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Randomized cluster trial of a parenting program in Chile: Key mediators in the decrease in behavior problems in preschool children.

BACKGROUND: Parenting training is a proven strategy for the promotion of positive parenting practices and for the prevention and treatment o … ffects observed in the reduction of child behavior problems during the program. CONCLUSION: Within Chilean families, harsh discipline, physical punishment, and parental inconsistency are important aspects to be considered in the implementation of universal parenting training programs.

Острые острые респираторные инфекции (САРИ) от гриппа у взрослых пациентов в Чили: опыт госпиталя-сторожа.

ЦЕЛЬ: 1) описать клинические характеристики взрослых пациентов в Чили с острыми острыми респираторными инфекциями (САРИ), связанными с вирусами гриппа, и 2) проанализировать подтипы вирусов, выявленные в образцах, собранных у этих пациентов, больничные ресурсы, используемые для клинического управления, клиническая эволюция и факторы риска, связанные со смертельным исходом, с использованием данных наблюдений, полученных с помощью сети наблюдения SARI (SARInet).МЕТОДЫ: Взрослые, госпитализированные в период с 1 июля 2011 года по 31 декабря 2015 года с вирусом гриппа в госпитале наблюдения SARI в

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: To 1) describe clinical characteristics of adult patients in Chile with severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) associated with influenza viruses, and 2) analyze virus subtypes identified in specimens collected from those patients, hospital resources used in clinical management, clinical evolution, and risk factors associated with a fatal outco…

From Agricultural to Household Pest: The Case of the Painted Bug Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in Chile.

Bagrada hilaris is an invasive stink bug present in Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, and recently found in Chile, South America. Painted bug is well known as an agricultural pest, attacking mostly Brassicaceae. First records of the painted bug B. hilaris invading homes are given from Chile, from the Metropolitan, and Valparaiso Regions, including mild and heavily infested homes. In addition, the first case ever of an adventitious bite in a human being by this species is provided and described. Additionally, first alleged cases of occupational allergy are also mentioned. The possible reason…

Successful initial experience with a novel outpatient total hip arthroplasty program in a public health system in Chile.

PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to assess the first experience with outpatient total hip arthroplasty (THA) in a public health environment in Chile. METHODS: Prospective series of the first 69 patients/72 hips. Surgery was performed in a public university-affiliated hospital. The patients were 64 (31-84) years old and healthy (ASA I-II) candidates for a primary hip arthroplasty. RESULTS: The outpatient track had 52.2% of arthroplasty candidates included and 94.4% (68/72 hips) were successfully discharged the same day. There were no emergency room visits during the first week after …

Development of mobile technologies for the prevention of cervical cancer in Santiago, Chile study protocol: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: In Chile, more than 500 women die every year from cervical cancer, and a majority of Chilean women are not up-to-date with their Papanicolau (Pap) test. Mobile health has great potential in many health areas, particularly in health promotion and prevention. There are no randomized controlled trials in Latin America assessing its use in cervical cancer screening. The 'Development of Mobile Technologies for the Prevention of Cervical Cancer in Santiago, Chile' study aims to determine the efficacy of a text-message intervention on Pap test adherence among Chilean women in the metropol…

[Prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B virus and Treponema pallidum in inmates in the Preventive Detention Center of Arica, Chile].

BACKGROUND: The risk groups for sexual transmitted diseases (STDs) are sex workers, drug addicts, young people in early sexual initiation, and population in prison. AIM: To determine the prevalence of HIV, Treponema pallidum and hepatitis B Virus (HBV) in male inmates at the Preventive Detention Center (CDP) of Arica. METHODS: The study was conducted in 140 inmates, with informed consent. Epidemiological survey and blood sampling was conducted. The positive tests were sent to the Hospital Regional of Arica for confirmation and the National Reference Laboratory for confirmation. RESULTS: STD

Relation of depression with health behaviors and social conditions of dependent community-dwelling older persons in the Republic of Chile.

