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Social control correlates of arrest behavior among homeless youth in five U.S. cities.

This study identified homelessness, substance use, employment, and mental health correlates of homeless youths' arrest activity in 5 cities. Two hundred thirty-eight street youth from Los Angeles, Austin, Denver, New Orleans, and St. Louis were recruited using comparable sampling strategies. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression results reveal that being arrested for criminal activity is associated with length of homelessness, history of juvenile detention and incarceration, receiving income from theft, substance abuse, and mental illness. Arrests are also associated with interactions betwee

The relationship between vulnerable attachment style, psychopathology, drug abuse, and retention in treatment among methadone maintenance treatment patients.

The relationship between vulnerable attachment style, psychopathology, drug abuse, and retention in treatment among patients in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) was examined by the Vulnerable Attachment Style Questionnaire (VASQ), the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), and drug abuse urine tests. After six years, retention in treatment and repeated urine test results were studied. Patients with vulnerable attachment style (a high VASQ score) had higher rates of drug abuse and higher psychopathology levels compared to patients with secure attachment style, especially on the interpersonal sensi

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab for prevention and treatment of COVID-19: a review.

INTRODUCTION: There is a need to protect vulnerable individuals who do not respond to vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome … The ability of tixagevimab/cilgavimab to neutralize Omicron subvariants, the appropriate dosage in vulnerable populations, and the impact of prior vaccination on tixagevimab/cilgavimab effectiveness are also discussed. EXPERT OPINION: The tixagevimab/cilgavimab combination is important in providing protection in people who either cannot have a full vaccination or resp …

Assessing healthcare payment reforms' effects on economic inequities and catastrophic expenditures among cancer patients in ethnic minority regions of China.

BACKGROUND: Ethnic minority groups are particularly vulnerable to healthcare inequities, with catastrophic medical expenditures often pushin … essons from China that may guide governments worldwide in mitigating healthcare inequities faced by vulnerable populations.

The prevalence of household air conditioning in Canada.

BACKGROUND: Household air conditioning is one of the most effective approaches for reducing the health impacts of heat exposure; however, few studies have measured the prevalence of household air conditioning in Canada. DATA AND METHODS: Data were obtained from the 2017 Canadian Community Health Survey and the 2017 Households and the Environment Survey. Statistics Canada linked the survey respondents and created survey weights. Four heat-vulnerable populations were defined: older adults, older adults living alone, older adults with at least one health condition associated with reduced thermor…

A mathematical modeling approach to measure the probability of HIV-1 transmission for different high-risk groups of Pakistan.

INTRODUCTION: Since 2010, the number of new HIV-1 cases has declined by 30% globally, however, in few countries, such as Pakistan, the cases have continued to increase, where the country witnessed a 57% increase in the number of new infections between 2010 and 2020. The HIV-1 epidemic in Pakistan is concentrated in certain high-risk groups, however, it is unknown which high-risk group has a higher likelihood of transmitting HIV-1 infections to vulnerable populations. This study aimed to apply mathematical probabilistic modeling to estimate the probability of HIV-1 transmission for different hi…

Dendritic reorganisation in the basal forebrain under degenerative conditions and its defects in Alzheimer's disease. III. The basal forebrain compared with other subcortical areas.

The distribution of the reticular neuronal type in the human brain and its involvement in both degeneration and dendritic reorganisation under the conditions of ageing, Korsakoff's disease (KD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) was comparatively investigated after Golgi impregnation. Reticular neurones are distributed throughout different areas along the brain axis. The cholinergic basal forebrain nuclei, i.e., the basal nucleus of Meynert, the nucleus of the diagonal band, and the medial septal nucleus form the most rostral part of this network of "open nuclei," which is

Quantifying the Risk of Technology-Driven Health Disparities in Radiation Oncology.

PURPOSE: New technologies are continuously emerging in radiation oncology. Inherent technological limitations can result in health care disp … c. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed methodology may simplify the evaluation of how new technology impacts vulnerable populations, help clinics quantify the limitations of their technological resources, and plan appropriate interventions to improve equity in radiation treatments.

Stillbirth and Congenital Syphilis: Autopsy and Placental Findings of 11 Cases and Review of the Literature.

Syphilis is a preventable and treatable disease, which continues to strike low-income countries and vulnerable populations in high-income countries. It is caused by T pallidum, a spirochete capable of traversing the placental barrier, with a high rate of fetal and placental infection. Congenital syphilis (CoS) has poor prognosis if left untreated. Autopsy and placental evaluation are important tools to diagnose this disease in the obstetric scenario, to reveal the correct cause of demise and prevent complications in future pregnancies. We describe the histologic findings of eleven feto-placent…

Spatial Distribution and Trends of Waterborne Diseases in Tashkent Province.

INTRODUCTION: The cumulative effect of limited investment in public water systems, inadequate public health infrastructure, and gaps in infectious disease prevention increased the incidence of waterborne diseases in Uzbekistan. The objectives of this study were: (1) to spatially analyze the distribution of the diseases in Tashkent Province, (2) to identify the intensity of spatial trends in the province, (3) to identify urban-rural characteristics of the disease distribution, and (4) to identify the differences in disease incidence between pediatric and adult populations of the province. METH

Practical templates for digital health ethics applications in Sweden: lessons from a sensor-based monitoring study.

