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Physical and mental health impact of perimenopause, menopause and post menopause in a diverse global population (MARIE Project- Global Chapter WP 2a): cross-sectional quantitative data from a mixed-methods study.

BACKGROUND: Menopause is a major global health issue affecting cisgender women, transgender people, and gender-diverse populations, yet it remains under-recognised in research and policy, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. Rising life expectancy means that an increasing proportion of the world's population spends many years in peri-, menopausal or post-menopausal stages, often with significant physical and psychological symptoms. Despite this burden, evidence from diverse global settings is limited. METHODS: The MARIE WP2a project is a mixed-methods study that aimed to ex

Training the public health workforce for generative AI: validation of the Italian Chatbot Usability Questionnaire.

INTRODUCTION: Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly relevant for public health practice. However, scalable training models and validated usability instruments for AI chatbots are still limited in non-English contexts. We aimed to (i) assess AI knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among a sample of Italian public health professionals, and (ii) translate, culturally adapt, and psychometrically validate an Italian version of the Chatbot Usability Questionnaire (CUQ-IT) by applying it to a workshop-developed vaccination counseling chatbot. METHODS: We conducted a three-phase

Understanding Mobile Health and Youth Mental Health: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: A total of 75% of people with mental health disorders have an onset of illness between the ages of 12 and 24 years. Many in this age group report substantial obstacles to receiving quality youth-centered mental health care services. With the rapid development of technology and the recent COVID-19 pandemic, mobile health (mHealth) has presented new opportunities for youth mental health research, practice, and policy. OBJECTIVE: The research objectives were to (1) synthesize the current evidence supporting mHealth interventions for youths who experience mental health challenges and

Sociodemographic and Health Characteristics of Hispanic Veteran Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury and Its Association to Mortality: A Pilot Study.

INTRODUCTION: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is among the most common conditions in the military. VA Caribbean Healthcare System (VACHS) patients with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) have a higher mortality rate than Veterans in other VA health care systems in the United States. The main goal of this study was to develop sociodemographic profiles and outline health characteristics of Hispanic patients with TBI treated at the VA Caribbean Healthcare System in a search for potential explanations to account for the higher mortality rate. This study advocates for equity in health services provided for

Digital-Human Public Community Care Integration for Chronic Pain in Low-Income Older Adults in a 6-Week Living Lab Setting: Quasi-Experimental Feasibility Study.

BACKGROUND: Digital health technologies offer promising solutions for managing chronic pain and depression in older adults, yet low-income populations with limited digital literacy face substantial barriers to access. Community-based approaches that leverage existing care infrastructure may bridge this digital divide, but evidence remains limited on effective integration strategies for digitally excluded populations. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated a multimodal digital health monitoring platform for this underserved population through 6-week living lab trials with 86 low-income Korean older adults (4

Rapid Review of Gender-Affirming Healthcare for Children and Adolescents: Evidence Synthesis (2021-2025) and Recommendations for South Africa.

WHY WE NEED THIS RAPID REVIEW: In South Africa, transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) children and adolescents continue to navigate health systems shaped by deep inequalities, limited specialised services, and persistent stigma. Here at home, these young people too often move through environments marked by the legacies of apartheid, economic exclusion, uneven service delivery, and ongoing social prejudice. These layered forms of inequality shape how families, caregivers, teachers, and communities are able to support the young people they love.At the same time, international debates about gender

Neurocysticercosis in California: Clinical Characteristics and Associated Comorbidities Across the University of California Health System.

INTRODUCTION: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is an infection of the central nervous system caused by the tapeworm Taenia solium. Despite documented increases of NCC in California, large-scale studies characterizing affected populations remain limited. The spectrum of NCC associated neuropsychiatric comorbidities has not been well defined in U.S. populations. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of NCC within the University of California (UC) Health System, characterize the population demographic and clinical features, and identify factors associated with epilepsy among individuals with NCC.

Trust Dynamics and Equity in Public Health in Canada: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Project in the Postpandemic Era.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic impacted trust in public health, medical care, scientific, and governmental institutions; this influenced health, health-seeking behaviors, and adherence to public health measures. Understanding how trust evolves is necessary for informing future public health crisis management and strategies. Rebuilding public trust is key to pandemic preparedness worldwide. This research protocol examines these trust dynamics, their determinants, and their implications. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the evolution of public trust in scientists, public health and

Determinants of health literacy in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative studies (2001-2024).

BACKGROUND: Health literacy is a critical social determinant of health and a key lever for reducing health inequities. Understanding its determinants is essential for designing effective public health interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to synthesize quantitative evidence on the individual- and contextual-level determinants of health literacy among the Iranian population. METHODS: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Iranian databases (SID, Magiran) for observational and interventional studies published betw

Behavioral Determinants and Effectiveness of Digital Behavior Change Interventions for the Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV: Overview of Systematic Reviews.

