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The interaction between factor VIII clotting antigen and phospholipids in genetic variants of hemophilia and von Willebrand's disease.

The interaction of factor VIII with phospholipids was investigated in 11 patients with mild and moderate hemophilia A, 7 patients with von Willebrand's disease and in 10 healthy people as controls. The addition of phospholipid vesicles containing phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine to normal plasma and that of patients with von Willebrand's disease resulted in the loss of almost two thirds of the factor VIII clotting antigen (VIII:CAg) measurable by IRMA. Defective interaction of phospholipids with VIII:CAg was noted in some genetic variants of mild and moderate hemophilia A. Thus …

Multiarmed Radially Amphiphilic Antimicrobial Polypeptides Enable Enhanced Recognition of Bacterial Phospholipid.

The differences in the phospholipid profile between bacterial and mammalian membranes present a promising direction for designing antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). A key challenge, however, is engineering AMPs with a high affinity for bacterial anionic phospholipid (phosphatidylglycerol, PG) while minimizing off-target interactions with mammalian phosphatidylserine (PS). Herein, we report a multiarmed radially amphiphilic AMP (maRAP) design that enhances PG recognition, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity and exceptional antibacterial selectivity. Compared to the single-arm RAP (1aRAP), maRA

iPLA2β-dependent phospholipid remodeling drives ZIKV-induced neuroinflammation and neurological injury.

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection of the developing brain induces neuroinflammatory responses that can restrict viral replication but may also con … disrupts ZIKV-induced phospholipid remodeling, characterized by altered arachidonic acid-containing phospholipids and depletion of docosahexaenoic acid-enriched species. Importantly, sustained iPLA2β activity promotes phospholipid remodeling that supports efficient ZIKV replication, thereby increasing viral burden and contributing to a pro-inflammatory lipid en …

Hydrophilic and Lipophilic Carbon Dots Impart Thermosensitivity to Doxorubicin Loaded Phospholipid Liposomes.

Background/Objectives: Hyperthermia coupled with temperature-triggered drug delivery systems, including drug-loaded thermosensitive liposomes, that exhibit increased membrane permeability at hyperthermia-relevant temperatures is a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. Our previous study revealed that nitrogen-doped carbon dots (CD) partially interact with the phospholipids of liposomes, increasing the membrane permeability of an encapsulated anticancer drug. In vitro cell experiments indicated that their presence in the culture medium, albeit at relatively high concentrations, a…

Bacterial Toxin Exploits Host Membrane Phospholipid as a Receptor for Binding, Entry, and Cytopathogenicity.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a leading cause of bacterial community-acquired pneumonia, responsible for severe respiratory and extrapulmonary di … ngly, our subsequent work identified an interaction between CARDS toxin and the ubiquitous membrane phospholipids sphingomyelin (SM) and phosphatidylcholine (PC). This study investigated whether CARDS toxin uses these lipids as functional cell surface receptors. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, we demonstrated that the carboxy region of CARDS toxin bin …

Surfactant nebulization in severe COVID-19: Tracheal aspirate phospholipid turnover and metabolism.

COV-SARS-2 targets alveolar type II cells. As these cells synthesise lung surfactant, we hypothesised that surfactant dysfunction may contri … shortly after intubation, TA analysis (n = 20) showed markedly reduced concentrations of surfactant phospholipids, consistent with surfactant depletion. In a dose-range study in 12 ventilated COVID-19 patients with ARDS, administered surfactant resulted mean 20-fold (range 6.4 and 60.3) excess over endogenous lipid, providing proof of concept for effective nebu …

The influence of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum bacteria on phospholipid metabolism in the blood of patients.

Ticks carry various pathogens, including the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, which causes Lyme disease (LD) in humans, and the Gram-negative bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA). These diseases pose both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. It is known that tick-borne diseases are typically accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammation, and consequently, other metabolic changes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the modification of ROS- and enzyme-dependent metabolism of phospholipids and free polyunsaturated fatty acids (P…

Characterization of Anti-Phospholipid Antibodies in Lyme Borreliosis Using In-House Developed ELISAs.

