Результаты поиска

Recombinant human erythropoietin in the treatment of human brain disease: focus on cognition.

Treatment of human brain disease with erythropoietin (EPO) in order to achieve neuroprotection and/or neuroregeneration represents a totally … neuroregenerative strategy for a chronic brain disease. An exploratory trial in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis as an example of an inflammatory disease of the nervous system yielded first positive results of EPO treatment on both motor function and cognition. These promising results are just the beginning and will hopefully stimulate further work along these …

Сипонимо ингибирует связанные с болезнью микроглиа-Т взаимодействие клеток в хронической экспериментальной аутоиммунной энцефаломиэлите.

Хронически воспламененный, реактивный микроглиа представляет собой одну из характерных черт вторичного прогрессивного множественного склероза (СПМС). Особенно их взаимодействие с энцефалитогенными Т клетками приводит к нейроаксональному повреждению, связанному с развитием болезни. В нашем исследовании мы стремились изучить потенциал сипонимода, фосфатного модулятора фингозина-1, который был утвержден для лечения активных СМПС, для подавления связанных с болезнями связей между клетками и микроглией с использованием хронической экспериментальной аутоиммунной энцефаломиелита (EAE) модели MS. Мы о

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Chronically inflamed, reactive microglia represent a prominent feature of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Especially their interplay with encephalitogenic T cells promotes neuroaxonal damage associated with disease progression. In our study, we aimed to explore the potential of siponimod, a sphingosine-1-phosphate modulator approved for the …

A Case Report of a Giant Renal Angiomyolipoma Complicated by Perinephric Hematoma in a Patient With Tuberous Sclerosis.

Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder where pathogenic variants cause overactivation of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, leading to tumor formation. These benign tumors, or hamartomas, occur in multiple organs, including the brain, skin, eyes, kidneys, lungs, and liver. Renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) occur frequently in TSC and are highly vascular tumors primarily composed of blood vessels, smooth muscle, and mature adipose tissue. Renal AMLs greater than 10 cm are rarely seen and are considered "giant" AMLs. Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, is a treatment option t

Dimethyl Fumarate, But Not Rituximab, Reduces Serum GFAP Levels and PIRMA in Relapsing-Remitting MS.

OBJECTIVE: Serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) levels are believed to reflect mainly acute and chronic disease processes in multiple sclerosis (MS), respectively. In this study, we investigated whether dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and rituximab (RTX) differentially affect these biomarkers. METHODS: RIFUND-MS was a 2-year, rater-blinded, 1:1 randomized controlled multicenter trial comparing DMF and RTX in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Serum samples for analysis of sNFL and sGFAP were collected at baseline and 0, 6, 12 and 24. Log-trans…

Putative Tissue-Based Biomarkers of Male Genital Lichen Sclerosus-A Systematic Literature Review.

Male genital lichen sclerosis (mGLS) is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease with potential complications including urethral strictures and penile cancer. Despite its clinical significance, the molecular mechanisms underlying mGLS remain poorly understood, and male-specific data are limited. This systematic review consolidates current evidence on tissue-based gene and protein expression in mGLS, aiming to identify commonly investigated biomarkers and highlight gaps in the literature. Using the JBI Sumari interface, our research strategy identified a total of 24 studies with considerable

Иммунологическая микроокружающая среда и целевая терапия при множественном склерозе: новые знания в перекрестных контактах между иммунными нишами и СНС.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое аутоиммунное расстройство центральной нервной системы (CNS), которое в основном затрагивает молодых людей. Вместе с тем нынешняя медикаментозная терапия, направленная на изменение болезней, демонстрирует ограниченную эффективность в борьбе с подтипами прогрессивных заболеваний, что подчеркивает настоятельную необходимость разработки новых терапевтических стратегий. Здесь мы систематически проверяем нейроиммунные взаимодействия, лежащие в основе патогенеза MS, с уделением особого внимания трем ключевым аспектам: иммунная ниша, типы иммунных клеток и тера

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that predominantly affects young adults. However, current disease-modifying therapies demonstrate limited efficacy in addressing progressive disease subtypes, underscoring the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we systematically review the neuroimmun…

Polarized Macrophages and Their Exosomes: Implications for Autoimmune and Immune-Mediated Diseases.

