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A Pilot, Multicentre Pragmatic Randomised Trial to Explore the Impact of Carer Skills Training on Carer and Patient Behaviours: Testing the Cognitive Interpersonal Model in Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa.

AIM: The aim of the study is to establish the acceptability, feasibility and approximate size of the effect of adding a carer intervention [Experienced Caregivers Helping Others (ECHO)] to treatment as usual (TAU) for adolescents with anorexia nervosa. METHODS: The study is a pilot randomised trial comparing TAU (n = 50) alone or TAU plus ECHO with (n = 50) or without (n = 49) telephone guidance. Effect sizes (ESs) were regression coefficients standardised by baseline standard deviations of measure. RESULTS: Although engagement with ECHO was poor (only 36% of carers in the ECHO group read ov

Feasibility and Preliminary Outcomes of Group-Based Cognitive Remediation and Emotion Skills Training (CREST) for Adult Women With Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa: A Pilot Pre-Post Study.

INTRODUCTION: Cognitive and emotional deficits are common in eating disorders (EDs), especially anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), and can hinder engagement and recovery. This pilot single-group pre-post study examined the feasibility and preliminary outcomes of group-based Cognitive Remediation and Emotion Skills Training (CREST) for adult women with AN/BN in a day care programme setting. METHODS: Fifty seven women enroled; 32 completed the 5-week, 10-session programme. Completers and non-completers were compared to identify predictors of adherence. Emotional functioning was ass

Treadmill perturbation-based balance training to prevent unrecovered falls in fall-prone older adults with and without cognitive impairment: protocol for the multi-center randomized controlled TRAIL study.

BACKGROUND: Approximately one-third of older adults fall each year, most often due to slips or trips. Fall incidence is even higher in those with cognitive impairment (CI). Among older adults who fall, about 50% are unable to get up without assistance. Such unrecovered falls are particularly critical, as they are linked to prolonged lying periods, an increased risk of medical complications, and mortality. As unrecovered falls require third-party assistance, they offer an opportunity to incorporate proxy information into fall reporting to reduce recall bias. Perturbation-based balance training

Effects of a group-based compassion microintervention compared to cognitive reappraisal training on cardiovascular, self-reported, and behavioral stress reactivity among young adults: A cluster randomized controlled trial.

Heightened stress reactivity, particularly heightened blood pressure (BP) reactivity, during emerging adulthood predicts future adverse cardiovascular health. Coping skill interventions for young adults may buffer against stress reactivity. This study tested the stress-buffering effects of a group-based 40-min compassion skills microintervention compared to a time-matched cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) skills control group. The compassion intervention included psychoeducation about compassion and a guided practice focused on cultivating compassion for a close other and for the self. The CBT

Эффективность транскраниальной электрической стимуляции в сочетании с двухзадачной подготовкой по вопросам инсульта, слабого когнитивного расстройства и болезни Паркинсона: систематический обзор и метаанализ случайных контролируемых испытаний.

АИМ: В рамках этого систематического обзора и метаанализа мы провели оценку эффективности транскраниальной непосредственной стимуляции тока (tDCS) и транскраниальной переменной тока (tACS) или транскраниальной случайной стимуляции шума (TRNS) в сочетании с двойной целевой подготовкой (DTT) по вопросам физических и когнитивных функций у взрослых с незначительными когнитивными нарушениями (MCI), болезнью Паркинсона (PD) и инсульта. МЕТОД: Мы провели систематический поиск баз данных сети " Web of Science " , " MedLINE " , " Cochrane Bibrary " , " PubMed " и

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… Combined walking and cognitive training enhances flexibility ( Peristeri et al., 2021 ) and self-care abilities ( Trombini-Souza et al., 2020 ), with both CMDT and motor dual-task (MDT) walking requiring greater attentional resources than single-task walking ( Hillel et al., 2019 ). … Can transcranial direct current stimulation combined with interactive computerized cognitive training boost cognition and gait performance in older adults with mild cognitive impairment? A randomized controlled trial . J. Neuroeng. …

