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First onset of treatment of patients with eating disorders and treatment course: Results of data from a German health insurance company.

OBJECTIVE: This study examines, inpatient treatment costs, and typical treatment courses of patients with an eating disorder using secondary data. METHOD: The data were provided by a German health insurance company (data from 4.2 million members from 2004 to 2010; corresponds to a market share of 6% of all statutorily insured persons in Germany). An age and gender matched control group without an eating disorder diagnosis was assessed for comparisons from the same dataset. RESULTS: Two thousand seven hundred and thirty four cases with an eating disorder diagnosis (anorexia nervosa [AN], buli

Implementing Daily Leadership Safety Huddles in a Public Hospital: Bridging the Gap.

BACKGROUND: A Leadership Safety Huddle was instituted in efforts to improve communication and make safety culture a priority at our institution. The Huddle is a transparent, regularly recurring forum of clinical and administrative hospital leaders, in which safety issues and concerns are identified, shared, and swiftly addressed. METHODS: Metrics regarding huddle effectiveness in 3 areas are studied: information technology (IT) services ticket resolution time, bladder catheterization, and one-to-one inpatient monitoring. RESULTS: Analysis revealed effectiveness of the huddle on quality of in

Trends and costs of plastic surgery claims in the NHS: A national analysis (2006-2025).

BACKGROUND: Litigation within surgical specialties continues to impose a growing financial burden on the National Health Services (NHS). Plastic surgery may be especially vulnerable to claims arising from clinical complications and unmet patient expectations. However, national trends in plastic surgery litigation have not been well characterised. To analyse the national trends, causes and costs associated with NHS plastic surgery litigation from 2006/07 to 2024/25 were assessed. METHODS: We analyzed anonymized clinical negligence claim data related to plastic surgery obtained from NHS Resolut

Healing from the Ocean: Targeting Shared Mechanisms in Autism and Epilepsy Using Algae-Derived Compounds.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and epilepsy are complex, frequently co-occurring neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders that share key mechanisms, such as altered neurotransmission, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and gut-brain axis disruption. Despite pharmacological advances, current treatments often provide only partial relief and are associated with significant side effects. The comorbidity of ASD and epilepsy, affecting millions worldwide, remains under-recognised and poorly addressed, imposing a profound burden on patients, families, and healthcare systems through reduced qua

Exploring molecular links between obesity and osteoporosis: insights from in-silico analysis and mannose supplementation.

D-mannose, a plant-derived monosaccharide used as a dietary supplement, has shown potential in alleviating obesity symptoms and improving bone loss in mice. Obesity, a known risk factor for osteoporosis (OP), suggests shared molecular pathways between these conditions. This study explores the molecular mechanisms of obesity-induced OP and the potential therapeutic role of mannose supplementation. Using in-silico analysis, GEO2R was applied to dataset GSE110796 to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under high-fat diet-induced obesity and mannose supplementation. Enrichment analysis

Prioritizing Indecent Image Offenders: A Systematic Review and Economic Approach to Understand the Benefits of Evidence-Based Policing Strategies.

In 2013, there were an estimated 50,000 individuals involved in downloading and sharing indecent images of children (IIOC) in the United Kingdom (UK). This poses challenges for limited police resources. We argue that police officers can make most effective use of limited resources by prioritizing those offenders who pose the greatest risk of contact offending, by nature of demonstrable pedophilia, hebephilia or dual offending status and thus, those at highest risk must be dealt with first. What is currently lacking is a clear idea of the potential scale of the problem in socio-economic terms a

Opioid Abuse: A Detailed Examination of Cost Drivers over a 24-Month Follow-up Period.

BACKGROUND: Previous work has documented the considerable economic burden associated with opioid abuse, dependence, and overdose/poisoning (hereafter, "abuse"). Recent analyses have provided insights into the trajectory and drivers of the excess costs of abuse both before and after diagnosis, showing the important role of other substance abuse, mental health issues, and painful conditions. OBJECTIVE: To build on the recently published study by Kirson et al. (2017) and extend its findings by (a) evaluating the trajectory of excess costs of abuse for an additional year after an incident abuse d

Cost-effectiveness of salpingotomy and salpingectomy in women with tubal pregnancy (a randomized controlled trial).