OBJECTIVES: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, a spirochete bacterium responsible for Lyme borreliosis-the most common tick-borne infection in North America and Europe-can trigger the production of antiphospholipid antibodies. These antibodies target host lipids such as cardiolipin (CL), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylserine (PS), which the spirochete incorporates into its membrane from the surrounding environment. Although antiphospholipid antibodies are typically associated with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), they may also arise during infections, including

Mapping Berberine distribution in liposomes: the role of drug-phospholipid interactions in localization and release.

Liposomes are versatile nanocarriers capable of encapsulating drugs within distinct compartments. However, the impact of drug localization on release kinetics remains poorly understood, particularly for amphiphilic compounds. In this study, Berberine was employed as a model amphiphilic drug to investigate how drug-lipid interactions and membrane composition influence its intra-liposomal distribution and release behavior. Spectroscopic and calorimetric analyses revealed that Berberine predominantly localizes within the aqueous core of liposomes composed of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoch

Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation analysis of the effects of phospholipid and cholesterol on electroporation.

Membrane composition is a critical factor for electroporation. Although existing research focuses on pore formation driven by local phospholipid headgroup clusters, the large-scale membrane dynamics post-pore formation remain underexplored. In this study, coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to investigate the effects of phospholipid headgroups (PC, PE and PS), tail characteristics (DLPC, DPPC, POPC and DOPC) and cholesterol (CHOL) content (0 mol%-50 mol%) on membrane electroporation. The results demonstrate that membrane structural parameters, such as area per

Potentials and Challenges in Development of Vesicular Phospholipid Gel as a Novel Dermal Vehicle for Thymol.

Background/Objectives: Thymol, one of the main compounds of thyme essential oil, has shown promising effects in treating various skin disorders owing to its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidative activities. Due to its limited solubility in water, thymol is commonly used in higher concentrations to achieve a suitable therapeutic effect, which can consequently lead to skin irritation. To overcome these limitations, we incorporated thymol into a vesicular phospholipid gel (VPG), a novel semisolid dermal vehicle consisting of highly concentrated dispersion of phospholipid vesicles (li

From thrombosis to transplantation: The role of anti-phospholipid antibodies in liver disease management.

Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) have been linked to a spectrum of liver diseases, though their precise clinical significance is still debated. This review comprehensively examines the prevalence and implications of aPLs in chronic liver conditions, such as viral and autoimmune liver diseases, with a focus on vascular disorders and complications related to liver transplantation. Emphasis is placed on the association of aPLs with thrombotic events and graft dysfunction. Our synthesis draws on various studies that highlight the presence of aPLs in patients with viral hepatitis, autoimmune live

Оптимизация доставки каннабидиол: повышение растворимости и проницаемости воды посредством фосфолипидной комплексации.

Каннабидиол (КБР) продемонстрировал терапевтический потенциал в лечении эпилепсии, множественного склероза, болезни Альцгеймера, Паркинсона и Крона. Несмотря на ее многообещающие последствия и анальгетические, антивоспалительные и аксиолитические свойства, полный потенциал КБР сдерживается низкой растворимостью воды (0,7-10 мкг/мл), низкой проницаемостью и химической нестабильностью. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы повысить проницаемость кишечника (GI) в результате распада, стабильности и проницаемости кишечника КБР путем создания комплекса КБР-фосфолипид (CBD-PLC). Мы предположи

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… Phospholipid complexation (PLC) technology offers a promising drug delivery system for CBD, utilising phospholipids (PLs) to form lipid-compatible molecular aggregates. … Beyond developing the phospholipid complex, four commonly used phospholipids were systematically screened to identify the most suitable candidate, and a clear, standardized methodology was provided for incorporating phospholipid-based strategies to improve the solubility and permeability of other lipophilic …

Modulating Nonlinear Acoustic Response of Phospholipid-Coated Microbubbles with pH for Ultrasound Imaging.

