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Herpes zoster guideline of the German Dermatology Society (DDG).

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes varicella (chickenpox), remains dormant in dorsal root and cranial nerve ganglia and can be reactivated … than 50 years with zoster on the trunk and on the extremities. In Germany acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir and brivudin are approved for the systemic antiviral treatment of herpes zoster. These compounds are all well tolerated by the patients and do not differ with regard to efficacy and safety. Brivudin has a markedly higher anti-VZV potency than oral a …

Valaciclovir: a review of its use in the management of herpes zoster.

UNLABELLED: Varicella zoster virus (VZV), the pathogen responsible for herpes zoster, belongs to the herpesvirus family and is sensitive to … reliminary results of a large controlled trial indicate that valaciclovir 1000 mg 3 times daily and famciclovir (the prodrug of penciclovir) 500 mg 3 times daily are of similar efficacy in speeding resolution of acute herpes zoster rash and shortening the duration of postherpetic neuralgia. Starting treatment later than 72 hours after rash onset did not signi …

[Update on the treatment of genital herpes].

Genital herpes is a chronic infection characterized by periodic reactivation. It can produce symptomatic disease in the host although asymptomatic viral excretion can also occur. It is currently the main cause of genital ulceration and an important public health problem that has substantial clinical, psychological, and economic repercussions. This review analyzes the currently available therapeutic options and regimens, which are based mainly on systemic use of antiviral agents such as aciclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir. In addition, special emphasis is placed on the prevention and manag…

Herpes zoster antivirals and pain management.

TOPIC: Evaluation of evidence-based strategies for managing herpes zoster (HZ) and the pain of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). CLINICAL RELEV … 72 hours of the onset of the acute HZ rash, the oral antiviral agents acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir significantly shorten the periods of acute pain, virus shedding, rash, acute and late-onset anterior segment complications, and, in the case of valacyclovir and famciclovir, the incidence and severity of PHN. However, these medications do not preven …

FIRST DETECTION OF CLINICAL DISEASE DUE TO ELEPHANT ENDOTHELIOTROPIC HERPESVIRUS 7A IN TWO AFRICAN ELEPHANTS (LOXODONTA AFRICANA) IN HUMAN CARE.

Multiple species of elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) have caused fatal hemorrhagic disease in African (Loxodonta africana) and A … cluding leukopenia, lymphopenia, monocytopenia, and band heterophilia. Treatment was initiated with famciclovir, antimicrobials, and rectal fluids, and one elephant received plasma transfusions due to a progressive decrease in platelet count. Both elephants remained asymptomatic throughout the viremias, with rapid resolution of hematologic abnormalities. Thes …

Antiviral drugs in the prophylaxis of HBV infection.

Reactivation of hepatitis B infection (HBV) is known to occur in liver graft recipients and in chronic carriers of the surface antigen of HBV who receive immunosuppressive therapy. The use of hepatitis B immune globulin alone or in combination with antiviral agents such as lamivudine, adefovir, tenofovir, entecavir, famciclovir, ganciclovir, as prophylaxis in HBV liver transplants, has been well documented. In terms of HBV positive carriers undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy, the preemptive use of nucleoside or nucleotide analogues seems to be effective. Monotherapy or combination of antiviral …

Herpes zoster: diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive approaches.

Herpes zoster (Hz), which generally presents as a localized, painful cutaneous eruption, is a common clinical problem, particularly among ad … ling, and prevention of secondary bacterial infection. Antiviral agents, preferably valacyclovir or famciclovir, should be started within 72 hours of onset to reduce the severity of the infection, the duration of the eruptive phase, and the intensity of acute pain. Herpes zoster has been associated with several complications, of which post-herpetic neuralgia …

A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Antiviral Agents for Immunocompetent Patients with Herpes Zoster-Associated Pain.

BACKGROUND: The most refractory symptom of herpes zoster (HZ) is pain. Approximately 90% of people who have HZ suffer from pain. Early use o … e was no significant difference between oral acyclovir and intravenous acyclovir. Furthermore, oral famciclovir was the most effective treatment concerning both the odds ratio (OR) (superior to placebo OR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.13~0.48) and the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values of 0.84 for the treatment of acute pain among all the oral anti …

Двусторонний острый некроз сетчатки, вызванный вирусом варицелла зостер у пожилого пациента.

