Результаты поиска

Protective effects of pharmacological therapies in animal models of multiple sclerosis: a review of studies 2014-2019.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The disability caused by inflammatory demyelination clinically dominates the early stages of relapsing-remitting MS and is reversible. Once there is considerable loss of axons, MS patients enter a secondary progressive stage. Disease-modifying drugs currently in use for MS suppress the immune system and reduce relapse rates but are not effective in the progressive stage. Various animal models of MS (mostly mouse and rat) have been established and proved useful in studying the disease process and res…

Финансовое бремя карманной нефармакологической терапии в австрийской многоклерозовой группе.

Учитывая финансовые трудности в области общественного здравоохранения, мы изучили ежемесячные фактические расходы на немедикаментозное лечение лиц с множественным склерозом (МС), хроническим неврологическим расстройством, которое в первую очередь затрагивает лиц трудоспособного возраста. В рамках этого межсекторального исследования использовался онлайновый вопросник для оценки расходов и использования нефармакологических методов лечения, а также еженедельной продолжительности рабочего дня 104 человек с повторными выбросами MS (RRMS, 79%), вторичным прогрессивным MS (SPMS, 12%) и первичным прог

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Given the financial constraints in public healthcare, we investigated the monthly out-of-pocket expenses for non-pharmacological treatments among individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic neurological disorder that primarily affects individuals of working age. This cross-sectional study employed an online questionnaire to evaluate the expenses and …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis associated with Sjögren's syndrome: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Motor neuron disease (MND) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder with an unknown cause. The development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is believed to be linked to an immune response. Monocytes/macrophages and T cells are key players in the disease's advancement. Monitoring levels of cytokines in the blood can help forecast patient outcomes, while immunotherapy shows promise in alleviating symptoms for certain individuals. CASE PRESENTATION: A 56-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to progressive limb weakness persisting for eight months

Treatment Effects on Chronic Active Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.

INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by chronic, compartmentalized inflammation persisting behind a relatively intact blood-brain barrier. This process can be assessed in vivo using neuroimaging biomarkers of chronic active lesions (CALs): paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), slowly expanding lesions (SELs), and lesions showing increased uptake of 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomography (PET) tracers. Given their association with more severe structural damage, clinical disability, and disease progression, CALs represent a biologically relevant target to as…

Impact of Lesion Location on Longitudinal Myelin Water Fraction Change in Chronic Multiple Sclerosis Lesions.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To examine the impact of lesion location on longitudinal myelin water fraction (MWF) changes in chronic multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Relative hypoxia, due to vascular watershed regions of the cerebrum, has been implicated in lesion development but impact on ongoing demyelination is unknown. METHODS: Forty-eight patients with relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive MS had two MWF scans with fast acquisition, spiral trajectory, and T2prep (FAST-T2) sequence, at an interval of 2.0 (±.3) years. Lesion location was identified based upon cerebral lobe and relation …

Epstein-Barr Virus and Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurologic disease affecting myelinated nerves in the central nervous system (CNS). The disease often debuts as a clinically isolated syndrome, e.g., optic neuritis (ON), which later develops into relapsing-remitting (RR) MS, with temporal attacks or primary progressive (PP) MS. Characteristic features of MS are inflammatory foci in the CNS and intrathecal synthesis of immunoglobulins (Igs), measured as an IgG index, oligoclonal bands (OCBs), or specific antibody indexes. Major predisposing factors for MS are certain tissue types (e.g., HLA DRB1*15:01), vitamin D d…

Multi-Platform Characterization of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum Metabolome of Patients Affected by Relapsing-Remitting and Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immunemediated disease of the central nervous system with a highly variable clinical presentation and disease progression. In this study, we investigate the metabolomics profile of patients affected by relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS)and primary progressive MS (PPMS), in order to find potential biomarkers to distinguish between the two forms. METHODS: Cerebrospinal Fluid CSF and blood samples of 34 patients (RRMS n = 22, PPMS n = 12) were collected. Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and mass spectrometry (coupled with a gas chromatography and li…

Neurological manifestations of gastrointestinal disorders, with particular reference to the differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.

