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Clinical and hormonal aspects of pancreatic diabetes.

The prevalence of diabetes due to chronic pancreatitis would appear to be increasing. In western countries this is associated with the known … ients are potential diabetics. The beta cells appear to respond better to oral glucose, glucagon or secretin than to i.v. glucose suggesting a selective glucose receptor loss or block to hyperglycemia in chronic pancreatitis. The alpha cells seem to be more resistant to the effects of chronic pancreatitis but true hypoglucagonemia was found in 16% of patie …

Prostaglandin E2 as a Mechanistic Biomarker of Chronic Pancreatitis.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a disease associated with chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and pain. There is a lack of tools available that facilitate early diagnosis, when intervention could prevent irreversible damage. Pilot data suggested prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as a candidate biomarker for early CP. PGE2 activates signaling pathways that promote inflammation, pain, and fibrosis. METHODS: We assessed PGE2, metabolites, and downstream targets in pancreatic fluid collected endoscopically 0-10 (n = 110) and 10-20 (n = 111) minutes after intravenous secretin administration. PGE2 and…

Oral Indomethacin for Chronic Pancreatitis: Results From the PAIR Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) remains difficult to manage with few treatment options. Prior studies have implicated prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) in mediating chronic inflammation in the pancreas. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme inhibitor, would reduce PGE 2 levels in CP. METHODS: In this pilot multicenter randomized controlled trial, participants with CP received oral indomethacin (50 mg) or placebo twice daily for 28 days. Measurement of PGE 2 levels in pancreatic fluid collected endoscopically after secretin administration at baseline …

Establishment of simple pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma identification method: S100P measurement in duodenal fluid obtained during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Establishing an effective screening method for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is important. This study re-eval … eatography at 10 Japanese institutions in Study 1 versus three in Study 2. DF was collected without secretin stimulation, and S100P concentrations were measured. Study 1 identified two potential factors that significantly affected the S100P levels; thus, the sample collection protocol for Study 2 eliminated them. RESULTS: S100P levels differed significant …

Putative genes coding for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide and immunohistochemical localization of their mature peptides in the brain-pituitary axis of the inshore hagfish Eptatretus burgeri.

Hagfish and lampreys, which are both members of the class Agnatha, are widely considered to represent one of the most basal evolutionary lineages of vertebrates. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) are both members of the secretin/PACAP family. We searched the Ensembl database for putative PACAP and GHRH sequences in the inshore hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri. We identified three putative GHRH/PACAP precursors (hagfish-1/2/3) whose expression in various tissues, including the brain, was confirmed using RNA sequencing. The hagfish-…

Pro-inflammatory cytokines stimulate CFTR-dependent anion secretion in pancreatic ductal epithelium.

BACKGROUND: Loss of CFTR-dependent anion and fluid secretion in the ducts of the exocrine pancreas is thought to contribute to the developme … ns 1, demonstrated that organoid-derived cells formed a highly polarized epithelium. Stimulation by secretin or VIP triggered CFTR-dependent anion secretion across epithelial monolayers, whereas purinergic receptor stimulation by UTP, elicited CFTR-independent anion secretion. Most of the anion secretory response was attributable to bicarbonate transport. …

An 8q24 Gain in Pancreatic Juice Is a Candidate Biomarker for the Detection of Pancreatic Cancer.

Secretin-stimulated pancreatic juice (PJ), collected from the duodenum, presents a valuable biomarker source for the (earlier) detection of pancreatic cancer (PC). Here, we evaluate the feasibility and performance of shallow sequencing to detect copy number variations (CNVs) in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from PJ for PC detection. First, we confirmed the feasibility of shallow sequencing in PJ (n = 4), matched plasma (n = 3) and tissue samples (n = 4, microarray). Subsequently, shallow sequencing was performed on cfDNA from PJ of 26 cases (25 sporadic PC, 1 high-grade dysplasia) and 19 controls with…

The Screening of the Protective Antigens of Aeromonas hydrophila Using the Reverse Vaccinology Approach: Potential Candidates for Subunit Vaccine Development.

