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Genome sequencing and broad-spectrum plant growth-promoting effects of the multifunctional PGPR strain Priestia aryabhattai B8.

A multifunctional plant growth-promoting bacterial strain designated as B8 was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of tobacco under continuou … ophore biosynthetic gene cluster. Additionally, genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes, such as chitinases and β-glucanases involved in cell wall degradation, along with multiple secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters, were identified, providing a molecular basis for its multifunctional plant growth-promoting and biocontrol potential. Pot experi …

Nutrient-Microbiota Co-Regulation of Protein Conversion in Black Soldier Fly Larvae: The Role of Alkali-Soluble Protein and Gut Microbial Communities.

Insect protein farming offers sustainable advantages in land efficiency, emission reductions, and bioconversion, yet optimizing the nutrient composition remains a major challenge for cost-effective production. This study investigates the co-regulatory mechanism between alkali-soluble protein (SpA) and the gut microbiota in black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) and their effect on protein conversion efficiency. Feeding trials with varying alfalfa/SpA ratios identified a wheat middlings/alfalfa meal blend at a (5:0 ratio) as optimal for promoting larval protein accumulation. SDS-PAGE and

The CcMAK2 gene is required for proper asexual fruiting body formation in Cordyceps cicadae.

Cordyceps cicadae is a traditional precious medicinal and edible entomogenous fungus. Its asexual fruiting bodies are highly valued in natural health food. Currently, the intrinsic mechanisms regulating fruiting body development in C. cicadae remain largely elusive. The Fus3/MAK2 homolog within the MAPK signaling pathway plays a crucial role in sexual reproduction and pathogenesis in filamentous fungi, yet its function in the fruiting body development of C. cicadae has not been reported. Therefore, this study focused on CcMAK2 from C. cicadae, constructing gene overexpression and knockout stra

Atg5/Autophagy inactivation in mouse bone microenvironment promotes tumor development.

Bone is an attractive site for cancer colonization, both for primary tumors such as osteosarcoma and for metastases of various malignancies. Preventing bone metastasis, which is associated with a poor prognosis, is a major challenge and identifying the factors involved in skeletal tumoral development is crucial to improve survival. In the present work, we showed that inactivation of the macroautophagy/autophagy-essential gene Atg5 in osteoblasts, the cells in charge of bone formation, stimulates osteosarcoma and breastbone metastasis growth as well as metastatic dissemination. We determined th

Identification of Mango Cross-Reactive Allergens and Cross-Reactive Linear Epitopes Using Serum from Patients with Mango Allergy.

Although mango is not classified among the nine major allergenic foods reported by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the increasing global and domestic consumption of mango has been accompanied by a growing number of reported cases of mango allergy. Currently, reports on cross-reactive allergens and cross-reactive linear epitopes in mango are limited. This study employed BLASTp (version 2.11.0+) to predict potential allergens that may cross-react with mango protein allergens and other food protein allergens. Subsequently, cross-reactive allergens were identified using sera from mango-all

Increased cerebrospinal fluid YKL-40 concentration in hip fracture patients with delirium.

The underlying mechanisms of the neuropsychiatric syndrome delirium are still unknown, but neuroinflammation is a central hypothesis. Chitinase-3-like-protein-1 (YKL-40/CHI3L1) is considered a marker of neuroinflammation when measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The aim of this study was to examine concentrations of CSF YKL-40 in patients with and without delirium, to enhance the understanding of delirium pathophysiology. A total of 545 hip fracture patients were included from two similar cohorts. CSF samples were collected in conjunction with spinal anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery. The

In vitro exposure to the agricultural triazole tebuconazole selects for fluconazole cross-resistance and echinocandin tolerance in Candidozyma auris.

The agricultural triazole fungicide tebuconazole (TCZ) has been implicated in the emergence of azole resistance in human fungal pathogens, but its direct role in selecting resistance and tolerance in Candidozyma auris remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether laboratory exposure of a clade III clinical C. auris isolate to TCZ could induce cross-resistance to clinical antifungals. Among 17 agrochemicals tested, only TCZ exhibited intrinsic antifungal activity. Brief (48 h) exposure to sub-MIC TCZ (1 μg/mL) selected variants (6.9% frequency) with cross-resistance to TCZ and fluconazole, but

Non-lytic protein secretion by virulence-associated Type 10 Secretion Systems in Salmonella enterica.