STUDY QUESTION: Is salpingotomy cost effective compared with salpingectomy in women with tubal pregnancy and a healthy contralateral tube? SUMMARY ANSWER: Salpingotomy is not cost effective over salpingectomy as a surgical procedure for tubal pregnancy, as its costs are higher without a better ongoing pregnancy rate while risks of persistent trophoblast are higher. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Women with a tubal pregnancy treated by salpingotomy or salpingectomy in the presence of a healthy contralateral tube have comparable ongoing pregnancy rates by natural conception. Salpingotomy bears the ris

Optimizing Care Management Targeting: A Machine Learning Comparison of Regression, Classification, and Ranking Approaches for Identifying Future High-Cost Patients.

Effective care management programs depend on accurately identifying patients who are likely to account for a disproportionate share of future health care expenditures. Unlike traditional risk-adjustment models, which emphasize population-level predictive accuracy, care management targeting is fundamentally a top-k decision problem focused on maximizing expenditure capture. This study used 2000-2023 MEPS data to compare regression-, classification-, and learning-to-rank machine learning approaches for predicting next-year health care expenditures. Primary outcomes included precision-at-k, cost

Establishing a sustainable and high-utilization robot-assisted surgery platform in a regional cancer center: insights from a multidisciplinary, break-even-guided operational strategy.

Adoption of robot-assisted surgery (RAS) in regional non-urban cancer centers is constrained by high fixed costs and insufficient case volumes to achieve financial sustainability. Break-even thresholds vary widely (120-300 cases/year) across institution types; however, operational models for resource-constrained settings remain poorly characterized. To evaluate whether a financially sustainable, high-utilization RAS platform centered on colorectal cancer surgery can be established in a regional, non-urban cancer center through a four-phase, cross-departmental, volume-driven strategy guided by

Cost-effectiveness of vector control for supplementing mass drug administration for eliminating lymphatic filariasis in India.

BACKGROUND/METHODOLOGY: Despite progress using mass drug administration (MDA), lymphatic filariasis (LF) remains a major public health issue in India. Vector control could potentially augment MDA towards LF elimination. We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of MDA alone and MDA together with vector control single (VCS) modality or vector control integrated (VCI) modalities. Data came from historical controls and a three-arm cluster randomized trial of 36 villages at risk of LF transmission in Tamil Nadu, India. The arms were: MDA alone (the standard of care); MDA plus VCS (expanded polyst

Integration of population-based surveys for neglected tropical diseases: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) can be controlled by interventions in populations with disease or biomarker prevalence above certain thresholds, but surveys to identify these target populations drive up the resources required. Existing survey guidelines focus on single diseases, missing opportunities to collect and analyse data on multiple co-occurring diseases more efficiently. Therefore, this scoping review aims to identify and synthesise strategies for integrating NTD surveys, evaluate costs and cost savings, and summarise key challenges and recommendations. METHODS: We cond

Экономическое бремя лечения раковых заболеваний в частном страховом населении Ливана: a seven- Ретроспективный когортный анализ (год)2018-2024).

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Рак создает растущее экономическое бремя для систем здравоохранения во всем мире, однако в странах с низким и средним уровнем дохода по-прежнему ощущается нехватка продольных данных о расходах на лечение раковых заболеваний на уровне населения в рамках частного страхования. Частный страховой сектор Ливана, находящийся в ведении администраторов третьих сторон, охватывает значительную долю экономически активного населения, однако ни одно из опубликованных исследований не характеризовало его экономического бремени, связанного с раком, в том числе во время экономического спа

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… Breast cancer, despite leading full-cohort prevalence and total expenditure, had a proportionally smaller HCC cost share, underscoring that hematological malignancies and lung cancer, which are characterized by expensive systemic agents and intensive inpatient episodes, constitute the high-cost tail. … Cost sharing and adherence to tyrosine kinase inhibitors for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol. (2014) 32:306–11. doi: 10.1200/jco.2013.52.9123 28. Mariotto AB, Yabroff KR, Shao Y, Feuer EJ, Brown ML. Projections of the cost of cancer care in the United States: 2010–2020. …

Validation of diagnostic artificial intelligence models for prostate pathology in a Middle Eastern cohort.