Effects of High-Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) on the Functional Capacity, Frailty, and Physical Condition of Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Physical exercise has been established as an intervention in the integral approach for the physical, functional, and social health of older adults. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a high-intensity functional training (HIFT) program on the physical condition and functional capacity of an elderly Colombian population with mild cognitive impairment. This research corresponds to a blind randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 169 men and women aged over 65 years were evaluated and distributed in two groups: the experimental group that received a 12-week HIFT in

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Cognitive Training Induces Response Inhibition Facilitation Through Distinct Neural Responses According to the Stimulation Site: A Follow-up Event-Related Potentials Study.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether the mid-term impact (1 week posttraining) of a "combined cognitive rehabilitation (CRP)/transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) program" on the performance of a Go/No-go task was enhanced compared with isolated CRP and whether it varied according to the stimulation site (right inferior frontal gyrus [rIFG] vs right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [rDLPFC]). METHODS: A total of 150 healthy participants were assigned to (1) an Inhibition Training (IT) group, (2) a group receiving active tDCS over the rIFG in combination with IT (IT + IF), (3) a group rec

Effects of Supervised Early Resistance Training versus standard care on cognitive recovery following cardiac surgery via median sternotomy (the SEcReT study): protocol for a randomised controlled pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: Mild cognitive impairment is considered a precursor to dementia and significantly impacts upon quality of life. The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment is higher in the post-surgical cardiac population than in the general population, with older age and comorbidities further increasing the risk of cognitive decline. Exercise improves neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity and inflammatory and neurotrophic factor pathways, which may help to augment the effects of cognitive decline. However, the effects of resistance training on cognitive, functional and overall patient-reported reco

Testing the Efficacy of Combined Motivational Interviewing and Cognitive Behavioral Skills Training to Reduce Methamphetamine Use and Improve HIV Medication Adherence Among HIV-Positive Gay and Bisexual Men.

Prior research has identified subgroups of HIV-positive gay and bisexual men (GBM) based upon information, motivation, and behavioral skills (IMB) profiles related to HIV medication adherence and methamphetamine use. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of a combined motivational interview (MI) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention tailored specifically to the unique context of HIV-positive GBM, and tested whether IMB profiles moderated treatment effects. HIV-positive GBM (N = 210) were randomized to MI + CBT or an attention-matched education control. Both conditions result

Effect of eye-tracking-based attention training for patients with poststroke cognitive impairment: a study protocol for a prospective, single-blinded, single-centre, randomised controlled trial in China.

INTRODUCTION: Poststroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common dysfunction that places a great burden on patients who had stroke and their families. Approximately 46%-92% of stroke survivors experience some degree of attention problems after a stroke. Improving attention is considered the core of successfully improving cognitive function and reintegrating patients into daily life. Eye tracking technology provides real-time feedback and accurate monitoring of cognitive processing, and using this technology to introduce attention training may improve patient treatment outcomes. The main purpos

Training on Movement Figure-Ground Discrimination Remediates Low-Level Visual Timing Deficits in the Dorsal Stream, Improving High-Level Cognitive Functioning, Including Attention, Reading Fluency, and Working Memory.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether neurotraining to discriminate a moving test pattern relative to a stationary background, figure-ground discrimination, improves vision and cognitive functioning in dyslexics, as well as typically-developing normal students. We predict that improving the speed and sensitivity of figure-ground movement discrimination (PATH to Reading neurotraining) acts to remediate visual timing deficits in the dorsal stream, thereby improving processing speed, reading fluency, and the executive control functions of attention and working memory in both dyslexic

Feasibility and effect of an immersive virtual reality-based platform for cognitive training in real-life scenarios in patients with mood - or psychotic disorders: A randomized, controlled proof-of-concept study.

OBJECTIVES: Cognitive impairment is common across mood disorders (MD) and psychosis-spectrum disorders (PSD) but there is a lack of real-life pro-cognitive training programmes. Fully immersive virtual reality (VR) has the potential to ensure motivating, engaging cognition training directly relevant to patients' daily lives. This randomized, controlled proof-of-concept study investigated the feasibility and cognitive benefits of short-term VR-assisted training. METHODS: Forty patients with MD or PSD were randomized to one week of VR-assisted training (n ​= ​20) or treatment as usual (TAU; n ​=…

Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation in addition to visuomotor training on choice reaction time and cognition function in amateur soccer players (FAST trial): A randomized control trial.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in addition to visuomotor training (VMT) on choice reaction time (CRT) and cognitive function in amateur soccer players. DESIGN: Single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study. SETTING: Neuroscience and Motor Control Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty Brazilian male amateur soccer players, aged 18-30 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants were allocated to the intervention or control groups. Both gr

Cognitive task analysis-based education and expansion of pure laparoscopic donor hepatectomy for the next generation: a comparative study of surgical outcomes between expert and fellowship-trained surgeons.

