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Case Report: Case of subacute combiled deгенерация спинного мозга в связи с хроническим атрофическим гастритом, макроцитической анемией и положительными антисульфатидом IgM и IgG антителами.

Антисульфатидные антитела являются автоантиорганизмами, связанными с различными неврологическими расстройствами. Они были выявлены в нескольких условиях, включая синдром Гильен-Барре, множественный склероз и хронический подстрекательский демиелинизирующий полинропат. Субакустическое комбинированное дегенерирование спинного мозга вызвано главным образом дефицитом витамина В12. Хроническая атрофическая гастритис — сложное состояние, характеризующееся атрофацией и воспалением желудочно-кишечной слизи. На сегодняшний день не было зарегистрировано ни одного случая, когда пациенты с субакутальным ко

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… While serum methylmalonic acid (MMA) and homocysteine may be sensitive indicators for assessing VitB12 deficiency, their specificity is relatively low ( 9 ). …

Common Non-Rheumatic Medical Conditions Mimicking Fibromyalgia: A Simple Framework for Differential Diagnosis.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic non-inflammatory disorder mainly characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and a constellation of other symptoms. For this reason, delineating a clear distinction between pure FM and FM-like picture attributable to other common diseases can be extremely challenging. Physicians must identify the most significant confounders in individual patients and implement an appropriate diagnostic workflow, carefully choosing a minimal (but sufficient) set of tests to be used for identifying the most plausible diseases in the specific case

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… Increased serum homocysteine and urine methylmalonic acid levels support diagnosis in patients with clinical suspicion and borderline or normal serum vitamin B12 levels [ 14 ]. … Adequate treatment response is the normalization of homocysteine or methylmalonic acid levels within 1 week and normalization of MCV within 8 weeks [ 14 ]. …

"Пожалуйста, встаньте?" - "Настоящее демилилиническое расстройство, пожалуйста, встаньте?" - из материалов Национальной конференции общества с множественным склерозом.

46-летний мужчина с постепенной болезненной монокулярной потерей зрения и левой ногой парестезией. Workup продемонстрировал многофукаловые демиелионирующие повреждения и олиголональные полосы с ограничением CSF. У него был диагностирован множественный склероз (MS), но последующие тесты были заметны для положительного миэлина олигодендроцита гликопротеина-иммуноглобулина G (MOG-IgG). Мы обсуждаем последствия и клинические соображения в отношении позитива MOG-IgG в MS.

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… Serologic testing including thyroid studies, vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid, copper, ceruloplasmin, and zinc was within normal limits, and anti-nuclear antibody was negative. …

RNA therapeutics in targeting G protein-coupled receptors: Recent advances and challenges.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the major targets of existing drugs for a plethora of human diseases and dominate the pharmaceutical market. However, over 50% of the GPCRs remain undruggable. To pursue a breakthrough and overcome this situation, there is significant clinical research for developing RNA-based drugs specifically targeting GPCRs, but none has been approved so far. RNA therapeutics represent a unique and promising approach to selectively targeting previously undruggable targets, including undruggable GPCRs. However, the development of RNA therapeutics faces significant cha

The underexplored links between cancer and the internal body climate: Implications for cancer prevention and treatment.

In order to effectively manage and cure cancer we should move beyond the general view of cancer as a random process of genetic alterations leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation or simply a predictable evolutionary process involving selection for traits that increase cell fitness. In our view, cancer is a systemic disease that involves multiple interactions not only among cells within tumors or between tumors and surrounding tissues but also with the entire organism and its internal "milieu". We define the internal body climate as an emergent property resulting from spatial and temporal in

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… Similarly, methylmalonic acid (MMA), a by-product of propionate metabolism, was found to be upregulated in the serum of older people and functions as a mediator of tumor progression ( 82 ). … As an example, an increase in methylmalonic acid levels may be indicative of increased risk of metastasis ( 305 ). …

Cellular Senescence and Aging: Mechanisms, Disease Convergence, and Therapeutic Frontiers.

Cellular senescence, a stress-induced, irreversible cell cycle arrest coupled with a proinflammatory secretory phenotype, has emerged as both a central driver of aging and a tractable therapeutic target. Although acute senescence contributes beneficially to tumor suppression and wound healing, chronic accumulation of senescent cells sustains systemic inflammaging and accelerates organ dysfunction. This review synthesizes current progress in aging biology into a unified mechanistic and translational framework. We first examine how primary aging hallmarks, such as genomic instability and epigene

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… Metabolic reprogramming amplifies these changes: propionate metabolism defects cause methylmalonic acid accumulation that activates profibrotic signaling [ 163 ], while epoxyeicosatrienoic acids counter alveolar epithelial senescence by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through the NRF2 axis …

Pancytopenia Concurrent With Metabolic Encephalopathy.