INTRODUCTION: Type 10 Secretion Systems (T10SSs) are critical virulence determinants in many bacterial pathogens and are evolutionarily derived from phage-associated lytic cassettes. In Salmonella enterica, two distinct T10SSs mediate the export of key virulence factors: typhoid toxin and cytolysin A in S. enterica serovar Typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever, and the invasion-associated chitinase A in non-typhoidal S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, a major cause of severe salmonellosis worldwide. These systems respond to distinct environmental cues, with the typhoidal T10SS induced intr

CHI3L1 combined with Th17/Treg cells: a novel marker for the degree of HBV-related liver fibrosis.

Several methods are available to differentiate non-fibrosis from advanced liver fibrosis; however, data regarding intermediate stages remain limited. A total of 246 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were enrolled and classified into four groups according to fibrosis stage: non- or mild fibrosis (Group A), significant fibrosis (Group B), progressive fibrosis (Group C), and cirrhosis (Group D). The serum chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) levels in Groups A, B, C, and D were 40.33, 52.96, 92.28, and 153.63 μg/L, respectively. Significant differences were observed between Groups A and B (p

Reversing antibiotic resistance and reprogramming macrophage polarization by extracellular vesicles from fresh Schisandra chinensis: A dual pharmacological strategy for drug-resistant wound infection and sepsis.

The rapid global escalation of multi-drug resistant (MDR) infections, ranging from localized chronic MRSA-infected wounds to systemic CRE-induced sepsis, has necessitated the urgent development of innovative antimicrobial potentiators. Herein, we identify Schisandra chinensis-derived extracellular vesicles (SCEVs) as a versatile, biogenic nanoplatform capable of simultaneously reversing bacterial resistance and resolving pathological inflammation. SCEVs exhibit intrinsic, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and function as potent antibiotic sensitizers. At a low dose, SCEVs reduced the MICs

Physiological, Transcriptomic, and Metabolomic Insights into Ammonia-Nitrogen Stress in the Hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei Acclimated to Low Salinity.

Elevated ammonia nitrogen significantly reduces the survival rate of Litopenaeus vannamei under low-salinity conditions. Low-salinity culture is widely adopted in shrimp farming but susceptible to ammonia accumulation; however, relevant studies mainly focus on juvenile shrimp under single stress or normal salinity. With the aim of exploring how L. vannamei responds physiologically and molecularly to elevated ammonia nitrogen after low-salinity adaptation, shrimp were gradually acclimated to 5‱ salinity. They were reared at 5‱ for one week before being exposed to high levels of ammonia nitrogen

Evaluation of potential serum biomarkers for individuals at risk of multiple sclerosis.

Circulating proteins have been widely investigated as potential biomarkers in multiple sclerosis (MS), yet findings across studies are often inconsistent, likely reflecting differences in disease stage, treatment exposure, and cohort composition. Studying individuals at elevated risk of MS prior to disease onset offers a unique opportunity to identify immune alterations that precede clinical disease while minimizing confounders. Here, we investigated whether alterations in six previously MS-associated biomarkers are detectable and associate to underlying genetic susceptibility in two independe

Increased Colonic Levels of CD8+ Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-Associated Mediators in Patients With Microscopic Colitis.

BACKGROUND: For unidentified reasons, possibly due to increased immune surveillance, patients with collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC), both forms of microscopic colitis (MC), have lower risk of colorectal cancer than controls and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. Levels of secreted and cell-bound mediators in MC patients with active disease and in histological remission (HR) compared to UC patients and controls were investigated. METHODS: Median fluorescence intensity of 54 analytes in colonic biopsies from patients with active CC (n = 21), LC (n = 11), and UC (n = 19); CC-

CHIT1 regulates the neuroinflammation and phagocytosis of microglia and suppresses Aβ plaque deposition in Alzheimer's disease.