Activatable microbubble contrast agents for contrast-enhanced ultrasound have a potential role for measuring physiologic and pathologic stat … tered in vivo. This pH-mediated activation is tunable based on the chemical structure and length of phospholipids composing the MB shell. It is also reliant on the presence of phosphate groups, as the use of lipids without phosphate instead of phospholipids completely abrogated this phenomenon. The increased harmonic signal likely is the result of increased MB …

Transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve for pregnancy with anti-phospholipid syndrome: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Perioperative management and cardiac surgery in pregnant women with anti-phospholipid syndrome combined with heart valve disease have been rarely reported. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a case of transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve replacement in a pregnant woman with bioprosthetic valve failure and anti-phospholipid syndrome at 18 weeks' gestation. The patient underwent a cesarean section delivery at 34 weeks of gestation, resulting in the birth of a healthy baby. CONCLUSIONS: Transapical mitral valve-in-valve surgery resulted in safe maternal and infant outcomes in a pregnant

Endoscopic features of low-phospholipid-associated cholelithiasis syndrome: A retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: LPAC (low phospholipid-associated cholelithiasis) syndrome is a rare genetic form of cholelithiasis. ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) is often used to remove gallstones in the bile duct. No published data is available on the role of ERCP in LPAC syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, we included patients diagnosed with LPAC syndrome in a single tertiary referral center between 2009 and 2021. Our aim was to assess the frequency, indications, modalities, results, and complications of ERCP, as well as predictive factors

Molecular determinants of phospholipid treatment to reduce intracellular cholesterol accumulation in NPC1 deficiency.

Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) disease, caused by mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2 genes, leads to abnormal intracellular cholesterol accumulation in late endosomes/lysosomes. Exogenous enrichment with lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA), also known as bis-monoacylglycerol phosphate, either directly or via the LBPA precursor phosphatidylglycerol (PG), has been investigated as a therapeutic intervention to reduce cholesterol accumulation in NPC disease. Here, we report the effects of stereoisomer configuration and acyl chain composition of LBPA on cholesterol clearance in NPC1-deficient cells. We find that

Spatial lipidomics reveals biased phospholipid remodeling in acute Pseudomonas lung infection.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) is a pathogen causing chronic pulmonary infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Manipulation of lipids is an important feature of Pa infection and on a tissue-level scale is poorly understood. Using a mouse model of acute Pa pulmonary infection, we explored the whole-lung phospholipid response using mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and spatial lipidomics. Using a histology-driven analysis, we isolated airways and parenchyma from both mock- and Pa-infected lungs and used systems biology tools to identify enriched metabolic pathways from the differential phos

Choroidal involvement in patients with catastrophic anti-phospholipid syndrome: Two case reports.

PURPOSE: To describe choroidal involvement in catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS). METHODS: We report here two cases of bilateral CAPS choroidopathy in two female patients. RESULTS: Case report 1: A thirty-five-year-old female patient, with history of primary anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS), treated with anticoagulants, presented an acute renal failure following a salpingectomy. She complained of bilateral acute blurred vision. Ophthalmologic evaluation revealed visual acuity (VA) of 5/10, extensive serous retinal (SRD) detachment, areas of hypofluorescence on fluorescein angiogra

Construction and evaluation of a phospholipid-based phase transition in situ gel system for brexpiprazole.

The objective of this study was to develop phospholipid-based injectable phase transition in situ gels (PTIGs) for the sustained release of Brexpiprazole (Brex). Phospholipid (Lipoid S100, S100) and stearic acid (SA) were used as the gel matrix which was dissolved in biocompatible solvent medium-chain triglyceride (MCT), N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), and ethanol to obtain PTIGs solution. The Brex PTIG showed a solution condition of low viscosity in vitro and was gelatinized in situ in vivo after subcutaneous injection. Both in vitro release assay and in vivo pharmacokinetics study in SD rats dis