including insulin resistance. Opuntia ficus-indica fruit (OFIF) is rich in various beneficial compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study evaluated the efficacy of OFIF supplementation to counteract obesity-induced insulin resistance in comparison with an euglycemic agent, chromium picolinate (CrPi), in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice. Molecular investigations associated with the observed effects as well as the evaluation of OFIF impact on the composition of gut microbiota in HFD mice were also carried out. Gluc…

Postharvest CO2 treatment and cold storage for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) fruit infestation control.

The invasive pest, spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) or SWD), damages various soft-skinned fruits, severely impacting orchards and vineyards economically. Current sorting practices in commercial production may overlook early-stage SWD infestations, as visible signs take a few days to appear. Our study focused on managing SWD infesting fruits (blueberry, cherry, and raspberry) without visible signs using an artificial atmosphere with elevated CO2 and low temperature. We hypothesized that these factors affect SWD survival and possibly interact, with potential variatio…

Sunburn mitigation in dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.): unravelling genotype-specific physiological and biochemical responses.

INTRODUCTION: Sunburn is a major abiotic stress affecting dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.), impairing tissue integrity, disrupting physiological functions, and significantly reducing yield. Developing effective mitigation strategies is critical for sustaining productivity under high radiation conditions. METHODS: This study evaluated the efficacy of eleven treatments combining kaolin (5%) with shade net, seaweed extract (0.5%), and various biostimulants in red (H. costaricensis 'CHESH-D1') and white (H. undatus 'CHESH-W1') genotypes. Treatments included T1 (water spray control), T2 (kaolin 5% +…

De novo Serum Biochemistry и Electronicphoretic Reference Intervals для ямайских мышей фруктов (Artibeus jamaicensis).

Фруктовая мышь Ямайки (Artibeus jamaicensis; JFB) — естественная экспериментальная модель для многих вирусов, включая вирус денге, вирус Зика, вирус бешенства, вирус гриппа, вирус такарибе, и совсем недавно SARS-COV-2, благодаря их уникальным иммунным системам, которые позволяют укрывать и передавать болезни без возникновения серьезных клинических заболеваний. В этих исследованиях воздействие болезней может измеряться с помощью изменений в сыворотке биохимических и белковых электрофоретических значений крови. Вместе с тем в настоящее время не установлено каких-либо контрольных интервалов для О

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The Jamaican fruit bat (Artibeus jamaicensis; JFB) is a natural host and current experimental model for many viruses, including Middle East respiratory syndrome virus, dengue virus, Zika virus, rabies virus, influenza virus, tacaribe virus, and most recently SARS-CoV-2, due to their unique immune systems, which allow the harboring and transmission of disease…

New insight of chemical constituents in Persea americana fruit against obesity via integrated pharmacology.

Persea americana fruit (PAF) is a favorable nutraceutical resource that comprises diverse unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). UFAs are significant dietary supplementation, as they relieve metabolic disorders, including obesity (OB). In another aspect, this study was focused on the anti-OB efficacy of the non-fatty acids (NFAs) in PAF through network pharmacology (NP). Natural product activity & species source (NPASS), SwissADME, similarity ensemble approach (SEA), Swiss target prediction (STP), DisGeNET, and online Mendelian inheritance in man (OMIM) were utilized to gather significant molecules a…

Effect of ethanol extract from Enterolobium cyclocarpum fruit on Leghorn chickens exposed to Eimeria.

There are concerns about residues of drugs in meat that are used to prevent coccidiosis in chickens. Natural compounds are an alternative to drugs. Two studies investigated the effect of an extract of Enterolobium cyclocarpum fruits (EEC) in the feed of male Leghorn chickens exposed to Eimeria spp. In the first experiment, the administration of EEC after infection with Eimeria spp. was investigated over 16 days. One thousand chickens were randomly housed in 20 pens of 1 m2 each. The pens were randomly assigned to each treatment. Five treatments were administered, containing 150, 300 and 450 mg…

Viral Diversity in Mixed Tree Fruit Production Systems Determined through Bee-Mediated Pollen Collection.

Commercially cultivated Prunus species are commonly grown in adjacent or mixed orchards and can be infected with unique or commonly shared viruses. Apple (Malus domestica), another member of the Rosacea and distantly related to Prunus, can share the same growing regions and common pathogens. Pollen can be a major route for virus transmission, and analysis of the pollen virome in tree fruit orchards can provide insights into these virus pathogen complexes from mixed production sites. Commercial honey bee (Apis mellifera) pollination is essential for improved fruit sets and yields in tree fruit …

Roles of Nitric Oxide and Brassinosteroid in Improving Fruit Quality during Postharvest: Potential Regulators?

Most postharvest fruits are highly perishable, which directly impairs fruit taste and causes an economic loss of fresh products. Thus, it is necessary to find effective techniques to alleviate this issue. Recently, nitric oxide (NO) and brassinosteroid (BR) have been developed as postharvest alternatives to improve fruit quality. This work mainly reviews the recent processes of NO and BR in improving fruit quality during postharvest. Exogenous NO or BR treatments delayed fruit senescence, enhanced disease resistance, and alleviated chilling injury in postharvest fruit, and potential physiologi…

Sustainable ultrasonic extraction of antibacterial Basella alba fruit dye for cotton, silk, and leather.

Alternative to synthetic dyes containing harmful compounds, dyes derived from natural sources are gaining popularity due to their safer and eco-friendly nature. This study focuses on extracting red dye from Basella alba fruit and optimising the extraction methods, including ultrasonic bath, ultrasonic probe, and direct heating. The extracted dye was then used for dyeing cotton, silk, and leather without needing a mordant. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of the extracted red dye were evaluated against skin bacteria. The UV-Visible spectrophotometric analysis revealed that the maximum …

Efficacy of Hovenia dulcis Fruit Extract in Hangover Mitigation: Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Evaluation.