Chitinase 1 (CHIT1), as a chitin-specific hydrolase, significantly influences the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through microglia-associated inflammation and amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque accumulation. However, the precise mechanism of CHIT1 action in AD remains uncertain. The effects of CHIT1 on cerebral blood flow (CBF), hippocampal volume, and cognitive function were investigated in APP/PS1 mice. Protein alterations resulting from CHIT1 overexpression were analyzed using four-dimensional (4D) label-free quantitative (LFQ) protein spectrometry. Additionally, the influence of CHIT1 on mi

Evaluating the efficacy and molecular mechanisms of the effects of Trichoderma harzianum T15 against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.

BACKGROUND: Pine wilt disease, caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, devastates pine ecosystems. As a well-known biocontrol fungus, Trichoderma harzianum has been shown to exhibit broad-spectrum antagonistic effects against multiple pathogens and nematodes. In this study, we employed morphological, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and RNA-sequencing analyses to systematically evaluate its efficacy against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. These findings clarify the biocontrol potential of T. harzianum and support developing new agents

Multi-omics analyses reveal that DMDS-induced embryonic developmental arrest leads to eggshell damage and secondary suppression of chitin biosynthesis in Meloidogyne incognita.

Root-knot nematode (RKN) eggs have a multilayered structure that allows them to survive long-term in soil, serving as a major source of reinfestation. Dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), an efficient and environmentally friendly fumigant alternative to methyl bromide, shows significant inhibitory activity against RKN eggs, yet its ovicidal mechanism remains unclear. This study integrated microscopy, multi-omics, and biochemical assays to evaluate DMDS potency under contact and fumigation treatments. RT-qPCR and biochemical assays were used for validation. Results showed that the 24-h EC50 values of DMD

Plasma CHI3L1 associates with brain volume loss and glial activation in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) progression independent of relapses is driven by brain innate immune cell activation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), expressed in brain by astrocytes and microglia, measured from blood and smouldering inflammation measured using 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with MS. METHODS: The study cohort included 55 patients with MS (25 progressive MS (PMS) and 30 relapsing remitting MS (RRMS)) and 17 healthy controls (HC). CHI3L1 was measured with co

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) lacks the enzymatic activity of chitinases and belongs to chitinase-like proteins in the glycoside hydrolase family 18. … Human Chitinase 3-like 1/YKL-40 Quantikine ELISA-Kit (DC3L10, R&D Systems) was used following manufacturer’s instructions with recommended dilution 1:50. …

Isolation and Characterization of Biocontrol Microbes for Development of Effective Microbial Consortia for Managing Rhizoctonia bataticola Root Rot of Cluster Bean Under Hot Arid Climatic Conditions.

Development of native microbial consortia is crucial for the sustainable management of plant diseases in modern agriculture. This study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic potential of various microbial isolates against Rhizoctonia bataticola, a significant soil-borne pathogen. A total of 480 bacteria, 283 fungi, and 150 actinomycetes were isolated and screened using in vitro dual plate assays. Among these, isolates 5F, 131B, 223B, and 236B demonstrated the highest antagonistic activity, with inhibition rates of 88.24%, 87.5%, 81.25%, and 81.25%, respectively. The selected isolates were further

Neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular dysfunction and diurnal cortisol biomarkers in a memory clinic cohort: Findings from the Co-STAR study.

Cortisol dysregulation, neuroinflammation, and cerebrovascular dysfunction are biological processes that have been separately shown to be affected in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we aimed to identify biomarker signatures reflecting these pathways in 108 memory clinic patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD, N = 40), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, N = 39), and AD (N = 29). Participants were from the well-characterized Cortisol and Stress in Alzheimer's Disease (Co-STAR) cohort, recruited at Karolinska University Hospital. Salivary diurnal cortisol measures and 41 CSF proteins were a

Multifaceted plant growth-promoting traits of indigenous rhizospheric microbes against Phomopsis theae, a causal agent of stem canker in tea plants.

Phomopsis canker is one of the major devastating stem diseases that occur in tea plants caused by the fungal pathogen Phomopsis theae. Rapid development of this disease leads to a capital loss in the tea industry which demands an ecofriendly disease management strategy to control this aggressive pathogen. A total of 245 isolates were recovered from the tea rhizosphere and screened for in vitro plant growth promoting (PGP) traits and antagonism against P. theae. Among them, twelve isolates exhibited multifarious PGP traits including phytohormones, siderophore, hydrogen cyanide, salicylic acid p