Artificial intelligence (AI) for pathology is accelerating cancer diagnostics. For global adoption, studies in currently under-represented populations - where the potential gains from AI may also be greatest - are needed. We present the first external validation study in a Middle Eastern setting, focusing on diagnosis and Gleason grading of prostate cancer. We digitised 339 prostate glass slides from Kurdistan, Iraq, representing a consecutive series of 185 patients from 2013 to 2024. Each slide was scanned on three digital pathology scanners, generating 1,017 whole-slide images. Task-specific

Assessing the effectiveness of barrier allocation strategies against the propagation of phytopathogens and pests with percolation.

We investigate the connectivity properties of square lattices with nearest neighbor interactions, where some sites have a reduced coordination number, meaning that certain sites can only connect through three or two adjacent sites. This model is similar to the random placement of physical barriers in plantations aimed at decreasing connectivity between susceptible individuals, which could help prevent the spread of phytopathogens and pests. In this way, we estimate the percolation threshold as a function of pd (the fraction of sites with reduced coordination number), finding that a q-exponenti

Prevention and the demand for dental care in an international perspective.

Organizational patterns of preventive services aiming at stimulating dental health education and hygiene in the young are differently realized in various countries. The priority allotted to dental care within total health services differs in each society. Differences in allocation of responsibility for dental health are reflected in the proportion of co-payment costs borne by the individual. Low perceptions of need by individuals may cause different backlogs of professionally determined need which influence the supply of care and ensuing costs. This is reflected in various levels of expenditur

Novel Small Molecules in IBD: Current State and Future Perspectives.

Biologicals have dominated the therapeutic scenery in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), namely ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), for the past 20 years. The development of tofacitinib was the starting point for an era of small molecules after the era of biologicals. These new agents may challenge the use of biological agents in the future. They share properties that appeal to both patients and physicians. Low production costs, a lack of immunogenicity, and ease of use are only some of their benefits. On the other hand, patients and their physicians must manage the potential si

Visual system manifestations of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an increasingly common disease with massive personal and economic costs. While it has long been known that AD impacts the visual system, there has recently been an increased focus on understanding both pathophysiological mechanisms that may be shared between the eye and brain and how related biomarkers could be useful for AD diagnosis. Here, were review pertinent cellular and molecular mechanisms of AD pathophysiology, the presence of AD pathology in the visual system, associated functional changes, and potential development of diagnostic tools based on the visual s

The use of a hands-free crutch in patients with musculoskeletal injuries: randomized control trial.

Unilateral musculoskeletal below-knee injuries occur with great frequency. Patients who cannot bear weight on an injured limb usually mobilize themselves with standard crutches. When the patient also has an upper limb injury, however, mobilization might be impossible, and can result in a lengthy in-patient stay. A randomized control trial was conducted on 80 patients to share our experience with the innovative 'hands-free crutch', and to discuss the potential of this device for more frequent use in orthopaedic surgery. We present its value in facilitating early discharge in patients with both

The ILIA study: protocol for a randomized-controlled multicenter clinical trial on smartphone- and web-based relapse monitoring for patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.

BACKGROUND: Despite the proven efficacy of antipsychotics in relapse prevention in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder, every third patient experiences a relapse within less than one year. Relapses can worsen psychosocial and treatment related outcomes and lead to substantial economic costs, primarily due to frequent and prolonged hospitalizations. The aim of this project is to evaluate a smartphone- and web-based digital solution for detecting early warning signs of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder to reduce relapses and subsequent hospitalizations. METHODS: This randomized