BACKGROUND: Depressive symptoms are a leading cause of disability and emotional suffering, particularly in old age. However, evidence on depression and old age in developing countries remains largely ignored. The aim of this study was to examine the relation between health behavior and social conditions with depression among dependent community-dwelling older persons in the Republic of Chile. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and inferential study, using nationally representative secondary data. Two models used logistic regression on 640 dependent community-dwelling older persons from all ov…

Subjective Wellbeing and Levels of Clinical Symptomatology in a Transwomen Sample and Men Who Have Sex With Men in Chile.

This article examines the levels of subjective wellbeing (psychological and social wellbeing, subjective happiness, and satisfaction with life) and clinical symptomatology (anxiety, depression, somatization, hostility, and phobic anxiety) in a transwomen sample (n = 112). The sample was recruited through a snowball procedure in Chile (Santiago, Valparaíso, and Arica). Data obtained are compared to those from a group of men who have sex with men (MSM; n = 323). Results reveal statistically significant differences in the levels of happiness (t(157) = 2.16; p = .03; d = .25), satisfaction with li…

FMR1 gene mutations in patients with fragile X syndrome and obligate carriers: 30 years of experience in Chile.

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common form of inherited intellectual disability (ID) and co-morbid autism. It is caused by an amplific … 45 repeats have a normal FMR1 gene. We report the occurrence of CGG expansions of the FMR1 gene in Chile among patients with ID and families with a known history of FXS. Here, we present a retrospective review conducted on 2321 cases (2202 probands and 119 relatives) referred for FXS diagnosis and cascade screening at the Institute of Nutrition and Foo …

Thoracic aortic aneurysm in a pre-Columbian (210 BC) inhabitant of Northern Chile: Implications for the origins of syphilis.

The aim of this work is to report a probable first case of a thoracic aortic aneurysm in the remains of a pre-Columbian individual from South America and to explore the relationship of this case to the only other paleopathological case previously described. We also consider the implications of both cases for the origins of syphilis. This study is based on the macroscopical analysis of human remains recovered during excavation of the Chiu Chiu 273 prehistoric cemetery, in the Antofagasta Region of Northern Chile. Ceramic sherds from the grave have a thermoluminescence date of 2160±100 A.P. or 2…

One Health in Practice: A Pilot Project for Integrated Care of Zoonotic Infections in Immunocompromised Children and Their Pets in Chile.

Although pets provide physiological and psychological benefits to their owners, they are a potential source of zoonotic infections, especially for vulnerable individuals such as immunocompromised patients. During 1 year, we therefore performed a pilot project, which included 32 immunocompromised Chilean children and their family pets (35 dogs and 9 cats) with the aim of detecting, treating and preventing zoonotic infections. Children were examined by Infectious Diseases paediatricians and demographical and clinical information related to zoonotic infections were recorded. Pets were examined an…

Multiple exposures to airborne pollutants and hospital admissions due to diseases of the circulatory system in Santiago de Chile.

BACKGROUND: High concentrations of various air pollutants have been associated with hospitalization due to development and exacerbation of cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess associations between airborne exposures by particulate matter as well as gaseous air pollutants and hospital admissions due to different cardiovascular disease groups in Santiago de Chile. METHODS: The study was performed in the metropolitan area of Santiago de Chile during 2004-2007. We applied a time-stratified case-crossover analysis taking temporal variation, meteorological conditions and autocor…

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Chile: a review of 207 consecutive adult cases by a panel of five expert hematopathologists.

The distribution of subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in Latin America is not well known. This Chilean study included 207 consecutive cases of NHL diagnosed at five cancer centers in the capital, Santiago, and one center in Viña del Mar. All cases were reviewed and classified independently by five expert hematopathologists according to the 2001 World Health Organization classification of NHL. A consensus diagnosis of NHL was reached in 195 of the 207 cases (94%). B-cell lymphomas constituted 88% of NHL, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL, 38.5%) and follicular lymphoma (25.1%) were …

[Lymphomas and HIV infection in a reference hospital of Santiago, Chile: 1990-2002: report of 14 cases and review].

