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Mechanisms of Retinal Damage after Ocular Alkali Burns.

Alkali burns to the eye constitute a leading cause of worldwide blindness. In recent case series, corneal transplantation revealed unexpecte … eduction changes were restricted to the cornea and the anterior chamber, where they caused profound uveal inflammation and release of proinflammatory cytokines. The latter rapidly diffuse to the posterior segment, triggering retinal damage. Tumor necrosis factor-α was identified as a key proinflammatory mediator of retinal ganglion cell death. Blockade …

Ophthalmic Manifestations in Patients with Blood Malignancies.

Ocular complications can occur in up to 90% of patients with blood malignancies. Such complications range from direct infiltration to local hemostatic imbalance and treatment-related toxicity. This narrative review is based on a systematic computerized search of the literature conducted until January 2024 and examines the common ocular complications associated with blood cancers. Ocular complications from primary disease include mass effects from ocular adnexal lymphomas and intraocular lymphomas, with B-cell lymphomas accounting for 95% of primary ocular presentations. Secondary disease invol

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… As PVRL involves the posterior structures of the eye, very few cases of aggressive and indolent lymphomas affect the uvea, most commonly EMZLs involving the choroid, while even rarer cases have been reported of DLBCL affecting the iris [ 28 , 29 ]. … Most cases involve orbital lymphomas that extend directly into intraocular structures or non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) that spread to the eye through the bloodstream, affecting the uvea, ocular adnexa, orbit, lacrimal gland, and conjunctiva [ 64 ]. …

Uveal melanocytes express high constitutive levels of MMP-8 which can be upregulated by TNF-α via the MAPK pathway.

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 is the most potent MMP for degrading collagen type-1 and plays an important role in inflammatory reactions and tissue remolding processes. MMP-8 is expressed mainly by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and is not expressed constitutively by most non-leukocytes. We studied the constitutive and TNF-α-induced expression of MMP-8 in cultured human uveal melanocytes (UM) and the relevant signal pathways involved. Conditioned media and cells were collected from UM and other cell types. MMP-8 proteins and mRNA were measured using ELISA kit, western blot and real time RT-PC…

Topical administration of diminazene aceturate decreases inflammation in endotoxin-induced uveitis.

PURPOSE: Our previous study demonstrated that an intraperitoneal injection of Diminazene Aceturate (DIZE) attenuated uveitis by activating ocular angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects on the ocular anterior segment of a topical administration of a DIZE solution and explored the downstream target molecules involved in the anti-inflammatory mechanism after ACE2 activation. METHODS: Endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) in rats was induced by a subcutaneous injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 200 μg) in 0.1 ml of sterile saline. DIZE (0.025, 0.0

High mobility group box protein-1 in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis.

PURPOSE: To investigate whether high mobility group box protein (HMGB)-1, acting as a novel proinflammatory cytokine, is involved in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU). METHODS: HMGB-1 concentration was measured in aqueous humor, and serum was obtained from Lewis rats immunized with interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (IRBP) peptide (R14) and complete Freund adjuvant (CFA), rats immunized with CFA, and nontreated rats on day 14 after immunization. Immunofluorescence histochemistry was performed to examine the localization of HMGB-1 and the receptor for advanced glycation end

Prognostic impact of chromosomal aberrations and GNAQ, GNA11 and BAP1 mutations in uveal melanoma.

PURPOSE: To evaluate clinico-pathological and molecular prognostic factors in a well-defined series of posterior uveal melanoma (UM) with focus on chromosomal aberrations and mutations in the GNAQ, GNA11 and BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) genes. METHODS: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples were obtained from 50 consecutive eyes enucleated for UM between 1993 and 2005. The material was tested for loss of chromosome 3 and gain of chromosome 8q gene signatures by selective molecular gene markers using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), and for DNA muta…

Успешное долговременное лечение педиатрического релапсирующего идиопатического оптического нерита с Mycofonate Mofetil.