BACKGROUND: The implementation of pure laparoscopic donor hepatectomy (PLDH) for adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation (ALDLT) has largely been confined to experts skilled in both liver transplantation and laparoscopic liver resection (LLR). There is insufficient evidence to support its wider adoption and the training of the next generation of surgeons. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive task analysis (CTA)-based training in developing technical skills and a professional mindset to enable fellowship-trained surgeons (FTSs) to perform PLDH for ALDLT and to c

The Effects of Combined Virtual Reality Exercises and Robot Assisted Gait Training on Cognitive Functions, Daily Living Activities, and Quality of Life in High Functioning Individuals With Subacute Stroke.

Stroke is a global health concern causing significant mortality. Survivors face physical, cognitive, and emotional challenges, affecting their life satisfaction and social participation. Robot-assisted gait training with virtual reality, like Lokomat, is a promising rehabilitation tool. We investigated its impact on cognitive status, activities of daily living, and quality of life in individuals with stroke. Between September 2022 and August 2023, we exposed 34 first stroke patients (8 women, 26 men; M age = 59.15, SD = 11.09; M height = 170.47, SD = 8.13 cm; M weight = 75.97; SD = 10.87 kg; M

Corrigendum: Training on Movement Figure-Ground Discrimination Remediates Low-Level Visual Timing Deficits in the Dorsal Stream, Improving High-Level Cognitive Functioning, Including Attention, Reading Fluency, and Working Memory.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00236.].

Effects of synergistic tongue and chin resistance training on swallowing function, oral intake, and cognitive function in community-dwelling elderly individuals with frailty: a double-blind randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Tongue strengthening exercises (TSE) and chin tuck against resistance (CTAR) improve swallowing function. However, previous findings are limited to post-stroke population, single-mode therapies, and immediate post-test assessment only, while evidence on effects of combined therapies in community-dwelling elderly individuals with frailty is unknown. Therefore, we explored effects of synergistic TSE and CTAR on swallowing function (tongue strength, swallowing pressure, tongue endurance, and lip strength), oral intake, and cognitive function. METHODS: A prospective three-arm parallel

The transcranial direct current stimulation over prefrontal cortex combined with the cognitive training reduced the cue-induced craving in female individuals with methamphetamine use disorder: A randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Craving and cognitive deficits are potential treatment targets for methamphetamine use disorder (MUD). Previous studies implied that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and cognitive training respectively improve these symptoms, but the combined effect is unknown. In this study, we investigated the combined effects of tDCS over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and computerized cognitive addiction therapy (CCAT) on cue-induced craving and cognitive functions among female individuals with MUD. METHODS: Seventy-five patients with MUD were randomly assigned to three g…

Diet, physical exercise and cognitive behavioral training as a combined workplace based intervention to reduce body weight and increase physical capacity in health care workers - a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Health care workers comprise a high-risk workgroup with respect to deterioration and early retirement. There is high prevalence of obesity and many of the workers are overweight. Together, these factors play a significant role in the health-related problems within this sector. The present study evaluates the effects of the first 3-months of a cluster randomized controlled lifestyle intervention among health care workers. The intervention addresses body weight, general health variables, physical capacity and musculoskeletal pain. METHODS: 98 female, overweight health care workers w

Surgical Multimedia Academic, Research and Training (S.M.A.R.T.) tool: a comparative analysis of cognitive efficiency for two multimedia learning interfaces that teach the pre-procedural processes for carpal tunnel release.

This study proposes a series of guidelines for designing multimedia educational interfaces that combine educational strategies with cognitive load theory. There is a large body of research that confirms multimedia education is at least as effective as the traditional approach, but there is no discussion regarding the effectiveness of the interface design. This trial compares two interfaces to determine which design techniques are most cognitively efficient for the learner.