Obtaining ethical approval for digital health research involving vulnerable populations presents significant challenges for researchers, particularly when navigating complex regulatory frameworks like Sweden's ethical review system. Despite official guidelines, researchers often struggle to translate general principles into concrete application documents that satisfy review authorities. This paper presents practical, reusable templates developed through the successful preparation of an ethics application for a radar-based monitoring study of older adults in Sweden. The application, involving c…

Differential neuronal vulnerability to C9orf72 repeat expansion driven by Xbp1-induced endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation.

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the localized loss of neurons. Why cell death is triggered only in specific neuronal populations and whether it is the response to toxic insults or the initial cellular state that determines their vulnerability is unknown. To understand individual cell responses to disease, we profiled their transcriptional signatures throughout disease development in a Drosophila model of C9orf72 (G4C2) repeat expansion (C9), the most common genetic cause of frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We identified neuronal populations specificall

PROTOCOL: Co-Responding Police-Mental Health Programs and the Impact on Justice and Social Service Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows. The current review will provide criminal justice and p … those experiencing homelessness, drug and/or alcohol addiction, or mental health crises (hereafter "vulnerable populations")? (2) Do co-responder police-mental health programs improve social service outcomes among vulnerable populations? (3) Do the effects of co-responder police-mental health programs vary by the following factors: study research design, geographical lo …

Роль вакцинации пациентов с вирусом обезьяноксина человека и его сердечно-сосудистыми проявлениями.

Человеческая обезьяна, вызванная вирусом обезьяноксина (MPXV), представляет собой новое инфекционное заболевание, способное к передаче вируса от человека к человеку и различным клиническим представлениям. Хотя, как правило, она считается мягче оспы, она может привести к серьезным сердечно - сосудистым осложнениям. Вирус распространяется главным образом через контакт с инфицированными животными или через передачу вируса от человека к человеку. Сердечно-сосудистое участие в обезьяньей обезьяне редкое, но связано с миокардитом, перикардитом, аритмией аритмий и даже миокардным инфарктом. Вакцинаци

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Human monkeypox, caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), is an emerging infectious disease with the potential for human-to-human transmission … against this emerging infectious threat. The global impact of monkeypox outbreaks, particularly on vulnerable populations, further highlights the importance of understanding and addressing this disease.

"She Showed Me How to Help Myself": A Qualitative Study of Health Coaching for Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

OBJECTIVE: To explore attitudes and beliefs about the role of health coaching for vulnerable populations, including people experiencing substance use or homelessness. METHODS: From May-July 2016, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with patients, primary care clinicians, pulmonary specialists, and health coaches participating in a study of health coaching for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We developed a codebook and applied it in Atlas.ti, generating themes for frequently occurring codes. RESULTS: All stakeholder groups (n=20 patients, 11 primary care clinicia…

Bilateral proptosis in a child with vitamin C deficiency.

Scurvy is one of the oldest diseases known to mankind, caused by vitamin C deficiency. Nowadays it exists primarily in certain vulnerable populations such as patients with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Proptosis due to orbital haemorrhage is a rare complication of scurvy. Here we describe a case of diaplegic cerebral palsy presented with sudden onset of bilateral proptosis and swollen and tender knee joints. Subsequent computed tomography of the orbit revealed hematoma in the superior aspect of both orbits in the extraconal position. X-ray of the knee joints revealed bony changes consistent…

COVID-19 Booster Vaccine Equity for Patients With Cancer.

COVID-19 has caused greater than 300 million documented infections worldwide including over 5 million confirmed deaths. Patients with cancer are particularly vulnerable due to a combination of disease and therapy-related effects. Available vaccines were highly effective against the original viral strains in clinical trials. However, initial vaccination efforts in this vulnerable population were impacted by federal policy that created substantial vaccine scarcity and allocation difficulties by recommending prioritization of unmanageably large patient populations including the entire elderly pop

AIDS in Latin America: assessing the current status of the epidemic and the ongoing response.

BACKGROUND: This article provides a summary of the current status of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Latin America, as well as an outline of the di … lations. The Andean Countries have urban epidemics concentrated among MSM. In Peru, non-traditional vulnerable populations were identified. In the Southern Cone heterosexual transmission became more relevant, probably in connection with IDU epidemics and is increasingly affecting lower income groups. Incidence rates have been declining since 2002 in Brazil, the first co …

Influenza and Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Utilisation in Vulnerable Urban Youth in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

INTRODUCTION: This project explores influenza and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine utilisation among a multi-ethnic group of youth (aged 11-23 years) in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. METHOD: Using a cross-sectional design and purposive sampling, influenza vaccine utilisation over 3 years was assessed via questionnaire. Female participants also reported on HPV vaccine utilisation. Multinomial logistic regression was used to explore the factors associated with vaccine utilisation. RESULTS: In the project sample, 16.7% of males and 14.7% of females had received the influenza vaccine each year. T

Reasons for Accepting and Declining Free HIV Testing and Counseling Among Young African American Women Living in Disadvantaged Southern Urban Communities.

Advancing HIV prevention and treatment among at-risk Southern communities of color requires understanding why voluntary HIV testing is accepted or declined. Reasons for testing decisions were investigated among young African American women (n = 223, mean age = 20.4 years) recruited from disadvantaged areas in a Southern US city. A free HIV test was offered following field interviews that assessed HIV risk behaviors and personal and social network characteristics; 69.1% accepted testing, and all were seronegative. After their decision, participants rated reasons for their choice, which were fac