СООБЩЕНИЕ КАСЕ: Поступили сообщения об остром некрозе сетчатки с двусторонним участием в связи с вирусом Варичелла Зостер у 77-летнего мужчины. Полимеразная цепная реакция (ПКР) водного юмора была положительной для вируса Варичеллы Зостер (VZV). Он развил васкулит Kyrileis через месяц после начала лечения, когда анализ PCR был отрицательным. Дискуссия: ПЦР является быстродействующей и безопасной техникой с высокой чувствительностью и специфичностью 97%, полезной для диагностики и мониторинга вирусной активности. Такое вмешательство должно быть неотложным в связи с стремительной эволюцией ситуа

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
CASE REPORT: The case is reported of acute retinal necrosis with bilateral involvement due to Varicella Zoster virus in a 77 year-old man. P … the viral activity. The intervention must be urgent, due to the dramatically rapid evolution. Oral famciclovir oral is good alternative owing to its bioavailability.

Recurrent benign lymphocytic meningitis.

Recurrent benign lymphocytic meningitis is a recurring, typically innocuous, painful form of aseptic meningitis. This syndrome is associated with transient neurological symptoms in one-half of afflicted patients. The causative agent is usually herpes simplex virus type 2, which can be confirmed by detection of viral DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid using polymerase chain reaction. Clinical disease resolves spontaneously; however, acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir have been administered to some patients for both episodic therapy and suppression of recurrences. This therapy is thought to be…

Hepatitis B-related polyarteritis nodosa complicated by pulmonary hemorrhage.

A 34-year-old man presented with fever, weight loss, paresthesia, abdominal pain, and hypertension. He had hepatitis B antigenemia, with negative antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, antinuclear antibody, and antiglomerular basement membrane serology results. Renal arteriography showed multiple intrarenal microaneurysms. In spite of therapy with antiviral agents (lamivudine, famciclovir), prednisone, cyclophosphamide, and plasmapheresis, renal function deteriorated. He later developed rapidly progressive dyspnea and hemoptysis. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage was confirmed by bronchoscopy. He died…

Herpes Labialis: An Update.

BACKGROUND: Herpes labialis is characterized by recurrent vesicular eruptions primarily on the lips and perioral skin. The condition is cont … episodic treatment, oral antiviral agents, such as acyclovir (Zovirax), valacyclovir (Valtrex) and famciclovir (Famvir), are superior to topical antiviral therapy. Valacyclovir and famciclovir have greater oral bioavailability and are better absorbed than acyclovir, require less frequent dosing, but are more expensive and are not approved for children. Topic …

Варичелла зостерный менингит: нетипичный случай возрождения зостеров у молодых людей, обладающих иммунокомпетентностью.

Вирус Варичеллы — нейротропический вирус, который может возродиться позже в жизни, чтобы вызвать зостер или шиворот. Как правило, она затрагивает пожилых людей, иммунокомпромиссных людей. Мы сообщаем о необычайном случае, когда молодой человек, обладающий иммунокомпетентностью, страдает затылочной головной болью и зостерной сыпью, без предгерпетической и постгерпетической нейронгии, у которого был диагностирован варицелла менингит на цепной реакции полимеразы (ПХД). Его лечили внутривенным ацикловиром, а затем выписали на фамчикловире. Диагноз варицелла менингита затруднен в отсутствие типичны

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Varicella virus is a neurotropic virus that can reactivate later in life to cause zoster or shingles. Typically, it affects elderly, immunoc … Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). He was treated with intravenous acyclovir and later discharged on famciclovir. Diagnosis of varicella meningitis is difficult in the absence of typical features of zoster rash and requires high index of suspicion. Rapid diagnostic tests including varicella PCR and antithecal antibody testing can help in the confirmation of va …

Herpes simplex virus (update on dermatologic aspects of sexually transmitted disease and human immunodeficiency virus).

