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Bewitching the host: Striga disrupts host stomatal ABA signaling by impairing the tryptophan lock.

Parasitic plants of the Orobanchaceae family, particularly Striga hermonthica, rank among the world's most devastating agricultural weeds (Jamil et al., 2021). They inflict massive yield losses on staple cereal crops across Africa, including sorghum, millet, and rice, as well as globally on other essential crops such as maize, rapeseed, tomato, and legumes (Parker et al., 2009; Bouwmeester, 2018). These root parasites have evolved a specialized organ called the 'haustorium' that connects to the vascular system of the host to siphon water, minerals, and nutrients (Yang et al., 2015). A critical

Portal Vein Tryptophan Pathway Analysis Reveals Gut-Mediated Inflammatory Pathway Predominance in HCV Infection.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The tryptophan pathway is an integral component of the gut-liver axis; however, the role in hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) and liver disease progression remains poorly understood. This study investigated tryptophan metabolites in portal and peripheral serum during and after HCV, and their relationship to inflammatory and clinical markers. METHODS: HCV infected patients were evaluated during infection (HCVi, n = 24) and 6 months after sofosbuvir/velpatasvir mediated sustained virologic response (SVR, n = 19) (NCT02400216). Liver biopsies, portal and peripheral blood col…

Метаболизм триптофана в области диагностических и внегигиенических заболеваний: механизмы, клинические последствия и терапевтические перспективы.

Метаболизм триптофана (Trp) лежит на пересечении питания, микробиотики кишечника, мукосовой иммунологии и системных процессов воспаления, которые играют ключевую роль во многих желудочно-кишечных и внекишечных заболеваниях. Трап представляет собой важнейшую аминокислоту, получаемую с помощью рациона питания. Помимо своей роли в синтезе белка, он метаболизируется по трем основным направлениям: кинуреньиновый путь, серотонин/мелатонин, и микробный метаболизм в кишечнике, ведущий к индолу и связанным с ним производным. Кинуренинский путь представляет собой основной путь деградации Trp и тесно свя

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism lies at the intersection of nutrition, gut microbiota, mucosal immunology, and systemic inflammation-processes that play key roles in many gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Trp is an essential amino acid obtained through dietary intake. Beyond its role in protein synthesis, it is metabolized through three principal pa…

Theabrownin Alleviates Alcoholic Liver Disease in Mice by Improving Gut Microbiota and Tryptophan Metabolism.

Theabrownin (TB) is a bioactive compound derived from tea. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), caused by chronic alcohol consumption, leads to pr … at TB notably increased the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila, which was associated with altered tryptophan metabolism and activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway. These changes contributed to the overall protective effect of TB against alcohol-induced toxicity. TB exhibits nutritionally relevant hepatoprotective effects throug …

A tryptophan metabolism-related gene signature predicts prognosis and immune features in cutaneous melanoma.

INTRODUCTION: Tryptophan metabolism is known to affect tumor immunity. However, the value of tryptophan metabolism-related genes (TMRGs) in predicting prognosis and reflecting immune status in skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is not yet clear. METHODS: We analyzed transcriptomic and clinical data of 457 patients with SKCM to elucidate the expression patterns of TMRGs and their links with survival and the tumor immune microenvironment. Unsupervised clustering and Cox regression were used to identify prognostic genes and build a TMRG-based risk model, which was then tested in independent cohorts.…

Mucin degradation by Akkermansia muciniphila promotes Alistipes-dependent tryptophan metabolism and Th17-driven autoimmunity.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system associated with alterations in gut commensals, including Akk … +CD4+ and IL-17A+CD4+ T cells in spinal cord. Mechanistically, A. muciniphila colonization enhanced tryptophan metabolism and elevated levels of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists, including indole derivatives, during EAE. Although A. muciniphila does not directly metabolize tryptophan, it promotes expansion of tryptophan-utilizing bacterium Alistipes …

Elevated brain manganese induces motor disease by upregulating the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism.

Elevated brain levels of the essential metals manganese (Mn), copper, or iron induce motor disease. However, mechanisms of metal-induced mot … xpression of metabolic pathways in the brain and liver. Notably, genes in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism, which produces neuroactive metabolites that impact neurological function, were up-regulated by Mn. Subsequent unbiased metabolomics revealed that Mn treatment altered kynurenine pathway metabolites in the brain and liver. Functional expe …

Inhalation of the Novel Tryptophan Hydroxylase 1 Inhibitor TPT-004 Alleviates Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Inhaled pharmacotherapies are promising treatment options for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), as they minimize extrapulmonary adverse effects. Recently, we developed a highly specific tryptophan hydroxylase 1 inhibitor (TPHi): TPT-004. We hypothesized that repetitive nose-only inhalation of TPT-004 alleviates PAH and pulmonary vascular remodeling in the Sugen 5416/hypoxia (SuHx) rat model. Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: ConNx (control animals kept in room air during the study); SuHx+vehicle (rats injected with the VEGFR2 inhibitor SU5416 and then …

Analysis of Tryptophan Metabolic Profile Characteristics and Clinical Value in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients.