Neurological manifestations of gastrointestinal disorders are described, with particular reference to those resembling multiple sclerosis (MS) on clinical or MRI grounds. Patients with celiac disease can present cerebellar ataxia, progressive myoclonic ataxia, myelopathy, or cerebral, brainstem and peripheral nerve involvement. Antigliadin antibodies can be found in subjects with neurological dysfunction of unknown cause, particularly in sporadic cerebellar ataxia ("gluten ataxia"). Patients with Whipple's disease can develop mental and psychiatric changes, supranuclear gaze palsy, upper moton…

Апиген как потенциальный модулятор нейроинфламмации в многоразовом склерозе: обзор.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое воспалительное заболевание центральной нервной системы (CNS), характеризующееся нейроинфламмацией и обезвоживанием. Несмотря на то, что в течение последнего десятилетия расширились возможности лечения MS, нынешняя терапия направлена главным образом на периферийные иммунные системы и часто связана со значительными побочными эффектами. Кроме того, эта терапия до сих пор не предлагает решений для последующего нейродегенерации, сопровождающего развитие болезни. Результаты исследований, проведенных с использованием клеточных и животных моделей и исследований

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by neuroinflammation and demyelination. Although treatment options for MS have increased over the past decade, current therapies primarily target the peripheral immune system and are often associated with significant side effects. Moreover, these thera…

В настоящем и будущем моноклональной антителной терапии для множественных склерозов.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание центральной нервной системы, характеризующееся воспалением, обезвоживанием и нейродегенерацией. Прогресс в понимании MS иммунопатогенеза привел к разработке моноклонных антител (MAB), которые нацелены на ключевые иммунные пути, обеспечивая весьма избирательные и эффективные варианты лечения. Утвержденные МВБ, в том числе против CD20, CD25, CD52 и α4-integrin, продемонстрировали высокую эффективность в деле сокращения числа рецидивов, пресечения деятельности МРТ и, в некоторой степени, замедления развития инвалидности. Тем времен

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Advances in understanding MS immunopathogenesis have led to the development of monoclonal antibodies (MABs) that target key immune pathways, providing highly selective and effective treatment options. Appr…

[Hormonal contraception methods and multiple sclerosis].

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease that is diagnosed in women twice as often as in men, especially in groups of family cases and at the age of up to 35 years. Among patients diagnosed with MS, there are many young and middle-aged women who are planning a pregnancy in the future and want to protect themselves from unwanted pregnancy at the present time. Also, for patients with MS, the importance of reducing the frequency of abortions is obvious. The question arises - what drugs are safe, convenient and effective for this group of patients. Moreover, one of the…

Microcirculation disorders of the skin.

Changes in the microcirculation of the skin are a frequently observed accompanying phenomenon of many diseases, far beyond the spectrum of dermatological diseases. Not all of these changes are pathological, many are transient and have no serious consequences. This is true for many inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis vulgaris or atopic eczema. However, there are also diseases in which functionally and morphologically recognizable microangiopathies lead to severe disease consequences. One of the most important diseases in this context is systemic sclerosis, an autoimmune systemic disease wit

Refractory fulminant colitis following ocrelizumab therapy requiring colectomy in a patient with multiple sclerosis.

A woman in her 40s was referred for acute and chronic postprandial abdominal cramps on a background of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis on ocrelizumab therapy as well as coeliac disease on a gluten-free diet, with a family history of ulcerative colitis. Initial colonoscopy demonstrated mild patchy colitis. The patient was trialled on mesalazine, which was ceased due to intolerance. Subsequently, she continued on mercaptopurine monotherapy for management of mild symptoms. Despite this, her symptoms rapidly progressed, with endoscopic and histological evidence of severe rectal-sparing panc…

The physiology of foamy phagocytes in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system characterized by massive infiltration of immune cells, demyelination, and axonal loss. Active MS lesions mainly consist of macrophages and microglia containing abundant intracellular myelin remnants. Initial studies showed that these foamy phagocytes primarily promote MS disease progression by internalizing myelin debris, presenting brain-derived autoantigens, and adopting an inflammatory phenotype. However, more recent studies indicate that phagocytes can also adopt a beneficial phenotype upon myelin internalization. I…

Воздействие подготовки по вопросам прогрессивного сопротивления на сердечно-сосудистые факторы риска для людей с прогрессивным множественным склерозом.