Фон: Педиатрический оптический неуриит (НН) является редким, но тяжелым заболеванием, характеризующимся острыми нарушениями зрения, при этом 3-5% случаев повторного защелки не имеют идентифицируемых маркеров сопутствующих заболеваний, таких, как нервно-оптическое расстройство спектра (NMOSD) или множественный склероз (MS); таким образом, эти случаи классифицируются как повторный идиопатический оптический неуриит (RION). Кортикостероиды, как правило, используются для острого лечения; однако их продолжительное применение в отношении детей сопряжено с серьезными рисками, включая ожирение в центре

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… There was no evidence of involvement beyond the optic nerve, including the uvea, sclera, cornea, conjunctiva, or chorioretina. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) demonstrated pronounced bilateral optic disc swelling, predominantly affecting the right eye. …

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 50 Captive Non-domestic Felids - Technique and Imaging Diagnoses.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the recognized gold standard for diagnostic imaging of the central nervous system in human and veterinary patients. Information on the use of this modality and possible imaging abnormalities in captive non-domestic felids is currently limited to individual case reports or small case series. This retrospective study provides information on technique and imaging findings in a cohort of cases undergoing MRI at an academic Veterinary Medical Center. The University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine MRI database was searched for non-domestic felids under

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… The dorsal post contrast T1-W GRE image with FatSat (“VIBE”) shows contrast enhancement of the right cornea and uvea (arrow) compared to the left. … The MRI examination did not show any abnormalities of the intracranial structures; however, contrast enhancement of the cornea and uvea was noted ( Figure 3E ). …

Ocular Manifestations in Hematological Disorders.

Background Ophthalmic manifestations are a common feature in hematological malignancies and may be divided into two groups: those attributable to the disease's infiltration of the eye, and the ocular consequences due to blood abnormalities. This study aims to determine the prevalence of ocular manifestations and their association with the different hematological disease subgroups. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective and observational study enrolling 137 consecutive patients on active treatment or follow-up for hematological malignancies from January 2016 to January 2020 at the C

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… Infiltrations of the orbit, conjunctiva, uvea, lacrimal sac, and lacrimal gland have been documented. Additional ocular signs included chorioretinopathy, neuro-ophthalmic abnormalities, corneal deposits, and opportunistic infections. …

Side Effects of Novel Anticancer Drugs on the Posterior Segment of the Eye: A Review of the Literature.

Currently, common treatment approaches for neoplastic diseases include surgery, radiation, and/or anticancer drugs (chemotherapy, hormone medications, and targeted therapies). In particular, anticancer medicines destroy cancerous cells by blocking certain pathways that aid in the disease's initiation and progression. These pharmaceutical drugs' capacity to inhibit malignant cells has made them indispensable in the treatment of neoplastic disorders. Nonetheless, considering their cyto- and neurotoxicity, as well as their inflammatory responses, these medications may also have unfavorable system

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… The words “ocular posterior segment”, “vitreous”, “choroid”, “uvea”, “optic nerve”, and “retina” were used in conjunction with a number of other “text words” pertaining to anticancer drugs (such as “epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors”, “fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitors”, “human epidermal … Inflammation related to immune checkpoints inhibitors, which affects around 1% of patients, can involve the orbit, extraocular muscles, cranial nerves, ocular surface, uvea, retina, and optic nerve [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. …

Keyword Index for Volume 91

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… tyrosine kinase 1735 tyrosine kinase inhibitor 1174, 1391 Tyrphostin AG1024 1735 UFT 613, 1758 UGT1A1 678 ulcerative colitis 1081 underexpression 732 uPAR 564 urban and rural area 1261 urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) 1308 uterine cervical cancer 466 utility 1893 UVC resistance 1669 uvea …

Ocular Manifestations Associated with Hematologic Malignancies: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Management.

Background: Hematologic malignancies (HMs), including leukemia and lymphoma, are systemic diseases that may cause a wide range of ocular manifestations. Methods: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE (2015-2026) and identified articles with an emphasis on clinically relevant studies and recent developments. Results: Clinically, ocular involvement presents with diverse manifestations, including retinal hemorrhage, vitreoretinal lymphoma, choroidal infiltration, orbital masses, treatment-related ocular toxicities, graft-versus-host disease, and secondary infectious complications. These findings may mimic o

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… Structures commonly involved include the retina, uvea, orbit, adnexa, and optic nerve. Clinically, ocular involvement may represent the initial presentation of leukemia or indicate disease recurrence. … Ocular involvement can affect multiple structures, including the vitreous, retina, uvea, orbit, and ocular adnexa. Based on anatomical location, ocular lymphoma is broadly classified into intraocular lymphoma and ocular adnexal lymphoma. …

Ocular effects caused by viral infections and corresponding vaccines: An overview of varicella zoster virus, measles virus, influenza viruses, hepatitis B virus, and SARS-CoV-2.