Pancytopenia is a decrease in the number of cells in all peripheral blood cell lines and has been associated with anemias, cancers, chemotherapy, infections, and nutritional deficiencies. However, pancytopenia concurrent with encephalopathy is rare and not well-studied. We present a case of pancytopenia concurrent with metabolic encephalopathy. An 81-year-old female patient presented to the emergency department for two weeks of increased fatigue and hypersomnolence. The patient had trouble staying awake during the initial physical exam, and her laboratory results were significant for pancytope

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… Peripheral blood smear, ammonia, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), parvovirus B19, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), vitamin B12 and B9, and methylmalonic acid (MMA) labs were ordered. …

Thrombotic microangiopathy following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.

INTRODUCTION: Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and is associated with a variety of conditions and following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy is a novel immunotherapeutic approach using genetically modified autologous T cells. CAR-T therapy has been linked with injuries to vascular endothelium, but a direct association between CAR-T and TMA has not been reported. CASE REPORTS: Two cases of TMAs following CAR-T treatment are reported here. In each case, clinical evidence of kidney inju

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… Folate, B12, and methylmalonic acid levels were all within normal ranges. Autoimmune testing panels (ANA, ANCA) were unremarkable. Complement C3/C4/CH50 were similarly within normal limits. …

A 64-year-old woman with rapid neurologic decline diagnosed with Toxoplasma encephalitis after presumed metastatic cancer.

In an era of fragmented medical care, concurrent clinical features that ultimately lead to a unified diagnosis may not be prioritized appropriately. We present a case of a 64-year-old woman referred to hematology clinic for anemia, with recent memory loss and gait disturbance. Two months later, she developed pneumonia; imaging workup showed a left renal mass. Neurologic function continued to decline precluding definitive nephrectomy. She then presented with new-onset seizure and initial neuro-imaging was reported as unremarkable. One month later, outpatient neurologic workup demonstrated new l

Amiloride ameliorates muscle wasting in cancer cachexia through inhibiting tumor-derived exosome release.

BACKGROUND: Cancer cachexia (CAC) reduces patient survival and quality of life. Developments of efficient therapeutic strategies are required for the CAC treatments. This long-term process could be shortened by the drug-repositioning approach which exploits old drugs approved for non-cachexia disease. Amiloride, a diuretic drug, is clinically used for treatments of hypertension and edema due to heart failure. Here, we explored the effects of the amiloride treatment for ameliorating muscle wasting in murine models of cancer cachexia. METHODS: The CT26 and LLC tumor cells were subcutaneously in

Causes of Moderate and Severe Anaemia in a High-HIV and TB-Prevalent Adult Population in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.

BACKGROUND: Anaemia affects one in four adults in South Africa, with a higher prevalence in persons with HIV and tuberculosis. The aim of this study is to characterise the causes of anaemia in primary care and a district hospital setting. METHODS: A cross-sectional study design investigated a purposive sample of adult males and non-pregnant females at two community health centres and a hospital casualty and outpatients. Fingerpick blood haemoglobin was measured with HemoCueHb201+. Those with moderate and severe anaemia underwent clinical examination and laboratory tests. RESULTS: Of 1327 pat

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… While NHLS normal values for both sexes were 133–675 pmol/L, the lower limit of normal cannot be used as a cut-off to define deficiency due to frequent false-positive and false-negative results [ 36 ] Methylmalonic acid and homocysteine levels are required to confirm vitamin B12 deficiency [ 36 ], but …

Haematological Diseases in the Tropics

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… Vitamin B 12 is an essential co-factor in DNA synthesis, serving as a co-factor in two key biochemical processes involving methylmalonic acid and homocysteine as precursors. Consequently vitamin B 12 deficiency can interfere with DNA synthesis. … Measurements of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine levels, two markers which are very sensitive for detecting B 12 deficiency, have shown that vitamin B 12 deficiency can occur with normal haemoglobin levels and without macrocytosis. 36 Pernicious anaemia is probably the commonest cause of vitamin …

Leptomeningeal disease: current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

OBJECTIVES: We determined the efficacy of the use of a tension free prolene mesh to correct a grade III anterior vaginal wall prolapse recurrence. METHODS: Twelve women (mean age 65.6 years) with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) (4 type II and 1 type III) and bladder prolapse entered the study. After vaginal incision a pretailored polypropylene mesh was fixed to its four angles by absorbable sutures to the urethropelvic ligaments and pubocervical fascia anteriorly and to the cardinal ligaments and pubocervical fascia posteriorly. When present, a posterior descensus was corrected during the s

Metformin-induced vitamin B12 deficiency: An underdiagnosed cause of diabetic neuropathy.

