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Electron transfer-driven ultrathin nanozyme synergizes with nucleic acid amplification for bladder cancer screening.

MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is a key bladder cancer diagnostic biomarker, but its ultra-low abundance and matrix interference in clinical samples impede accurate detection. Herein, we developed a sensitive electrochemical biosensor integrating CHA-HCR cascade amplification with oxygen vacancy (OVac)-rich ultra-thin core-shell Au@MnO2 nanozymes for clinical miR-21 detection. The Au@MnO2 exhibited excellent oxidase-mimicking activity: δ-MnO2 shell OVac form efficient electron transfer pathways (reducing environmental sensitivity), while the Au core accelerates electron transfer, synergistically enhanci

Disulfide-crosslinked triblock polyampholyte vesicles as a reducible platform for polyplex-based nucleic acid delivery.

Polyion complex (PIC) vesicles are attractive carriers for mRNA delivery, yet their assembly is often compromised by charged cargos that disrupt the electrostatic interactions required for vesicle formation. Here, we report triblock polyampholyte vesicles (TBPVs) that encode preferential polymer-polymer interactions, enabling robust vesicle assembly independent of cargo-mediated disruption. Constructed from poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(L-lysine)-b-poly(aspartic acid) copolymers, TBPVs encapsulate both free mRNA and pre-condensed mRNA polyplexes while preserving vesicle integrity. Notably, the

A solid-state heater-imager for quantitative evaluation of colorimetric isothermal nucleic acid amplification on paper.

Maintaining precise isothermal conditions in portable nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) is critical for reproducible results but remains challenging with conventional single-sided thin-film heaters, which exhibit temperature gradients and strong dependence on ambient conditions. To close this gap, we engineered ThermiQuant™ VitroMini, a dual-sided heater design that achieves volumetric-level temperature uniformity using thin-film heaters while preserving optical transparency for real-time colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) analysis on microfluidic paper-based ana

Locked nucleic acid (LNA) based PCR approach for the diagnosis and screening of spinal muscular atrophy.

Background and objectives Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder most often caused by homozygous deletion of exon 7 in the SMN1 gene. Current guidelines recommend initial testing of SMN1 exon 7, with additional analyses if no deletions are found. Commercial kits are typically probe-based; however, LNA (locked nucleic acid)-modified primers provide high sensitivity and specificity at lower cost. We aimed to develop an LNA-based assay for the diagnosis and screening of SMA. Methods Peripheral blood samples (2 mL) were collected from 31 patients diagnosed with SMA, 37 co

An Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Biosensor for Nucleic Acid Detection Based on Silver Nanoflower-Stem-Loop Probes.

Nucleic acids are critical biomarkers that provide essential information throughout disease progression, making their detection critical to early diagnosis of both infectious and non-infectious diseases. However, existing detection methods, including classical analytical techniques and even most reported biosensors, are often constrained by complex procedures, high costs, and limited sensitivity, with the majority operating at the femtomolar level and failing to achieve single-molecule detection needed for early-stage diagnosis. Here, we report an electrochemical biosensor based on silver nano…

Микрофлюидовое устройство с приводом на пальчик для удаления нуклеиновой кислоты в точке, свободной от ячеек.

Своевременное и точное извлечение нуклеиновой кислоты является одним из важнейших узких мест в молекулярной диагностике, особенно в случае нуклеиновых кислот, свободных от ячеек (ДНК, РНК, миРНК), в плазме. Мы представляем полностью управляемое пальцем микрофлюидовое устройство для беспечного, беспилотного, нуклеинового экстракции кислот. Прототип устройства интегрирует клапаны с приводом пальца, насос и волдырное хранилище реагента, обеспечивая полный, интуитивный, "выборочный" рабочий поток, включая лиз, связывание, промывку и отключение с помощью ручного приведения в действие примерно через

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Timely and accurate nucleic acid extraction is a critical bottleneck in point-of-care (POC) molecular diagnostics, particularly for low-abundance cell-free nucleic acids (DNA, RNA, miRNA) in plasma. We present a fully finger-actuated microfluidic device for power-free, pipette-free, nucleic acid extraction. The prototype device integrates finger-actuated val…

Performance evaluation of GenXplore q4800: a novel open-platform automated nucleic acid testing system.