The fruit of Hovenia dulcis Thunb. (HD) is renowned for its medicinal properties and is rich in bioactive compounds, traditionally used in East Asian medicine as a natural antidote for alcohol intoxication. A randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo (PLA)-controlled clinical trial was conducted to compare the effects of beverages containing 0.475% HD (HDB), HD combined with 0.1% Pueraria lobata extract (HDPB), and HD combined with 0.02% glutathione yeast extract (HDGB) with the PLA on the symptoms of a hangover. Subjects (n = 30) were randomized into six test groups consuming three beverag…

Production and Characterization of Red Fruit Spirits Made from Red Raspberries, Blueberries, and Strawberries.

This study demonstrated the feasibility of fermenting and distilling low-commercial-value red fruits such as red raspberries, blueberries, and strawberries to produce high-value red fruit spirits. The fermentation process was efficient, with all red berry wines achieving a notable ethanol conversion yield (46.33 to 66.31%), without the need for nutrient supplementation or fruit juice solid separation, which showed no significant effect on the quality of the final product. Small-scale copper Charentais alembic distillation of the fermented red fruit juices resulted in fruit spirits equivalent t…

Chilean Papaya (Vasconcellea pubescens): A Native Fruit with a High Health-Promoting Functional Potential.

Papaya fruit is commonly known for its nutritional and medicinal value. It is a perennial, herbaceous, and trioecious cross-pollinated species with male, female, and hermaphrodite plants. The Chilean papaya, originating from South America, has been extensively spread throughout the Andean nations, cultivated primarily in the Coquimbo and Valparaíso valleys in Chile, between 34°41' and 36°33' latitude south. Its intense aroma, yellow color, and oblong shape characterize this fruit. It also stands out for its high content of carotenoids, vitamins, proteins, and polysaccharides, which make it a g…

Hydrogen sulfide alleviates pericarp browning in lichi fruit by modulating energy and sugar metabolisms.

Postharvest litchi is susceptible to browning that limits the development of litchi industry. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important bioactive molecule that can regulate many physiological processes. This study examined the effects of exogenous H2S on pericarp browning and related physiological mechanisms in postharvest litchi. The results exhibited that exogenous H2S treatment delayed the browning of litchi pericarp and reduced the damage to cell membrane integrity during storage. This treatment inhibited the energy losses of litchi fruit by increasing the activities of H+-ATPase, Ca2+- ATPas…

The fruit quality and nutrient content of kiwifruit produced by organic versus chemical fertilizers.

BACKGROUND: Currently, organic farming has become a feasible approach for the production of high-quality fruits. To evaluate the response of fruit quality and mineral nutrition contents of Hayward Kiwifruit affected by different organic and inorganic fertilizers, the present study was conducted in Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Center, Iran, in 2017-2021, as a randomized block design with three replications. The studied treatments were organic fertilizers (cow, vermicompost and Azolla) and chemical fertilizers. After 4 years of fertilization, the fruit's nutritional elements content an…

Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract alleviates halitosis and reduces the inflammatory response to oral bacteria.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of Phyllanthus emblica extract in alleviating halitosis and reducing the inflammatory response to halitosis-related bacteria. METHODOLOGY: This investigation, using Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract (PE), involved four aspects. First, we evaluated the effect on growth and aggregation of halitosis-related bacteria, including Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Solobacterium moorei, using a microdilution assay and scanning electron microscopy. Second, volatile sulfur compound (VSC) levels were measured on individuals with halitosis in randomi…

Sprayable oxidized polyvinyl alcohol with improved degradability and sufficient mechanical property for fruit preservation.

Besides their limited preservation capacity and low biosafety, traditional fruit preservation procedures exacerbate "white pollution" because they utilize excessive plastic. Herein, an environmentally friendly one-pot method was developed to obtain degradable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), where the hydroxyl radicals generated through the reaction between hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and iron ions functioned to oxidize PVA. The oxidized PVA (OPVA-1.0) with abundant ketone groups, reduced crystallinity, and short molecular chains was completely degraded into H2O and CO2 after being buried in the soil for…

Comprehensive analysis of microbiome biodiversity in popular date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit varieties.

Due to its nutritional value and health benefits, the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is an essential dietary food crop throughout Middle Eastern and African countries. Consumers are concerned about the possible microbial contamination of dates, especially since most dates arriving in local markets are unprocessed. The absence of processing increases the possibility of microbial contamination, which raises the probability of microbial contamination. This study aims to analyze and evaluate the variability of fungal and bacterial microbiota identified in the most popular date palm fruits in S…

Fear of mating out (FOMO): voyeurism does not increase mating propensity in fruit flies.

Mate availability and social information can influence mating behaviour in both males and females. Social information obtained from conspeci … tations of our study (e.g., flies unable to watch other pairs). Generally, our results suggest that fruit flies do not use visual cues from conspecifics mating to adjust their own mating latency or mating duration.

Development and Evaluation of an Eco-Friendly Hand Sanitizer Formulation Valorized from Fruit Peels.

Hand sanitizer usage has proven to be a common and practical method for reducing the spread of infectious diseases which can be caused by many harmful pathogens. There is a need for alcohol-free hand sanitizers because most hand sanitizers on the market are alcohol-based, and regular use of them can damage the skin and can be hazardous. India is the world's largest producer of fruits and one of the major problems after fruit consumption is their peels, causing waste management problems and contributing to the formation of greenhouse gases leading to air pollution and adding to the problem of c…