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Immune-adaptive pathogen variation reveals targetable mediators of gram-positive bacterial killing in macrophages.

Host-directed therapies for bacterial infections can provide an adjunct or alternative to conventional antimicrobials, mitigating the impact … tors against pneumococci and related gram-positive pathogens. Last, we repurposed the antihistamine clemastine to augment phagolysosomal bacterial killing, via P2RX7, as a candidate host-directed therapy against pneumococci and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. Overall, we show that pathogen-centric host screening can aid identification of microbici …

Anaphylaxis associated with Tisseel fibrin sealant during re-resection of a craniopharyngioma: illustrative case.

BACKGROUND: Tisseel is a widely used fibrin sealant often used in cranial surgery to control bleeding from the cavernous sinus, often with s … icaria soon after after the use of Tisseel. Symptoms normalized after administration of adrenaline, clemastine, and hydrocortisone. A skin prick test later confirmed that the allergic reaction had not been to a single component of Tisseel but to a combination of its components. LESSONS: This case and the accompanied literature can aid in recognizing patient …

[Intraoperative anaphylaxis due to natural latex in a 3-year-old boy].

A nearly three-year-old boy with a genitourinary malformation, which had already been operated on several times, developed generalized urticaria, facial swelling and bronchospasm within 15 minutes of the induction of anaesthesia. The signs quickly responded to the administration of methylprednisolone (32 mg), clemastine (10 mg) and ranitidine (25 mg). There was a twofold positive immediate reaction in the prick test to natural rubber latex (white and brown), and specific IgE was demonstrated against the latex (2.58 kU/l). On the other hand, prick tests with perioperatively administered drugs a…

Hippocampal Oligodendrocytes Regulate Mossy Fiber Development Involved in Epileptic Responses.

Although oligodendrocytes (OLs) are known to form the myelin sheath around neuronal axons for the saltatory conduction of action potentials, … to epileptogenesis in adulthood. More importantly, enhancing differentiation by orally administered clemastine rescues the defective mossy fiber development in the early postnatal period and attenuates epilepsy susceptibility in adults. Together, these results strongly suggest that an OL differentiation defect in the hippocampus may contribute to susceptibil …

Deficient deposition of new myelin impairs adult optic nerve function in a murine model of diabetes.

Visual impairment in diabetes is a growing public health concern. Apart from the well-defined diabetic retinopathy, disturbed optic nerve fu … hort time window extensively delayed the signal transmission of the adult optic nerve. In addition, clemastine, an antimuscarinic compound that enhances myelination, significantly restored oligodendroglia, and promoted the functional recovery of the optic nerve in diabetic mice. Together, our results point to the role of new myelin deposition in optic neurop …

[Chlorhexidine anaphylaxis in a perioperative context: diagnosis and management].

BACKGROUND: During surgery, the patient is exposed to multiple medications and molecules that can be associated with the development hyperse … d a sensation of breathlessness, and oxygen was therefore administered, as well as 2 mg intravenous clemastine, 5 mg intravenous ranitidine and 20 µg subcutaneous adrenaline. Epidermal tests with 0.5 % chlorhexidine and serum chlorhexidine-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) were performed, both with positive results. The patient recovered without complications; …

Serotonin syndrome after sertraline overdose in a child: a case report.

Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening drug effect. It may be misdiagnosed because it has mostly been reported in adults. Case … ralized rigidity and involuntary movements. She was treated with fluids and iv diazepam, midazolam, clemastine, and biperiden. As the patient presented a severe insomnia and a progressive rhabdomyolysis, she was transferred to pediatric intensive care unit (ICU), where she was under treatment with cyproheptadine, mechanical ventilation, and muscular paralysi …

Effects of 7-ethoxycarbonyl-4-hydroxymethyl-6,8-dimethyl-1(2H)-phthalazinone (EG 626), a new phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on the cardiovascular system of the dog.

7-Ethoxycarbonyl-4-hydroxymethyl-6,8-dimethyl-1(2H)-phthalazinone (EG 626) (0.3-3 mg/kg i.v.), a new cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, … nary sinus outflow. The vasodilator effect of EG 626 was no suppressed by atropine, propranolol nor clemastine, and the inotropic action was not modified by pindolol. These results indicate that EG 626 may be a useful vasodilator with a cardiotonic activity but with less potency to cause tachycardia than papaverine.

Clinical and therapeutical aspects of cold urticaria (urticaria a frigore).

A new drug with inhibitory properties on the Mast Cell degranulation, Ketotifen, was administered in 87 patients suffering from idiopathic urticaria a frigore (iUF). The first group (A), with 52 patients effectuated prophylactic management for 4 months with Ketotifen (K) (2 mg/day) and Clemastine (C) (2 mg/day) according to the double blind crossover method. Both the drugs were administrated in stages of 2 months each. The second group (B), with 35 patients (having previously failed a prophylactic attempt with Cyproheptadine) received only K, for two months. The results of group. A were favour…

[Optic neuritis: aetiopathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis and management].