Autoimmune diseases result from dysregulated immune responses that mistakenly attack the body's own tissues, causing chronic inflammation an … rived exosomes support tissue repair and immune regulation. Studies in rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, and psoriasis highlight their dual roles in pathology and resolution. In addition, macrophage exosomes can be engineered to deliver targeted therapeutic molecules, offering cell-free interventions with a …

Progressive Elevation of Store-Operated Calcium Entry-Associated Regulatory Factor (SARAF) and Calcium Pathway Dysregulation in Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by demyelination and neuronal damage in the central nervous system. Dysregulation of calcium homeostasis, particularly through the Store-Operated Calcium Entry-Associated Regulatory Factor (SARAF), has been implicated in MS pathogenesis. This study investigated SARAF, STIM1, and Orai1 expression patterns and their relationship to calcium homeostasis in 45 Bahraini MS patients and 45 matched healthy controls using ELISA and real-time PCR analyses. MS patients showed significantly elevated serum SARAF levels in both early (19…

Neuropathogenesis of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus infection, an animal model for multiple sclerosis.

Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infection of mice is an experimental model for multiple sclerosis (MS). TMEV induces a biphasic disease in susceptible mouse strains. During the acute phase, 1 week after infection, TMEV causes polioencephalomyelitis characterized by infection and apoptosis of neurons in the gray matter of the brain. During the chronic phase, about 1 month after infection, virus infects glial cells and macrophages, and induces inflammatory demyelination with oligodendrocyte apoptosis and axonal degeneration in the white matter of the spinal cord. Although antibod…

Astrocytic beta2-adrenergic receptors and multiple sclerosis.

Despite intensive research, the cause and a cure of multiple sclerosis (MS) have remained elusive and many aspects of the pathogenesis are not understood. Immunohistochemical experiments have shown that astrocytic beta(2)-adrenergic receptors are lost in MS. Because norepinephrine mediates important supportive and protective actions of astrocytes via activation of these beta(2)-adrenergic receptors, we postulate that this abnormality may play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of MS. First, it may allow astrocytes to act as facultative antigen-presenting cells, thereby initiating T-cell medi…

Increased levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the cerebrospinal fluid and sera of patients with multiple sclerosis and human T lymphotropic virus type-1-associated myelopathy.

We evaluated the relationship between the soluble form of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and disease activity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) or with human T lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy (HAM), and measured levels of sVCAM-1 in their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and sera. Serum and CSF levels of sVCAM-1 were significantly increased in patients with acute relapsing MS during an exacerbation (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001), as well as in chronic progressive MS (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001), compared with healthy individuals and patients with other neurological diseases,…

Soluble E-selectin in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis and human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy.

To evaluate the activation of endothelial cells of the brain and the spinal cord, we investigated the presence of soluble endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (sE-selectin) in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and those with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy (HAM). There were significantly higher levels of sE-selectin found in the serum of patients with relapsing-remitting MS during an exacerbation (p < 0.001) and those with chronic progressive MS (p < 0.01) compared with controls. Serum levels of sE-selectin in patients…

Imbalance in T cell subsets in human diseases.

T cell subsets have been evaluated in 232 patients with various immunological diseases and 41 normal individuals used as a control group. An increase in the helper/suppressor ratio (OKT4:OKT8) was often noted in multiple sclerosis (acute attacks and progressive forms), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (without steroids), membranous and IgA-deposit glomerulonephritis, HBs-negative chronic active hepatitis, lepromatous patients with erythema nodosum, and myasthenia gravis. Ratios were usually normal in membranoproliferative nephritis, in lupus erythematosus (at least in steroid treated cases) and in …

Pontine autosomal dominant microangiopathy with leukoencephalopathy in a Hispanic man without a family history.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of pontine autosomal dominant microangiopathy with leukoencephalopathy (PADMAL), a rare COL4A1-related cerebra … ord lesion. Despite repeated CSF analyses lacking inflammatory markers, he was treated for presumed multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory etiologies and continued to experience neurologic decline despite immunosuppressive therapies. Genetic testing identified a heterozygous pathogenic COL4A1 3' untranslated region variant (c.*31G>T), confirming the diagnosis of …

Central Nervous System Demyelination and Remyelination is Independent from Systemic Cholesterol Level in Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis.

