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Obesity and Cancer Rehabilitation for Functional Recovery and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Comprehensive Review.

Obesity is a global health challenge with increasing prevalence, and its intricate relationship with cancer has become a critical concern in cancer care. As a result, understanding the multifactorial connections between obesity and breast cancer is imperative for risk stratification, tailored screening, and rehabilitation treatment planning to address long-term survivorship issues. The review follows the SANRA quality criteria and includes an extensive literature search conducted in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus. The biological basis linking obesity and cancer involves complex int

Травматический стресс затронул людей с множественным склерозом во время пандемии SARS-COV-2.

Фон/цели: Травма представляет собой психологическое повреждение в результате тревожного или подавляющего события. Пандемия SARS-COV-2 была разрушительной и травмирующей для многих людей с множественным склерозом (pwMS). Взаимосвязь между характеристиками пациентов и травмами, полученными в ходе пандемии, еще не была тщательно изучена. Цель этого бицентрического перспективного когортного исследования состояла в том, чтобы проанализировать распространенность и развитие вероятного посттравматического стрессового расстройства (ПТСР) среди ПТСР во время пандемии SARS-COV-2 и определить параметры па

Immune System and DNA Repair Defects in Ovarian Cancer: Implications for Locoregional Approaches.

In the last few years, substantial progress has been made in the treatment of ovarian cancer, with increased knowledge about the biology of the disease. Ovarian cancer is a neoplasm strongly linked to defects in DNA repair mechanisms, where deficiency in the homologous recombination (HR) system results in a better response of ovarian cancers to therapy, whether platinum-based chemotherapy, anthracyclines, or poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. More recently, it has been demonstrated that different ovarian cancer histotypes may have different immunogenicity. Interestingly, defects i

A Review of 3D-Printed Medical Devices for Cancer Radiation Therapy.

This review explores the transformative role of three-dimensional (3D) printing in radiation therapy for cancer treatment, emphasizing its potential to deliver patient-specific, cost-effective, and sustainable medical devices. The integration of 3D printing enables rapid fabrication of customized boluses, compensators, immobilization devices, and GRID collimators tailored to individual anatomical and clinical requirements. Comparative analysis reveals that additive manufacturing surpasses conventional machining in design flexibility, lead time reduction, and material efficiency, while offering

Increased Risk of Site-Specific Cancer in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A National Cohort Study.

A retrospective cohort design was used with the objective to evaluate cancer risk among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Lithuania. The cohort was established by identifying all patients with the first diagnosis of T2DM in the National Health Insurance Fund database during 2000-2012. Cancer cases were identified by record linkage with the Lithuanian Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated. Of the 127,290 people that were included, 5959 cases of cancer in men and 6661 cancer cases in women with T2DM were observed. A statistically significant increase

Cancer Patients' Experiences with Telehealth before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in British Columbia.

BackgroundPatients have had their cancer care either postponed or changed to telehealth visits to reduce exposure to COVID-19. However, it is unclear how these changes may have affected their experiences. We aim to identify patient characteristics that affect telehealth experiences and evaluate their preferences for using telehealth in the future.MethodsPatients who completed the Outpatient Cancer Care (OCC) Patient Experience Survey were invited to participate. They comepleted the modified OCC Survey, which focused on telehealth during the pandemic. Linear and logistic regression analyses wer

ESMO expert consensus statements on the screening and management of financial toxicity in patients with cancer.

BackgroundFinancial toxicity, defined as both the objective financial burden and subjective financial distress from a cancer diagnosis and its treatment, is a topic of interest in the assessment of the quality of life of patients with cancer and their families. Current evidence implicates financial toxicity in psychosocial, economic and other harms, leading to suboptimal cancer outcomes along the entire trajectory of diagnosis, treatment, supportive care, survivorship and palliation. This paper presents the results of a virtual consensus, based on the evidence base to date, on the screening an

Digital art therapy for emotional well-being in adults with cancer: A scoping review of digital health interventions.

BackgroundEmotional distress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms are highly prevalent among adults with cancer. Digital art therapy (DAT), encompassing immersive, musical, visual, and narrative digital modalities, has emerged as a potential approach to expand access to creative psychosocial interventions; however, the evidence base remains fragmented and methodologically heterogeneous.ObjectiveThis scoping review aimed to map the characteristics, digital design features, and reported psychosocial outcomes of DAT interventions targeting anxiety and depression in adults with cancer.MethodsA scopin

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… Reductions in negative affect were observed among participants with Type D personality traits (characterized by negative affectivity and social inhibition), although between-group differences were modest and effect sizes were not fully reported. …

Transforming cancer immunotherapy: integration of distinct immune-based approaches as redefined dual immunotherapy with potential third-sensitizer.

This review introduces a paradigm-shifting concept of Dual Distinct Immunotherapy (DDI), which strategically integrates two distinct immunotherapeutic modalities to overcome the limitations of current monotherapies and dual immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combinations. The concept of DDI extends beyond traditional ICI combinations to encompass various innovative pairings: ICIs with oncolytic viruses (OVs), adoptive cell therapies (CAR-T/TIL), cancer vaccines, or cytokine therapies. These combinations demonstrate unique synergistic mechanisms and enhanced therapeutic potential through multi-f

Managing Matajoosh: determinants of first Nations' cancer care decisions.

BackgroundAccessing cancer treatment requires First Nation peoples living in rural and remote communities to either commute to care, or to relocate to an urban centre for the length or part of the treatment. While Canadians living in rural and remote communities must often make difficult decisions following a cancer diagnosis, such decisions are further complicated by the unique policy and socio-historical contexts affecting many First Nation peoples in Canada. These contexts often intersect with negative healthcare experiences which can be related to jurisdictional confusion encountered when

Advance directives in Finnish long-term care: Do sociodemographic characteristics and regional factors matter?