Metformin-induced vitamin B12 deficiency is a prevalent condition among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In recent years, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated the association between vitamin B12 deficiency and the onset, progression, and worsening of diabetic neuropathy (DNP) as well as its improvement with supplementation in cases of deficiency. Major clinical guidelines for diabetes and DNP remain vague in their recommendations for B12 measurement and supplementation, and some guidelines do not address it at all. Given that vitamin B12 therapy is an economical, safe, and widely

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… It is hypothesized that reduced succinyl-coenzyme A synthesis and secondary accumulation of methylmalonic acid (MMA) may contribute to the pathological process by promoting the formation of odd-chain and branched-chain fatty acids. …

Classification of Dystonia.

Dystonia is a hyperkinetic movement disorder characterized by abnormal movement or posture caused by excessive muscle contraction. Because of its wide clinical spectrum, dystonia is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed. In clinical practice, dystonia could often present in association with other movement disorders. An accurate physical examination is essential to describe the correct phenomenology. To help clinicians reaching the proper diagnosis, several classifications of dystonia have been proposed. The current classification consists of axis I, clinical characteristics, and axis II, etiolo

Ferret coronavirus-associated diseases.

A novel coronavirus of ferrets was first described in 1993. This coronavirus caused an enteric disease called epizootic catarrhal enteritis (ECE). Recently, a ferret systemic coronavirus (FRSCV)-associated disease was discovered. This new systemic disease resembles the dry form of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and has been reported in the United States and Europe. This article addresses the clinical signs, pathology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of this ferret FIP-like disease.

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… Serum cobalamin, folate, and methylmalonic acid concentrations in ferrets (Mustela putorius). In: Proceedings of the 29th Annual AAV Conference & Expo with AEMV. Savannah (GA), August 11–14, 2008. p. 61–3. 65 Reiter R.J. Melchiorri D. Sewerynek E. …

Курс химиотерапии, вызванной периферической нейропатией (CIPN) у гематологических пациентов, проходящих лечение винкристином, бортезомидомидом или линалидомидом: исследование НОВИТ.

Для оценки и описания периферической нейропатии, вызванной химиотерапией (CIPN), широко известное осложнение лечения рака с использованием различных методологий у гематологов. В это исследование были включены методы лечения с помощью винкристина, бортезомида или линалидомида. Пациенты осматривались до начала лечения (базового) перед каждым циклом химиотерапии, one через месяц после окончания лечения и one Год после исходного показателя с использованием результатов, сообщенных пациентами (Функциональная оценка раковых заболеваний/гинекологическая онкология) Group-Ntx-13 (ФАКТ/GOG-Ntx-13) и резу

Targeting the ROCK2/UBA52/DRP1 axis enhances ferroptosis and overcomes pemigatinib resistance in Cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly aggressive cancer that arises from the bile duct and has an extremely poor prognosis. Pemigatinib is the only Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved CCA-targeted drug. The CCA treatment options are insufficient considering its poor prognosis and increasing morbidity. Recently, Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) has been reported to promote resistance to chemotherapy. In this study, we investigated the role that ROCK2 plays in the development of resistance of CCA cells to Pemigatinib. Here, we developed Pemigatinib-resistant

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… Mitochondria-derived methylmalonic acid aggravates ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating reactive oxygen species-dependent ferroptosis. Cell Commun Signal. 2024;22:53. 11. Wang Y, Dai X, Li H, Jiang H, Zhou J, Zhang S, et al. The role of mitochondrial dynamics in disease. …

Immunosenescence, Physical Exercise, and their Implications in Tumor Immunity and Immunotherapy.

Aging is associated with a decline in immune function, termed immunosenescence, which compromises host defences and increases susceptibility to infections and cancer. Physical exercise is widely recognized for its myriad health benefits, including the potential to modulate the immune system. This review explores the bidirectional relationship between immunosenescence and physical exercise, focusing on their interplay in shaping antitumor immunity. We summarize the impact of aging on innate and adaptive immune cells, highlighting alterations that contribute to immunosenescence and cancer develo

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… Moreover, recent research has demonstrated an increase in serum methylmalonic acid levels among elderly individuals, resulting in the upregulation of SOX4 expression. This molecular event may trigger transcriptional reprogramming, consequently enhancing the aggressiveness of cancer cells 254 . …

Chemotherapy-Associated Thrombotic Microangiopathy.

Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a syndrome of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia with end-organ dysfunction. Although the advent of plasma exchange, immunosuppression, and complement inhibition has improved morbidity and mortality for primary TMAs, the management of secondary TMAs, particularly drug-induced TMA, remains less clear. TMA related to cancer drugs disrupts the antineoplastic treatment course, increasing the risk of cancer progression. Chemotherapeutic agents such as mitomycin-C, gemcitabine, and platinum-based drugs as well as targeted therapies such as anti

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… Vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid, and homocysteine levels and if diarrhea, stool Shiga toxin and Escherichia coli analysis should also be pursued in the right clinical setting. …