High dietary fat and/or cholesterol intake is a risk factor for multiple diseases and has been debated for multiple sclerosis. However, cholesterol biosynthesis is a key pathway during myelination and disturbances are described in demyelinating diseases. To address the possible interaction of dyslipidemia and demyelination, cholesterol biosynthesis gene expression, composition of the body's major lipid repositories and Paigen diet-induced, systemic hypercholesterolemia were examined in Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis (TME) using histology, immunohistochemistry, serum clinical chemistry, mic…

Paramagnetic iron rim lesions as a prognostic factor for disability progression in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Chronic inflammation is a key driver of disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). Paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), which correspond to imaging markers of chronic active lesions (CALs), have emerged as candidate biomarkers of disease severity. Although associated with progression, the current evidence is limited by small sample sizes, short follow-up periods, and incomplete adjustment for confounding factors. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether PRLs detected by susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), filtered phase, or quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) using 3T or 7T MR…

Профилирование основанных на крови нейронных биомаркеров и цитокинов в экспериментальной аутоиммунной энцефаломиелитной модели множественного склероза с использованием технологии одномолекулярной арреи.

Экспериментальный аутоиммунный энцефаломиелит (EAE) — предклиническая животная модель, широко используемая для изучения множественного склероза (MS). Кровавые аналиты, включая цитокины и нейронные биомаркеры, являются предвестниками нейродегенерации, активности заболеваний и инвалидности у пациентов с MS. Однако недооцененные спутанные факторы приводят к вариациям в отчетах об ЭССХ между животными штаммами/исследованиями, ограничивая полезность этих биомаркеров для прогнозирования активности заболеваний. В ходе этого исследования мы изучили кровеносные аналитные профили, включая нейронные марк

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a preclinical animal model widely used to study multiple sclerosis (MS). Blood-based analytes, including cytokines and neural biomarkers are the predictors of neurodegeneration, disease activity, and disability in patients with MS. However, understudied confounding factors cause variation in reports on EAE a…

Anti-aging and Anti-inflammatory Dietary Interventions in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic sex-biased (3♀:1♂) immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Disease-modifying therapies targeting the peripheral immune cells efficiently limit relapses in early MS but cannot abrogate the chronic progressive component of the disease. The exact cause of MS remains elusive but interactions between predisposing genetic and environmental risk factors result in aberrant activation of pro-inflammatory immune cells targeting the CNS, leading to the formation of multifocal demyelinating lesions in the brain and spinal cord. MS-rel…

Shifts in immunometabolism in autoimmune diseases.

The immune system targets its own tissues in autoimmune disorders, chronic inflammatory syndromes that cause progressive damage and organ dysfunction. Psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus are amongst the conditions that are fuelled by excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and Interleukin 17 (IL-17), as well as aberrant immune activation. Immunometabolism refers to the study of how metabolic pathways control immune cell activity and is associated with autoimmunity. The me…

Neuroinflammation and Mental Health in Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Encephalitis: Bridging Biological Mechanisms and Psychosocial Factors.

Autoimmune neuroinflammatory diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and autoimmune encephalitis (AE), are characterized by dysregulated immune activity within the central nervous system that leads to both neurological and psychiatric symptoms. While MS is typically a chronic condition indicated by demyelination and progressive neurodegeneration, AE often presents more acutely through antibody-mediated disruption of synaptic function. Despite differences in disease course and mechanisms, both conditions highlight the significant impact of immune-mediated processes on cognition, mood, and b…