Many viral infections can affect vision and the visual system. Vaccination to prevent diseases is commonplace today, acting by stimulating an immune response without developing the pathology. It involves the production of persisting antibodies against the pathogen and the activation of T cells. Certain diseases have already been eradicated by rigorous vaccination campaigns, while others are hoped to be eliminated soon. Vaccines currently available on the market are largely safe, even if they can rarely cause some adverse effects, such as ocular complications. Analyzing existing literature, we

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… Eye complications mainly involve the posterior segment and the uvea. … Among the adverse events after receiving COVID-19 vaccines, ocular manifestations have been reported, occurring up to 42 days after vaccination and affecting eyelids, cornea and ocular surface, retina, uvea, nerve, and vessels. …

A prospective, multicenter, observational study of ixazomib plus lenalidomide-dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in Japan.

Real-world studies permit inclusion of a more diverse patient population and provide more information on the effectiveness of treatments used in routine clinical practice. This prospective, multicenter, observational study investigated the effectiveness and safety of ixazomib plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (IRd) in 295 patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) in routine clinical practice in Japan. Patients had a median age of 74 years, 80.0% were aged ≥ 65 years, 42.0% had received ≥ 3 lines of prior treatment, and 28.5% were "frail" according to the International Myeloma

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… Of these studies, seven are fully published [ 22 , 23 , 26 – 30 ]; the other studies have only interim data available (INSIGHT MM [ 31 ], UVEA-IXA [ 21 ], and REMIX [ 25 ]). … Kishore B, Ramasamy K, et al (2020) Effectiveness and safety of ixazomib-based therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients (pts) treated outside the clinical trial setting via an Early Access Program (EAP) in Europe: second interim analysis of the ‘Use Via Early Access to Ixazomib’ (UVEA-IXA …

Ixazomib-Lenalidomide-Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Replaped/ Refractory Multieloma: Венгерский анализ реального мира.

Справочная информация/задачи: Несмотря на терапевтические достижения, решение проблем, связанных с рецидивированием/изъятием множественных миеломы (RRMM), по-прежнему сопряжено с трудностями. Для пациентов со слабой, комординируемой, ограниченной мобильностью или в тех случаях, когда предпочтение лечения и доступность лекарств являются ключевыми факторами, всеоральный режим ixazomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (IRd) предлагает практическую альтернативу. Методы: Мы провели многоцентральное ретроспективное исследование пациентов RRMM, лечившихся IRd в Венгрии 1 Январь 2020 и 30 Июнь 2025. Результ

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… The INSURE study—an integrated analysis of three global observational datasets (INSIGHT MM, UVEA-IXA, and REMIX)—included 564 IRd-treated patients [ 18 ]. …

From post-war reconstruction to the twenty-first century - ophthalmic pathology in Freiburg 1945-2015. Part 2: review of 43,169 histological diagnoses from 39,256 specimens collected over 71 years at a large German tertiary eye care centre.

BACKGROUND: Ophthalmic pathology is essential for diagnosing ocular diseases, correlating clinical and histopathological findings, and advancing research. The Eye Center at the University of Freiburg, Germany, has archived histopathological specimens since 1945, offering a unique resource to analyse long-term diagnostic trends. This study examines 43,169 diagnoses from 39,256 specimens over 71 years (1945–2015), providing insights into the evolution of ophthalmic pathology at a major tertiary care centre. METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of all archived ophthalmic pathology repor

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… Less frequent regions included the lens ( n = 370; 0.86%), lacrimal duct ( n = 303; 0.70%), uvea ( n = 202; 0.51%), unspecified intraocular tissue ( n = 198; 0.46%), vitreous ( n = 178; 0.41%), non-ophthalmological locations ( n = 173; 0.40%), such as the nose and forehead. … Uvea Our database recorded 220 diagnoses of uveal samples, encompassing the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. Diagnoses from enucleated eyeballs are not included. The most common diagnoses, in terms of all excised uveal specimens, were normal iris and iris melanoma, each accounting for 17%. …