ЦЕЛЬ: Изучение естественных колебаний факторов сердечно-сосудистого риска в течение 16-недельного продленного базового периода и изучение воздействия 16-недельного учебного мероприятия по вопросам прогрессивной устойчивости на факторы сердечно-сосудистого риска у людей, страдающих вторичным прогрессивным множественным склерозом. DESIGN: Вторичный анализ одностороннего неслучайного клинического испытания с расширенным исходным уровнем. Амбулаторные физиотерапевтические и реабилитационные клиники. УЧАСТНИКИ: 30 человек, живущих со средним прогрессивным множественным склерозом (средний возраст, 5

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: To explore the natural fluctuations in cardiovascular risk factors over a 16-week extended baseline period and to investigate the effect of a 16-week progressive resistance training intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in people living with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of a single-arm nonrandomized c…

Декодирование микробиоты Гут в многоразовом склерозе с использованием последовательности нанопор: понимание в зависимости от болезней и подтипов.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание центральной нервной системы (CNS), характеризующееся нейроинфламмацией и нейродегенерацией. Появляющиеся данные связывают кишечную микробиоту дисбиоз с регулированием иммунной дизакции и прогрессированием MS. Хотя на западе страны проводятся обширные исследования, для оценки влияния местных генетических и экологических факторов необходимы исследования по конкретным регионам. В рамках этого исследования изучаются изменения кишечника в микробиоте у египетских пациентов, страдающих синдромом MS, с использованием секвенирования Oxfo

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Emerging evidence links gut microbiota dysbiosis to immune dysregulation and MS progression. While extensive research has been conducted in Western populations, region-specific studies are needed to assess the…

Progressive myelopathy associated with spinal epidural lipomatosis in three non-obese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND: Spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL) is a rare condition defined as pathological overgrowth of the normally present epidural fat within the spinal canal. SEL is associated with Cushing disease, obesity and chronic corticosteroid therapy. Diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) has not known to be a risk factor for SEL. The neurological symptoms of SEL are attributed mainly to mechanical compression on the spinal cord and the cauda equina. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of patients evaluated at NYU Multiple Sclerosis Care Center identified three diabetic patients with progressive myelop…

Extensive grey matter pathology in the cerebellum in multiple sclerosis is linked to inflammation in the subarachnoid space.

AIMS: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive inflammatory neurological disease affecting myelin, neurons and glia. Demyelination and neurodegeneration of cortical grey matter contribute to a more severe disease, and inflammation of the forebrain meninges associates with pathology of the underlying neocortical grey matter, particularly in deep sulci. We assessed the extent of meningeal inflammation of the cerebellum, another structure with a deeply folded anatomy, to better understand the association between subarachnoid inflammation and grey matter pathology in progressive MS. METHODS: We e…

A complex role of herpes viruses in the disease process of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Neither the antigenic target(s) nor the cell population(s) responsible for CNS tissue destruction in MS have been fully defined. The objective of this study was to simultaneously determine the antigen (Ag)-specificity and phenotype of un-manipulated intrathecal CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of patients with relapsing-remitting and progressive MS compared to subjects with other inflammatory neurological diseases. We applied a novel Ag-recognition assay based on co-cultures of freshly obtained cerebrospinal f…

Clinical definition for multiple sclerosis treatment trials.

Clinically, the Schumacher Panel criteria remain the best set of diagnostic criteria. Two subsets therein are definable, i.e., exacerbating- … ons can be prevented in a long-term trial. Most clinicians no longer consider monophasic disease as multiple sclerosis (MS). Depending on clinical extent, such patients are divisible into acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Devic disease, transverse myelopathy, or optic neuritis. Each subgroup could be studied as with an acute exacerbation or in long term as to wh …