BACKGROUND: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the primary subtype of thyroid cancer. Timely diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving prognosis and survival. However, the effectiveness of existing serum markers is limited, necessitating the discovery of new biomarkers. METHODS: This study utilized liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to analyze tryptophan metabolic profiles in serum samples from 105 DTC patients and 50 healthy controls. Independent predictors of DTC were identified through univariate intergroup comparisons and multivariate logistic regression analysi…

Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM17938 Attenuates Neuroinflammatory Responses After Spinal Cord Injury by Modulating Tryptophan Metabolism.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts gut flora and exacerbates neuroinflammation. Evidence supports the important role of the intestinal microb … cord pathology and enhanced locomotor functional recovery in SCI-model rats. Moreover, it modulated tryptophan metabolism by promoting indole-3-carboxaldehyde production. In addition, L. reuteri DSM17938 inhibits polarization of M1 microglia and reduces the production of IL-6, IL-1 β, and TNF-α in spinal cord injury to alleviate neuroinflammation. It also ac …

Fucoidan attenuates age-related skeletal muscle atrophy via gut microbiota-dependent tryptophan metabolic Remodeling.

BACKGROUND: Age-related skeletal muscle atrophy poses significant health challenges in the elderly. The gut-muscle axis has emerged as a cri … on, and in vitro human fecal fermentation were integrated to validate gut microbiota dependency and tryptophan metabolism. RESULTS: Fucoidan supplementation significantly improved muscle mass, fiber size, and glycogen storage, downregulated atrophy markers (Fbx32/MuRF1), and upregulated the myogenic factor MyoD1. These effects were gut microbiota-dependent, …

Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Serum Tryptophan as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using metabolomics approaches … with AUC values of 0.99 and 0.96 for training and test datasets, respectively. Two key metabolites, tryptophan and beta-alanine, showed significantly decreased levels in SLE patients compared to healthy controls (both p<0.05), while exhibiting opposite patterns in other autoimmune diseases. In the mouse model, tryptophan supplementation improved renal histol …

Targeted LC-MS/MS metabolomics reveals distinctive tryptophan pathway signatures in pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is a high-mortality fungal infectious disease, and the changes in tryptophan metabolism and its diagnostic value in PJP remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the specific tryptophan metabolic profile in PJP patients by establishing and validating an LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of tryptophan and its nine key metabolites in human serum. Serum samples from 46 PJP patients, 35 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients and 40 healthy controls were analyzed. The method achieved complete chromatographic separation within 5.5 min, with…

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Repairs Radiation Enteritis Through Modulating the Gut Microbiota-Mediated Tryptophan Metabolism.

Radiation enteritis is a common complication of abdominal and pelvic radiotherapy. Several previous studies showed that fecal microbiota tra … stored by FMT. Fecal metabolomics analysis revealed that FMT modulated metabolic dysregulation. Two tryptophan pathway metabolites, indole-3-acetaldehyde and N-Acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine were decreased after irradiation, whereas these metabolites showed a pronounced recovery in mice receiving FMT. Proteomics analysis of small intestine indicated that radiati …

Tryptophan intrinsic fluorescence from wound healing correlates with re-epithelialization in a rabbit model.

BACKGROUND: Wound healing monitoring and timely decision-making are critical for wound classification. Tryptophan (Tr) intrinsic fluorescence, detected at 295/340 nm, provides a noninvasive approach for wound assessment. Our previous work demonstrated that this autofluorescence is associated with keratinocytes in a highly proliferative state in vitro. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the correlation between Tr fluorescence and key wound healing parameters, including re-epithelialization, fibrosis, neovascularization, and acute and chronic inflammation, using a rabbit model. METHODS: Seven rabbits …

Tryptophan regulates food intake in growing pigs by modulating hypothalamic AMPK-mTOR signalling pathway.

Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid acting as a key nutrition factor regulating animal growth and development. But how Trp modulates food intake in pigs is still not well known. Here, we investigated the effect of dietary supplementation of Trp with different levels on food intake of growing pigs. The data showed that dietary Trp supplementation with the standardised ileal digestibility (SID) Trp to lysine (Lys) ratio at both 0·18 and 0·20 significantly increased the food intake by activating the expression of orexigenic gene agouti-related peptide (AgRP) and inhibiting the expression …

Vinegar-processed Schisandra Chinensis enhanced therapeutic effects on colitis-induced depression through tryptophan metabolism.

BACKGROUND: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by its incurable nature and undefined etiology, which is … cigallinarius, with VSC showing more pronounced effects. Serum metabolomics revealed an increase in tryptophan levels and a decrease in kynurenine and xanthurenic acid levels with VSC, indicating that tryptophan metabolism shifted from the kynurenine pathway to the 5-HT or indole pathway. However, this phenomenon did not occur with Schisandra Chinensis (SC). …

The Correlation Between Essential Amino Acid Tryptophan, Lysine, Phenylalanine and Chemotherapy of Breast Cancer.

To investigate the differences in serum tryptophan, lysine, and phenylalanine levels in breast cancer patients, the correlation between the three amino acids with the chemotherapy regimen, and their significance in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.Clinical data were collected from the Department of Breast Surgery at Yunnan Cancer Hospital, encompassing 216 cases from July to December 2020, including 91 healthy individuals, 38 with benign tumors, and 87 with cancer. Amino acid levels were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Statistical analyses, s…

Gut microbially produced tryptophan metabolite melatonin ameliorates osteoporosis via modulating SCFA and TMAO metabolism.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a severe global health issue that has significant implications for productivity and human lifespan. Gut microbiota dysb … s of gut microbiota-derived MLT in OP remain unclear. Here, we found that OP resulted in intestinal tryptophan disorder and decreased the production of gut microbiota-derived MLT, while administration with MLT could mitigate OP-related clinical symptoms and reverse gut microbiota dysbiosis, including the diversity of intestinal microbiota, the relative abund …