UNLABELLED: The association of HIV infection and lymphoma in patients attending at the South Health Metropolitan Reference Centre is presented. OBJECTIVE: To analyse its incidence, clinical and pathologic manifestations, treatment and outcome. PERIOD OF STUDY: January 1990 to December 2002. RESULTS: 14 cases were detected, 10 non Hodgkin lymphoma patients (7 with high malignancy and 50% in stages III-IVB) and 4 with Hodgkin lymphoma (3 with mixed cellularity, 2 in stage IVB). The annual incidence was 0.68%. Ten patients were classified under stage C3 of AIDS CDC criteria, the mean CD4 count

Effects of pulp and paper mill effluents on the microplankton and microbial self-purification capabilities of the Biobío River, Chile.

Most studies focus on the ecotoxicity of pulp and paper mill effluents, rather than on how they affect the physicochemical and biological structure and the intrinsic ecological capabilities of the receiving watercourses. We investigated the impact of such effluents on the water quality, microplankton system and microbial self-purification capacity (degradation of polymeric organic compounds via extracellular enzymes) of the Biobío River in Chile. The physicochemical impact on the water quality was indicated by raised conductivity, by the pollution of the water body with nitrate, nitrite and so…

[Immunophenotype. Clinical and laboratory features of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in Chile. Study of 500 children and 131 adults].

We describe the clinical features and immunophenotype of 500 children and 131 adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), diagnosed between 1984 and 1993. Cases were classified, according to immunophenotype in B-cell ALL with three subtypes (pro-B or null, common and B) and T-cell ALL. Among children, common ALL accounted for 74% of cases and pro-B all was more common in children of less than one year (14%). B ALL was observed in 2% of children. Ten percent of children, mostly males, had T-cell ALL. The third part of these children had high leukocyte counts and a mediastinal mass. Children

On the limited utility of KAP-style survey data in the practical epidemiology of AIDS, with reference to the AIDS epidemic in Chile.

Population surveys concerning 'risk behaviours' thought to be related to the AIDS epidemic are many. Nevertheless, unfocused inquiry into diffuse behaviours in undifferentiated populations is not productive in low-seroprevalence populations, especially when the point is to design some form of intervention that might actually avert further infection. This is because of a failure to distinguish conceptually between the relevance of AIDS-related behavioural data for individuals and for populations. An illustration is drawn from the AIDS epidemic in Santiago, Chile, and an alternative perspective,…

The incidence of injuries in young people: I. Methodology and results of a collaborative study in Brazil, Chile, Cuba and Venezuela.

Injuries and accidents are acknowledged as leading causes of mortality among children and adolescents in the developing countries of the world. However, little is known of the extent of non-fatal injuries and of their potential risk factors. The Pan American Health Organization sponsored the first collaborative study to examine morbidity incidence in specified areas of four selected countries in Latin America, and to test the feasibility and practicality of the developed methodology for application in other regions of the world. The study subjects were injured children and adolescents (0-19 ye

Associations between occupational trajectories at ages 35-55 and later-life cognition in older adults in Chile.

OBJECTIVES: As global rates of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) increase, understanding the factors that contribute to cognitive aging is crucial. This study examined the association between occupational skill trajectories between ages 35 and 55 and cognitive function among older Chilean adults aged 60 and above. It explored how different patterns of occupational trajectories relate to cognitive performance. METHODS: The analysis used data from the Chile-Cog study, which applied the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) to a nationally representative sample of Chi…

First nationwide full-genome characterisation of human-derived Andes virus in Chile: a retrospective genomic epidemiology study.

BACKGROUND: Andes virus (ANDV) is the only hantavirus known to transmit between humans and causes hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in Chile and Argentina. In Chile, ANDV genomic diversity remains incompletely characterised. This study aimed to characterise the genetic diversity, geographical structure, and molecular signatures of ANDV using human clinical samples collected over a 13-year period (2011-24). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective genomic epidemiology study of ANDV infections in Chile. Clinical samples from patients with confirmed ANDV, collected between March 9, 2011, and June…