BACKGROUND: Unsafe sexual practices remain a major contributor to global morbidity, premature mortality, and health care burden. More than 1 million people acquire a sexually transmitted infection (STI) daily, including HIV. Although biomedical innovations such as pre-exposure prophylaxis have expanded prevention options, consistent condom use and regular HIV and STI testing remain essential behavioral strategies. Adherence to these behaviors remains uneven, underscoring the need for complementary digital and behavioral approaches. Digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs), technology-base

Prevention Needs and Target Behavior Preferences in an App-Based Addiction Prevention Program for German Vocational School Students: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Vocational school students exhibit a high prevalence of addictive behaviors. Mobile phone-based prevention programs targeting multiple addictive behaviors and promoting life skills are promising. Tailoring intervention content to participants' preferences, such as allowing them to choose behavior modules, may increase engagement and efficacy. There is limited understanding of how personal characteristics relate to module choices. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the prevention needs of German vocational school students as well as their prevention preferences through self-determined

Acceptance and Commitment to Empowerment Intervention to Reduce HIV Stigma and Promote Community Resilience: Protocol for an Implementation Study.

BACKGROUND: Racialized immigrants are disproportionately impacted by HIV in Canada. In 2022, 69.5% of first-time HIV cases, where race and/or ethnicity was reported, were among racialized individuals: Indigenous (22.6%), Black (18.0%), Asian and Arab (16.3%), and Latinx (10.1%). HIV vulnerability in racialized communities is reinforced by HIV stigma intersecting with prejudice and discrimination associated with racism, gendered oppression, homophobia, and economic marginalization. Stigma and discrimination impede public health efforts in HIV prevention, testing, treatment, and care. OBJECTIVE

Vulnerable Patient Intensified Protocol to Reduce Readmission Disparities After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Design, Implementation, and Lessons Learned from a Quality Initiative.

GOAL: In 2024, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) introduced equity metrics for healthcare systems to document social determinants of health (SDOH). Payment determinations were also linked to readmission performance measures. Readmission prevention programs for vulnerable patients, defined by CMS as dually eligible (DE) for Medicare and Medicaid, racial/ethnic minorities, and those with disabling conditions, have the potential to reduce readmission disparities. Our goal was to develop a systematic and pragmatic approach to collect, analyze, and utilize SDOH and insurance status

Strategies to improve recruitment to randomised trials.

BACKGROUND: Recruiting participants to randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is challenging. Identifying effective recruitment strategies would benefit health research: poor recruitment leads to underpowered trials, reducing the reliability of findings and increasing the risk of wasted resources, ethical concerns, and trial failure. Evidence to inform recruitment strategies is increasingly generated through Studies Within A Trial (SWATs), which are methodological studies embedded within host RCTs. This is an update of a review last published in 2018. OBJECTIVES: Primary: to quantify the effects

Trends and inequalities in BCG immunisation coverage among one-year-olds in Sierra Leone, 2008-2019.

BACKGROUND: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination is a cornerstone of childhood immunisation programs, protecting against tuberculosis (TB), a major public health concern. Sierra Leone, a West African nation, faces challenges in achieving equitable and high BCG immunisation coverage. This study delves into the trends and inequalities in BCG coverage among one-year-old children in Sierra Leone between 2008 and 2019. METHODS: Three rounds of data from the Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Surveys (2008, 2013, and 2019) were used to analysed to examine the inequalities in BCG coverage. Si

Interventions to improve water quality and supply, sanitation and hygiene practices, and their effects on the nutritional status of children.

BACKGROUND: Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) interventions are frequently implemented to reduce infectious diseases, and may be linked to improved nutrition outcomes in children. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of interventions to improve water quality and supply (adequate quantity to maintain hygiene practices), provide adequate sanitation and promote handwashing with soap, on the nutritional status of children under the age of 18 years and to identify current research gaps. SEARCH METHODS: We searched 10 English-language (including MEDLINE and CENTRAL) and three Chinese-language dat

COVID-19 testing and reporting behaviours in England across different sociodemographic groups: a population-based study using testing data and data from community prevalence surveillance surveys.

BACKGROUND: Understanding underlying mechanisms of heterogeneity in test-seeking and reporting behaviour during an infectious disease outbreak can help to protect vulnerable populations and guide equity-driven interventions. The COVID-19 pandemic probably exerted different stresses on individuals in different sociodemographic groups and ensuring fair access to and usage of COVID-19 tests was a crucial element of England's testing programme. We aimed to investigate the relationship between sociodemographic factors and COVID-19 testing behaviours in England during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS

The UCL-Lancet Commission on Migration and Health: the health of a world on the move.

With one billion people on the move or having moved in 2018, migration is a global reality, which has also become a political lightning rod. Although estimates indicate that the majority of global migration occurs within low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), the most prominent dialogue focuses almost exclusively on migration from LMICs to high-income countries (HICs). Nowadays, populist discourse demonises the very same individuals who uphold economies, bolster social services, and contribute to health services in both origin and destination locations. Those in positions of political

Multidisciplinary collaborative guidance on the assessment and treatment of patients with Long COVID: A compendium statement.

BACKGROUND: In 2021, the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation established the Multi-Disciplinary Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Collaborative to provide guidance from established Long COVID clinics for the evaluation and management of Long COVID. The collaborative previously published eight Long COVID consensus guidance statements using a primarily symptom-based approach. However, Long COVID symptoms most often do not occur in isolation. AIMS: This compendium aims to equip clinicians with an efficient, up-to-date clinical resource for evaluating and managing a

The American Society of Hematology Health Equity Compendium: examining health equity across the Blood journals.

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… Gender equity analysis of nontrainee hemostasis and thrombosis recognition award recipients. Blood Advances. 2023;7(10):1991–1995. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008576. 58. Weyand A, McGann P. Eliminating race-based reference ranges in haematology: a call to action. …