Ретроспективный анализ эффективности и безопасности комбинированного ixazomib, lenalidomide и дексаметазона в реанимированном/охотничьем миеломе: опыт северной Италии.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Ixazomib, lenalidomide и dexametasone (IRd) были утверждены для лечения повторной/хребетной множественной миеломы (RRMMM) на основе результатов TOURMALINE-MM1. ЦЕЛИ И МЕТОДЫ: Мы провели ретроспективный анализ 106 Пациенты IRM (п) лечатся с помощью IRD 21 - центры в Северной Италии с целью оценки эффективности и безопасности IRd в реальной жизни.Результаты: при инициировании IRD, 34% Доля ПТ в возрасте ≥75 (медленно) 72.5), 8.5% :: имели статус результативности работы ЭКОГ; ≥2, 54.7% [del17p и/или t]4;14) и/или t(14;16) и/или 1 g прибыль/ и], 60.2% были получены ≥2 :: предыдущая терап

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… Effectiveness and safety of IXAZOMIB‐based therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (mm) outside of a clinical trial: final analysis of the ‘use via early access to IXAZOMIB’ (uvea IXA) study. Blood. 2020;136(Supplement 1):42‐44. 11. Minarik J, Pika T, Radocha J, et al. …

Оценка продолжительного протеинового ингибирования с помощью перорального режима на основе ixazomib на недавно диагностированном и впервые возвращенном миеломе: исследование реальных китайских групп.

ЦЕЛЬ: Оценка эффективности, безопасности и удобства перехода в классе (ICT) от инъекционного инъекции на основе бортезомиба к пероральным режимам на основе ixazomib. МЕТОДЫ: Это ретроспективное исследование реального мира было проведено в 16 Китайские больницы в период с октября 2017 и апрель 2023 и проанализировали вновь диагностированные (NDMM) и перинатальные рецидивы нескольких пациентов миэломы (FRMM), которые получили по крайней мере частичный ответ от вводного индукционного лечения на основе бортезомиба, за которым последовал оральный режим на основе ixazomib 2 год или до развития болез

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… Effectiveness and safety of Ixazomib‐based therapy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients (pts) treated outside the clinical trial setting via an early access program (EAP) in Europe: second interim analysis of the ‘Use via early access to Ixazomib’ (UVEA‐IXA) study. …

Clinical Practice: A Proposed Standardized Ophthalmological Assessment for Patients with Cystinosis.

Cystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive disease with an incidence of approximately 1 case per 100,000-200,000 live births. Over the years, gaining in-depth knowledge of the disease has led to vast improvement in patient life expectancy. However, debilitating, extra-renal manifestations such as eye disease, in particular corneal crystal deposition and its associated photophobia, still occur frequently, regardless of patient age and notwithstanding the increased implementation of systemic therapy. Ophthalmological assessment has not yet been standardized. The aim of this article was to provide

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… Crystals have been reported to appear in the anterior chamber, in the uvea and optic nerve [ 20 , 21 ]. Awareness of symptoms caused by primary intracranial hypertension such as episodes of acute visual loss or optic nerve involvement is crucial. …

Ixazomib-lenalidomid-dexamethasone (IRd) в повторном рефракторе множественных миеломах (RRMM)-многоцентрах анализа реального мира из Германии и сравнительного обзора литературы.

С внедрением новых агентов (протеозных ингибиторов (ИП), иммуномодуляционных препаратов (ИМИД), иммунологии, иммунотерапевтии) результаты многочисленных пациентов миеломы (ММ) улучшились. Оральный PI ixazomib был разрешен в ЕС 11/2016 и указывается в сочетании с линалидомидом и дексаметазоном (IRd) для лечения пациентов с реанимированным/отверженным MM (RRMMM). Цель исследования состояла в том, чтобы определить типичную реальную популяцию пациентов RRMM в Германии, проходящих лечение с помощью IRd, и сравнить результаты с результатами предыдущих IRd когорт. Наше ретроспективное исследование вк

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… 17/36% and 32/30% due to AEs, respectively | Registry data, short FU and substantial dose reductions and stops, albeit IRd is usually well tolerable, possibly due to incomplete data and 13 countries being included for RWE | 6 | Leleu X | Future Oncol 2024 [ 18 ] | 3 observational studies (INSIGHT, UVEA …