The threat of bacterial septicemia caused by Aeromonas hydrophila infection to aquaculture growth can be prevented through vaccination, but … es, which could be selected as candidate antigens for vaccines development, including type IV pilus secretin PilQ (AJE35401.1) and TolC family outer membrane protein (AJE35877.1). The present study screened the conserved antigens of A. hydrophila by using reverse vaccinology, which provided basic foundations for developing broad-spectrum protective vaccine …

Множество аспектов CD26/Depepedidil peptidase 4 и его ингибиторы в расстройствах CNS - критический обзор.

Дипептидил пептидас 4 Это серин протеза, которая клиняет X-пролину или X-аланин в предпоследнем положении. Природные субстраты фермента - глюкагоны. peptide-1, глюкагон, ингибирующий пептид, глукагон, нейропептид Y, секретин, вещество Р, гипофизовый аденилат, активирующий полипептид, эндорфины, эндоморфины, натриуретический пептид мозга, бета-меланоцит, стимулирующий гормоны и амилоидные пептиды, а также некоторые цитокины и хемокины. Энзим занимается поддержанием глюкозы гомеостаза крови и регулированием иммунной системы. Она проявляется во многих органах, включая мозг. Деятельность DPP4 може

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is a serine protease that cleaves X-proline or X-alanine in the penultimate position. Natural substrates of the enzyme are glucagon-like peptide-1, glucagon inhibiting peptide, glucagon, neuropeptide Y, secretin, substance P, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide, endorphins, endomorphins, brain natriuretic peptide, beta-m…

Acute disruption of glucagon secretion or action does not improve glucose tolerance in an insulin-deficient mouse model of diabetes.

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Normal glucose metabolism depends on pancreatic secretion of insulin and glucagon. The bihormonal hypothesis states that while lack of insulin leads to glucose underutilisation, glucagon excess is the principal factor in diabetic glucose overproduction. A recent study reported that streptozotocin-treated glucagon receptor knockout mice have normal glucose tolerance. We investigated the impact of acute disruption of glucagon secretin or action in a mouse model of severe diabetes by three different approaches: (1) alpha cell elimination; (2) glucagon immunoneutralisation; and (3…

Corticosteroids correct aberrant CFTR localization in the duct and regenerate acinar cells in autoimmune pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Corticosteroids are now widely accepted as a treatment for autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). However, the molecular mechanism by which steroid treatment improves AIP remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate cellular mechanisms by which corticosteroids improve both pancreatic exocrine function and histopathology in AIP. METHODS: Pancreatic exocrine function was evaluated by the secretin-stimulated function test and pancreatic biopsy specimens were processed for histologic analysis at the time of diagnosis and 3 months after initiation of steroid treatment…

Renoprotection by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide in multiple myeloma and other kidney diseases.

Renal involvement in patients with multiple myeloma complicates their treatment and shortens their life-span. The main renal lesion is a tub … tested the concept that pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a member of the secretin/vasoactive intestinal peptide family, could prevent the development of cast nephropathies. PACAP38 inhibited myeloma light chain-induced proinflammatory cytokine expression with greater potency than dexamethasone, and attenuated the resulting cell d …

Pitfalls of MRCP in the diagnosis of pancreaticobiliary maljunction.

CONTEXT: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is useful for examining the pancreatic duct system in patients with acute pancre … there is a possibility for false-positive indications of pancreaticobiliary maljunction. MRCP with secretin stimulation or ERCP should be performed in such cases.

Autism, an extreme challenge to integrative medicine. Part 2: medical management.

Autism and allied autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) present myriad behavioral, clinical, and biochemical abnormalities. Parental participati … folic acid; the minerals calcium and zinc; cod liver oil; and digestive enzymes, all offer benefit. Secretin, a triggering factor for digestion, is presently under investigation. Immune therapies (pentoxifyllin, intravenous immunoglobulin, transfer factor, and colostrum) benefit selected cases. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids offer great promise. Current ph …