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the most common cause of anogenital ulceration worldwide. There are two distinct viruses: HSV-1 associated with oro-labial cold sores and genital infection and HSV-2 associated with genital infection. Infection is lifelong, and typically presents with painful anogenital ulceration, which may recur after periods of latency. Asymptomatic shedding is common and may lead to transmission to sexual partners. Antiviral suppression with aciclovir, valaciclovir, or famciclovir is useful to treat initial painful episodes or troublesome recurrent infection. Suppressive antiv…

[Current therapeutics in infectious dermatology].

NEW AGENTS: Among new treatments used for infectious dermatology diseases, new agents for genital herpes, valaciclovir and famciclovir, have greatly simplified therapeutic schemes. Cidofovir has also been shown to be effective against aciclovir-resistant cutaneous and mucosal herpetic lesions and for the treatment of molluscum contagiosum. NEW ADMINISTRATION ROUTES: For genital papillomavirus infections, trials using systemic or intralesional administered interferon have not provided conclusive evidence but imiquimode appears to be quite promising. Itaconazole and fluconazole are effective for…

Viral skin infections in the elderly: diagnosis and management.

Over the past several years, there have been advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous viral diseases in elderly patients. Herpes zoster is caused by reactivation in adults of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) that causes chickenpox in children. For many years, aciclovir was the gold standard of antiviral therapy for the treatment of herpes zoster. Famciclovir and valaciclovir are newer antivirals, which offer less frequent administration. Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) refers to pain lasting 2 months or more after an acute attack of herpes zoster. The pain may be constant or intermitt…

Antiviral Chemotherapy in Avian Medicine-A Review.

This review article describes the current knowledge about the use of antiviral chemotherapeutics in avian species, such as farm poultry and companion birds. Specific therapeutics are described in alphabetical order including classic antiviral drugs, such as acyclovir, abacavir, adefovir, amantadine, didanosine, entecavir, ganciclovir, interferon, lamivudine, penciclovir, famciclovir, oseltamivir, ribavirin, and zidovudine, repurposed drugs, such as ivermectin and nitazoxanide, which were originally used as antiparasitic drugs, and some others substances showing antiviral activity, such as ampl…

Rash severity in herpes zoster: correlates and relationship to postherpetic neuralgia.

Baseline and follow-up data from 4 samples of immunocompetent patients with herpes zoster who participated in clinical trials of the antiviral agent famciclovir were examined (N = 1778). In both univariate and multivariate analyses, severe rash (ie, >50 lesions, defined as papules, vesicles, or crusted vesicles) was significantly associated with older age, male sex, severe pain, primary involvement of nontrigeminal dermatomes, and a greater number of affected dermatomes. In addition, severe rash predicted the presence of pain 3 months later. The results indicate that severe rash is more common…

Herpes misdiagnosed as pyoderma gangrenosum.

Retroviral infection is known to cause varied manifestation of any disease. We report a 27-year-old female who presented with non-healing painful ulcer in the left hand of 6 months' duration. The patient was diagnosed as pyoderma gangrenosum and treated with immunosuppressant drugs. One month later, she developed perianal vesicles and Tzanck smear from the vesicles showed multinucleated giant cells. A workup for sexually transmitted disease revealed HIV 1 Elisa to be positive. Diagnosis of herpetic ulcer was made and treated with famciclovir and hand ulcer gradually healed in 25 days. We repor…

MODERN ETHIOTROPIC CHEMOTHERAPY OF HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS: ADVANCES, NEW TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES. ALPHAHERPESVIRUSES (PART II).

A key role in the treatment of herpesviral infections is played by modified nucleosides and their predecessors - acyclovir, its L-valine ester (valaciclovir) and famciclovir (prodrug of penciclovir). The biological activity of compounds of this class is determined by their similarity to natural nucleosides. After phosphorylation by viral thymidine kinase and then cell enzymes to the triphosphate forms, acyclovir and penciclovir inhibit the activity of viral DNA polymerase and synthesis of viral DNA. The increasing role of herpesvirus infections in human infectious pathology, as well as the dev…