The main causes of optic neuritis (ON) are multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyt … and neuroprotection, leading to phase II clinical trials. Some of these drugs, such as opicinumab, clemastine, phenytoin or simvastatin, have shown positive results; however, their clinical effect remains to be defined. It is accepted that corticosteroids do not improve the long-term prognosis of ON, although some retrospective studies suggest that there is …

Pharmacology of new 7-gamma-piperazino-beta-hydroxypropyl theophline derivatives. Part II. The effect on course and dynamics of delayed contact allergy produced with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in guinea pigs.

The action of three new 7-gamma-piperazion-beta-hydroxypropyl theophylline derivatives on the course and dynamics of development of skin reaction in delayed hypersensitivity produced by a potent sensitizing agent (DNBC) was studied. The preventive action, particularly of compound R6, against exudate and edema of the sites of depot of the antigen in the guinea pig is similar to the effect produced by classical antihistaminics, as mepyramine mepyramine or tavegyl. It has been found histopathologically that compound R6 does not change the localization and proliferation of mononuclear perivascular

[Severe adverse event following iv administration of 10 ml 6% Dextran60 (0.6 g) in a healthy volunteer].

We describe the case of a 24-year-old healthy volunteer who underwent a dextran-induced anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reaction (DIAR) type III after administration of 10 ml 6% Dextran60 (0.6 g) during a preliminary examination. There were no specific incidents in the medical history or any infusions of any colloids. In contrary to other DIAR case reports of anaphylactic reactions, in this case we observed a latency period after intravenous application of Dextran60 to the first clinical symptoms of anaphylactic shock of about 5 min. The initial decrease of systolic blood pressure to less than 90 m

[Anaphylaxis caused by chlorhexidine following cystoscopy or urethral catheterization].

Since 1983 the Netherlands Centre for Monitoring of Adverse Reactions to Drugs received 6 reports of anaphylaxis due to a chlorhexidine-containing lubricant used during cystoscopy or urinary catheterization. One case was described earlier. An accidental rechallenge in two patients was positive. In 5 cases, the causal relationship with chlorhexidine was confirmed by a positive reaction to intracutaneous testing. Although this adverse reaction is probably rare, medical practitioners should be aware of the possibility that a severe anaphylactic reaction may occur during use of these products.

Effect of antihistamines on interferon production by leukocytes from sensitized and non-sensitized mice.

The effect of four antihistamines (Intal, Zaditen, Tavegyl, Benzhydramine) on interferon production in mice was investigated. The agents were administered in vivo to ovalbumin-sensitized and non-sensitized mice, or in vitro to isolated peritoneal cell cultures. The cells were induced for interferon production with Newcastle virus. It was shown that Tavegyl and Benzhydramine, both after in vivo and in vitro administration, inhibit interferon production, while Intal and Zaditen had no effect.

Painful orbital inflammatory lesions and mastocytosis.

A 15-year-old female patient developed painful nodules in an anophthalmic socket that were exacerbated by treatment with steroids and narcotics. Although orbit biopsy showed chronic inflammation, the diagnosis of mastocytosis was confirmed with skin biopsy and urinary levels of histamine. The patient responded to excision of nodules and treatment for mastocytosis. Painful orbital lesions associated with mastocytosis have not been reported previously.

Человеческие миелионированные органоиды мозга с интегрированной микроглией в качестве модели для миелинового ремонта и ремиелионирующей терапии.

Олигодендроциты, миелионирующие клетки центральной нервной системы (ЦНС), необходимы для формирования миелиновых ножниц и имеют решающее значение для поддержания аксонной целостности и проводимости. Разрушение этих клеток и миелинных оболочек, которые они производят, является отличительной чертой таких демиелинизирующих условий, как множественный склероз или те, которые являются результатом некоторых побочных эффектов наркотиков, что приводит к глубоким неврологическим расстройствам. В этом исследовании мы создали органоид человеческого мозга, состоящий из нейронов, астроцитов и милинирующих о

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are essential for the formation of myelin sheaths and pivotal f … oglia in the remyelination process. Furthermore, the application of the pro-remyelinating compounds clemastine, XAV939, and BQ3020 further enhanced remyelination in MHBOs +MG but was ineffective in the absence of microglia. Cross-validation of our findings in mouse cerebellar slice cultures confirmed that the pro-remyelinating compounds were effective ex viv …

Neuroprotective Effects of Novel Treatments on Acute Optic Neuritis-A Meta-Analysis.

Optic neuritis, inflammation of the optic nerve, can cause visual impairment through retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) degeneration. Optical … ven studies involving five novel agents (memantine, erythropoietin, interferon-beta, phenytoin, and clemastine) were analyzed. When compared with the baseline RNFL thickness of the affected eye, the neuroprotective effects of novel add-on treatments could not be demonstrated. The difference in visual outcomes was also not significant between the two treatmen …