The emergence of diverse infectious diseases has led to the development of numerous molecular diagnostic kits for pathogen detection. These nucleic acid testing kits are typically categorized as manual or automated, with most automated kits requiring proprietary instruments, thereby limiting flexibility. GenXplore q4800 is a newly developed, open-platform, fully automated nucleic acid testing system designed to be compatible with a wide range of manual testing kits from different manufacturers. In this study, we evaluated the analytical and clinical performance of the GenXplore q4800 using man

Locked Nucleic Acid and Minor Groove Binder Probes Improve the Specificity of Isothermal Amplification Detection.

Isothermal amplification reactions have diverse applications in molecular diagnostics, point-of-care detection, and synthesis of nucleic acids. Isothermal amplification techniques eliminate the need for temperature cycling and the related equipment. However, a common issue of isothermal amplification is the formation of nonspecific amplification byproducts that cause false-positive detection. We report here the development and design principles of sequence-specific minor groove binder (MGB) and locked nucleic acid (LNA) probes, which significantly improve the detection specificity. We show an …

Nucleic acid amplification tests for Yersinia pestis detection: A comprehensive technical and field-oriented review.

Plague, caused by Yersinia pestis, remains a highly fatal zoonosis with endemic foci on three continents. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is essential for patient survival and outbreak containment. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) have evolved from conventional PCR to real-time PCR, isothermal methods (LAMP, RPA), droplet digital PCR, and CRISPR-based platforms. This 5000-word review provides an in-depth technical comparison of these technologies, their analytical performance (limit of detection [LoD], sensitivity, specificity), clinical validation in human specimens, environmental and ve

Design of a Fully Automatic Nucleic Acid Detection Device and Its Application in Cronobacter sakazakii Detection.

Nucleic acid testing is increasingly being utilized in the detection of foodborne pathogens. The implementation of fully automated and enclosed nucleic acid testing systems has the potential to significantly reduce manual labor and testing time for operators. Therefore, the development of such systems has become a focal point in current research. In this study, the focus is on addressing how to achieve fully automated detection at low cost. The research is primarily centered on the design of key functional modules required for the detection process including nucleic acid extraction, heating, a

A fully integrated microfluidic cartridge for rapid and ultrasensitive nucleic acid detection from oropharyngeal swabs.

Rapid and accurate molecular diagnostics are crucial for preventing the global spread of emerging infectious diseases. However, the current gold standard for nucleic acid detection, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), relies heavily on traditional magnetic beads or silica membranes for nucleic acid extraction, resulting in several limitations, including time-consuming processes, the need for trained personnel, and complex equipment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for fully integrated nucleic acid detection technologies that are simple to operate, rapid, and highly sen

Landscape of small nucleic acid therapeutics: moving from the bench to the clinic as next-generation medicines.

The ability of small nucleic acids to modulate gene expression via a range of processes has been widely explored. Compared with conventional treatments, small nucleic acid therapeutics have the potential to achieve long-lasting or even curative effects via gene editing. As a result of recent technological advances, efficient small nucleic acid delivery for therapeutic and biomedical applications has been achieved, accelerating their clinical translation. Here, we review the increasing number of small nucleic acid therapeutic classes and the most common chemical modifications and delivery platf…

Photo-induced multiple charge transfer resonance of Ce-MOF for SERS detection of nucleic acid.

BACKGROUND: Sensitive and accurate detection of important cancer markers MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is critical to prevent and treat disease. Among many detection techniques, surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) has attracted much attention due to its advantages such as narrow spectral peak, low interference and non-destructive detection. Interestingly, non-noble metal SERS substrates show good prospects due to their outstanding spectral reproducibility and biocompatibility. However, the low SERS sensitivity of non-noble metal substrates also limited their detection performance. Therefore, it is cr

Mismatch-sensitive DNA hybridization controlled by inchworm-type peptide nucleic acid-PEG conjugates.