BackgroundAdvance directives (AD) help ensure quality end-of-life care by preventing inappropriate or unwanted treatments. This is particularly important for older people in long-term care (LTC).AimsThis study examines sociodemographic and regional factors associated with the presence of ADs among Finnish round-the-clock LTC residents.MethodsThis retrospective register study included 6,090 Finnish round-the-clock LTC residents aged ⩾65 years who died of chronic progressive diseases in 2019 and had undergone a comprehensive evaluation of health status and care needs using a standardized, intern

Exploring patient perspectives on electronic patient-reported outcome measures in home-based cancer palliative care: A qualitative study.

BackgroundElectronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROMs) enhance symptom management and patients' engagement in palliative cancer care. However, integrating them into this setting brings challenges, including patients' familiarity with technological devices and declining health status. Prioritizing the patient's acceptability and feasibility is crucial for their adoption. However, more knowledge is needed about patients' perspectives on the adoption of ePROMs in the community, especially for home-based palliative care.AimExplore patient viewpoints on utilizing ePROMs for symptom reporting in ho

Facing the COVID-19 pandemic: An Italian feasibility study of a mixed in-person/telerehabilitation intervention for cancer patients.

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic impacted healthcare organizations, necessitating a rapid transition from in-person to virtual care. Our study explored the feasibility of a mixed in-person/telerehabilitation intervention for cancer patients and its effects on cancer-related fatigue (CRF), quality of life (QoL), physical function, patient satisfaction, and perceived usefulness.MethodsTRACE 2020 is an observational prospective study that enrolled adult cancer patients, between January 2021 and March 2023, who were eligible for a rehabilitation program to be provided also in telerehabilitation.

Do people with disabilities experience disparities in cancer care? A systematic review.

BackgroundOver 1.3 billion people, or 16% of the world's population, live with some form of disability. Recent studies have reported that people with disabilities (PwD) might not be receiving state-of-the-art treatment for cancer as their non-disabled peers; our objective was to systematically review this topic.MethodsA systematic review was undertaken to compare cancer outcomes and quality of cancer care between adults with and without disabilities (NIHR Prospero register ID number: CRD42022281506). A search of the literature was performed in July 2022 across five databases: EMBASE, Medline,

Cancer Cure and Consequences on Survivorship Care: Position Paper from the Italian Alliance Against Cancer (ACC) Survivorship Care Working Group.

A multidisciplinary panel of experts and cancer patients developed a position paper to highlight recent evidence on "cancer cure" (ie, the possibility of achieving the same life expectancy as the general population) and discuss the consequences of this concept on follow-up and rehabilitation strategies. The aim is to inform clinicians, patients, and health-care policy makers about strategies of survivorship care for cured cancer patients and consequences impacting patient lives, spurring public health authorities and research organizations to implement resources to the purpose. Two identifiabl

Психологические исследования в области расстройств питания/безпорядкового питания по типу 1 диабет: систематический обзор с использованием модели НГП для разработки поведенческих мер.

АИСЮ: расстройства питания по типу 1 диабет 2.4 Временами больше, чем у тех, у кого нет диабета. Цель заключалась в проведении систематического обзора психологического вмешательства в IRDEB (поведение, связанное с расстройствами питания, связанными с инулином)/поглощающих расстройства у взрослых, имеющих тип 1 диабет. В обзоре описываются тип и качество исследований с группами контроля/сопоставимости, а также качественные исследования и обобщаются результаты исследований в соответствии с моделью развития поведенческих мер, разработанной на этапе НГП. Классификация в соответствии с моделью позв

Machine Learning Meets Cancer.

The role of machine learning (a part of artificial intelligence-AI) in the diagnosis and treatment of various types of oncology is steadily increasing. It is expected that the use of AI in oncology will speed up both diagnostic and treatment planning processes. This review describes recent applications of machine learning in oncology, including medical image analysis, treatment planning, patient survival prognosis, and the synthesis of drugs at the point of care. The fast and reliable analysis of medical images is of great importance in the case of fast-flowing forms of cancer. The introductio

Using Genomic Data in Personalized Oncology Medicine: An Exploratory Expert-Elicitation Study with Narrative Regulatory Mapping of Regulations, Implementations, and Challenges in Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Personalized medicine represents a transformative approach to healthcare in Saudi Arabia. However, a significant research gap exists regarding the specific regulatory, implementation, and practical challenges of integrating genomic data into personalized oncology care in the Saudi context. We aimed to conduct an exploratory assessment of the current regulatory landscape, practices, and challenges related to genomic data use in personalized oncology in Saudi Arabia and to identify regulatory and practical gaps, propose actionable solutions, and outline future directions f

HIV infection in the elderly.

In the US, an estimated 1 million people are infected with HIV, although one-third of this population are unaware of their diagnosis. While HIV infection is commonly thought to affect younger adults, there are an increasing number of patients over 50 years of age living with the condition. UNAIDS and WHO estimate that of the 40 million people living with HIV/AIDS in the world, approximately 2.8 million are 50 years and older. With the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the mid-1990s, survival following HIV diagnosis has risen dramatically and HIV infection has evol

A Case of Autoimmune Hepatitis Initially Manifesting as Hepatic Encephalopathy.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a T-cell-mediated liver disease characterized by elevated transaminases, circulating autoantibodies, hypergammaglobulinemia, and interface hepatitis. A 66-year-old female patient visited our department due to recurrent episodes of altered consciousness, sleep-wake inversion, and asterixis, indicating hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Her liver biopsy results clearly demonstrated interface hepatitis. The patient's severe HE does not parallel her relatively stable liver function and was attributed to a wide retroperitoneal collateral vein shunting blood directly into the