The duplex-forming behavior of an inchworm-type PNA-PEG conjugate (i-PPc), engineered for the selective recognition of point mutations in DNA, was assessed through thermodynamic analysis employing UV melting curves and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The i-PPc demonstrated the ability to form stable duplexes exclusively with fully complementary DNA sequences, while no hybridization with single-base mismatched sequences. This binary on/off hybridization behavior was maintained even under physiologically relevant conditions (37 °C), thereby illustrating the exceptional point mutation discrimina

Protection of Framework Nucleic Acid Complexes via Regulating Ferroptosis on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

The pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a complex process involving multiple pathophysiological mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis. Therefore, MIRI continues to pose a significant obstacle in cardiovascular therapy. Curcumin (Cur), a natural polyphenolic compound with potent antioxidant and antiferroptosis properties, has therapeutic potential but is poorly soluble, unstable, and has low bioavailability. To address these issues, a tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA) piggybacked Cur (tFNA-Cur) drug delivery syste

Tunable control of Cas12 activity promotes universal and fast one-pot nucleic acid detection.

The CRISPR-based detection methods have been widely applied, yet they remain limited by the non-universal nature of one-pot diagnostic approaches. Here, we report a universal one-pot fluorescent method for the detection of epidemic pathogens, delivering results within 15-20 min. This method uses heparin sodium to precisely tunes the cis-cleavage capability of Cas12 via interference with the Cas12a-crRNA binding process, thereby generating significant fluorescence due to the accumulation of isothermal amplification products. Additionally, this universal assay accommodates both classic and subop

A multi-omics analysis of viral nucleic acid poly(I:C) responses to mammalian testicular stimulation.

The male reproductive system has a standard immune response regulatory mechanism, However, a variety of external stimuli, including viruses, bacteria, heat, and medications can damage the testicles and cause orchitis and epididymitis. It has been shown that various RNA viruses are more likely to infect the testis than DNA viruses, inducing orchitis and impairing testicular function. It was found that local injection of the viral RNA analog poly(I:C) into the testes markedly disrupted the structure of the seminiferous tubules, accompanied by apoptosis and inflammation. Poly(I:C) mainly inhibite

A novel tetrahedral framework nucleic acid-derived chemodynamic therapy agent for effective glioblastoma treatment.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) has garnered significant attention for treating diverse malignant tumours due to its minimally invasive nature, reduced damage to healthy tissues, and potential mitigation of side effects. However, its application in glioblastoma (GBM) is hindered by the diminished capacity of CDT agents to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB), inadequate tumour targeting efficiency, and restricted availability of H2O2 within the tumour microenvironment (TME). To address these challenges, we devised a novel CDT agent (Fe@tFNAs-ANG-3AT) based on a tetrahedral framework nucleic acids…

Targeting strategies with lipid vectors for nucleic acid supplementation therapy in Fabry disease: a systematic review.

Fabry disease (FD) results from a lack of activity of the lysosomal enzyme α-Galactosidase A (α-Gal A), leading to the accumulation of glycosphingolipids in several different cell types. Protein supplementation by pDNA or mRNA delivery presents a promising strategy to tackle the underlying genetic defect in FD. Protein-coding nucleic acids in FD can be either delivered to the most affected sites by the disease, including heart, kidney and brain, or to specialized organs that can act as a production factory of the enzyme, such as the liver. Lipid-based systems are currently at the top of the ra…

Evaluation of assays for nucleic acid testing for the prevention of chikungunya and dengue virus transmission by blood transfusion.

BACKGROUND: The large dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) outbreaks observed during the last decade across the world, as well as local transmissions in non-endemic areas are a growing concern for blood safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the sensitivity of nucleic acid tests (NAT) detecting DENV and CHIKV RNA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using DENV 1 to 4 International Standards, the limits of detection (LODs) calculated by probit analysis of two NAT assays; the cobas CHIKV/DENV assay (Roche Diagnostics) and the Procleix Dengue Virus Assay (Grifols) were compared. In additi